Multidataset analysis for the development of gold exploration models in western Europe

European Union

Description

Environmental research

Sujets

• Sciences et techniques

Informations

• Publié par: EUROPEAN-UNION
• Nombre de lectures: 88
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 32 Mo

Extrait

THE MIDAS PROJECT
Multidataset analysis for the
development of gold exploration
models in western Europe
Research Report SF/98/1
EUR 17462
British
Geological
Survey Research Report SF/98/1
Multidataset analysis for
the development of gold
exploration models in
western Europe
J A Plant and 29 others AUTHORS
Project leader
Jane A Plant
British Geological Survey
Participating organisations and stall'
British Geological Survey, UK
A G Gunn
M Holder
Β Leveridge
G E Norton
K E Rollin
Ρ R Simpson
Ρ Stone
Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières, France
V Bouchot
C Braux
H Zeegers
Empresa de Desenvolvimento Mineiro, Lisbon, Portugal
J Damiao
R Pinheiro
Geological Survey of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
V Gallagher
Ρ J O'Connor
Instituto Tecnologico Geominero de España. Madrid, Spain
J Locutura
E López­Paino
G Ortiz
F Ribera
F Tornos
Riofìnex North, Bristol, UK
D Clilì
C J Morrisey
University of Barcelona. Spain
J Calvct
J Cannona
A Casas
X Font
J Marturiá
D Perez
J M Prede 11
M V i lade val I
II BRITISH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
RESEARCH REPORT SF/98/1
EUR 17462
Multidataset analysis for the
development of gold exploration
models in western Europe
Editors: A G Gunn and J A Plant
This project was funded by the
European Commission under the
Brite-Euram Programme. Contract
MA2M-CT90-0009 (SMA), Project
PL-(KM1.
This document has been published
with the financial support of the
European Commission.
Maps and diagrams for the United
Kingdom use topography based on
Ordnance Survey mapping.
Bibliographic référence
Plant, J A, and 29 others. 1998.
Multidataset analysis for the
development of gold exploration
models in western Europe. British
Geological Sun'ev Research Report
SF/98/1.
© NERC 1998 Keyworth, Nottingham British Geological Survey 1998 BRITISH GEOLOGICAL SURVKY
The full range of Survey publications is available from the BGS Keyworth, Nottingham NG12 5GG
Sales Desk at they headquarters, Keyworth, Nottingham.
Θ 01I5-936 3IOO Telex 378173 BGSKEY G
The more popular maps and books may be purchased from BGS-
Fax [phone]
approved stockists and agents and over the counter at the
Bookshop, Gallery 37, Natural History Museum (Earth
Murchison House. West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3LA
Galleries), Cromwell Road, London. Sales desks are also located
Θ 0131-667 1000 Telex 727343 SEISED G
at the BGS London Information Office, and at Murchison House,
Fax [phone]
Edinburgh. The Londonn Office maintains a reference
collection of BGS publications including maps for consultation.
London Information Office at the Natural History Museum (Earth
Some BGS books and reports may also be obtained from the
Galleries), Exhibition Road, South Kensington. London SW7 2DE
Stationery Office Publications Centre or from the Stationery
Office bookshops and agents. Θ 0171-5894090 Fax [phone]
Θ 0171-938 9056/57
The Survey publishes an annual catalogue of maps, which lists
St Just. 30 Pennsylvania Road. Exeter EX4 6BX published material and contains index maps for several of the
BGS series. Θ 01392-78312 Fax [phone]
Geological Survey of Northern Ireland. 20 College Gardens.
The British Geological Survey carries out the geological survey Belfast BT9 6BS
of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the latter as an agency
Θ 01232-666595 Fax [phone]
service for the government of Northern Ireland I, and of the
surrounding continental shelf, as well as its basic research
Maclean Building. Crowmarsh Gifford. Wallingford.
projects. It also undertakes programmes of British technical aid
Oxfordshire OX 10 8BB
in geology in developing countries as arranged by the
Telex 849365 HYDROL G Θ 01491-838800 Deportment for International Development and other agencies.
Fax [phone]
The British Geological Survey is a component body of the
Natural Environment Research Council.
Parrut liatly
Natural Environment Research Council
Polaris House. North Star Avenue. Swindon. Wiltshire SN2 I EU
S 01793-411500 Telex 444293 ENVRE G
Fax [phone]
Printed in Italy for the British Geological Survey
by Tipografia Giuntina
C5
IV Contents
Controls on the distribution of gold mineralisation Executive summary 2.6
in the Caledonide belt 46
1 Introduction 1 2.6.1 Setting of known gold occurrences 49
(J.A. Plant, A.G. Gunn and H. Zeegers) (a) Grampian terrane 49
1.1 Objectives 1 (b) Southern Uplands 49
(c) Northern Lake District 51 1.2 Methodology 1
Discussion 54 1.3 Metallogenic models for the formation of gold 2.6.2
deposits 1 2.7 Summary 55
Gold mineralisation in the Caledonide orogenic Gold mineralisation in the Variscan orogenic
belt 6 belt 56
(V Bouchot, C Braux, J Carmona, J Damião, X Font, (P Stone, A G Gunn, V Gallagher, G E Norton,
A G Gunn, M Holder, Β Leveridge, J Locutura, Ρ J O'Connor, J A Plant, K E Rollin and
Ρ R Simpson) E Lopez­Pamo, G E Norton, G Ortiz, D Perez,
Geotectonic setting of the Caledonides 6 R Pinheiro, J A Plant, F Ribera, Ρ Stone, F Toznos, 2.1
The Grampian terrane and the Dalradian belt 8 M Viladevall and H Zeegers; with contributions 2.2
from J Marturia, A Casa, J Calvet, J M Pradell) 2.2.1 Geology 8
2.2.2 Geophysics 9 3.1 Introduction 56
2.2.3 Review of gold mineralisation 12 3.1.1 The Variscides 56
2.2.4 Cononish deposit 14 3.1.2 Late Proterozoic and Palaeozoic tectonothermal
(a) Geological setting and mineralisation 14 events 56
(a) Thermal events 56 (b) Metallogenic model 14
(b) Deformation style and timing 59 (c) Exploration methods 15
Late tectonic and post­tectonic environments 59 Lagalochan deposit 15 3.1.3 2.2.5
(a) Geological setting and mineralisation 15 3.2 Geotectonic setting of the Central Iberia­Massif
Central zone of the Variscides 60 (b) Metallogenic model 15
3.3 Banjas (Portugal): a turbidite­hosted gold (c) Exploration methods 16
deposit 62 2.2.6 Regional geochemistry 17
(a) Arsenic 17 3.3.1 Nature of the investigation 62
(b) Antimony 18 3.3.2 Detailed description of the deposit 62
(c) Bismuth 19 (a) Geological setting 63
(d) Discussion 20 (b) Structural setting of the gold mineralisation 63
(c) Mineralisation 63 (e) Investigations in Shetland 20
2.3 Southern Uplands 21 (d) Metallogenic model 63
2.3.1 Geology 21 Tools and signatures 63 3.3.3
2.3.2 Geophysics 23 (a) Mapping 63
2.3.3 Review of gold mineralisation 25 (b) Remote sensing 64
2.3.4 Moorbrock Hill and Hare Hill prospects 26 (c) Geophysics 64
(a) Geological setting and mineralisation 26 (d) Geochemistry 65
(b) Metallogenic model 26 (e) Summary 67
(c) Exploration methods 27 Aranga (Spain): a first­order shear­zone gold 3.4
Regional geochemistry 27 deposit 67 2.3.5
(a) Base metals and arsenic 27 3.4.1 Nature of the investigation 67
3.4.2 (b) Antimony and bismuth 29 Detailed description of the deposit 68
(c) Discussion 29 (a) Regional tectonic setting 68
2.4 Lake District 32 (b) Structural setting 69
2.4.1 Geology 32 (c) Mineralisation 71
2.4.2 Geophysics 34 (d) Metallogenic model 71
Mineralisation 35 Tools and signatures 72 2.4.3 3.4.3
Regional geochemistry 35 2.4.4 (a) Mapping and remote sensing 72
South­east Ireland 35 2.5 (b) Geophysics 72
Geology 35 2.5.1 (c) Geochemistry 74
Mineralisation 38 2.5.2 La Bellière (France): a second­order shear­zone 3.5
Regional geochemistry 40 2.5.3 gold deposit 76
(a) Gold 40 3.5.1 Nature of the investigation 79
(b) Antimony 42 3.5.2 Detailed description of la Bellière 79
(c) Arsenic 43 (a) Geological environment and geodynamic
(d) Recognition of crustal reservoirs 45 setting 79
Comparison of south­east Ireland and the Lake (b) Tectonic setting 79 2.5.4
District 46 (c) Gold mineralisation 80 Glorianes 128
(d) Metallogenic model (dynamic emplacement) 81 La Lucette 129
3.5.3 Tools and signatures 81 Le Bourneix 130
LeChâtelet 131
4 Metallogenic models and exploration criteria 85 Villeranges 132
(J A Plant, V Bouchot, C Braux, J Carmona, X Font, Mokskro­Celina 133
A G Gunn, J Locutura, C J Morrissey, R Pinheiro, Carballino 134
F Ribera, Ρ R Simpson, M Viladevall and H Zeegers) Alto de Pozas, Tornino 135
Castromil 136 4.1 Approach 85
4.2 Regional setting 85
4.2.1 Characteristics and settings of the gold deposits 86 References 137
(a) Geological setting 86
(b) Structural setting 86
(c) Control and position of the mineralisation 86 FIGURES
(d) Mineralisation 86
(e) Mining data 86 1.1 Major orogenic belts of the North Atlantic region
4.2.2 Results 86 prior to the opening of the Atlantic 4
4.3 Metallogenic models 87 1.2 The distribution of Caledonide and Variscide
4.3.1 Classification and definition of attributes 87 terranes in the project area, showing the locations of
4.3.2 Results 87 the deposits described 5
4.4 Exploration criteria 87 2.1 Simplified map of the British Caledonides 7
4.4.1 G