Environment and Resources. PROGRAMME PROGRESS REPORT January-June 1978

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COMMISSION
OFTHE EUROPEAN
COMMUNITIES
JOINT RESEARCH CENTRE
Ispra Establishment
Italy
CONFIDENTIAL
COMMUNICATION
Category 1.8
Nr 3539
Environment and
Resources Copy N2 . 009
WARNING
The information contained
in this document is
communicated confidentially
by the Commission of the
European Communities
to Member States,
personsand undertakings
and should not be passed on
to third parties.
(Euratom-Treaty, Article 13, and PROGRAMME PROGRESS REPORT
Regulation (EEC) No. 2380/74
of the Council of Ministers).
January-June 1978 Abstract
This is the 3rd Progress Report (1.1. to 30.6.1978) of the 4-years 1977-80 R&D pro­
gramme «Environment and (renewable) Resources» carried out at the Joint Research
Centre of the European Communities. This report is composed of two separate volu­
mes, project-structured, the Progress Report Itself and a summary.
A total of 114 research staff is engaged in this research, consisting of 2 major projects
on air, 2 on water pollution, 3 in chemicals and 2 on agricultural resources.
The project on «Particle formation and transport of air pollutants» and natural emission
from plants and soil (test area Po Valley). Another, (ILE - isotopie lead experiment), stu­
dies the pathway of automotive lead through the environment to the human blood using
isotopically labelled Pb in TEL/petrol distributed in Northen Italy.
EURASEP is a Community-wide remote sensing project on coastal pollution (chlo­
rophyll, gelbstoffe, suspended matter) using data from the Coastal Zone Colour Scan­
ner (CZCS) on NIMBUS-G to be launched in 1978.
The «Chemicals» section of the programme features a data bank for environmental
chemicals (ECDIN) now on a pilot phase with 3000 chemicals, a study on the environ­
mental burden of heavy metals, from fossil fuel fired power plants. The Community-
wide project TELLUS uses data of the Explorer A, a satellite launched in April 1978
which measures the night and day temperature cycling of surface objects on the earth
in view of correlating It to soil moisture, Pre-launch test fights were flown in France in
the U.K. and in Italy.
The project post-AGRESTE on remote sensing of agricultural feature is provisionally in
stand-by position subject to availability of staff. JOINT RESEARCH CENTRE
Ispra Establishment
Italy
Environment and
Resources
PROGRAMME PROGRESS REPORT
January-June 1978 BEMÆRK
Den viden, som rummes i dette dokument, meddeles som fortrolig fra
Kommissionen for de europæiske Fællesskaber til Medlemsstater, per­
soner og virksomheder og ma ikke videreaives til trediemand. (Euratom-
traktatens artikel 13 og Minersterrådetsforordning)EOF) N° 2380/74).
Hverken Kommissionen for de Europæiske Fælleskaber eller nogen,
som optræder pa Kommissionens vegne er ansvarling for den eventuelle
brug af information, som er indeholdt i det følgende.
ZUR BEACHTUNG
Die in diesem Dokument enthaltenen Kenntnisse werden von der Kom­
mission der Europäischen Gemeinschaften den Mitgliedstaaten, Per­
sonen und Unternehmen der Gemeinschaft vertraulich mitgeteilt und
dürfen nicht an Dritte weitergegeben werden. (Euratom-Vertrag, Arti­
kel 13, und Beschluss des Ministerrates (EWG) Nr. 2380/74).
Weder die Kommission der Europäischen Gemeinschaften noch Perso­
nen, die im Namen dieser Kommission handeln, sind für die etwaige
Verwendung der nachstehenden Informationen verantwortlich.
NOTICE
The information contained in this document is communicated confi­
dentially by the Commission of the European Communities to Member
States, persons and undertakings and should not be passed on to third
parties. (Euratom-Treaty, Article 13, and Regulation (EEC) No.
2380/74 of the Council of Ministers).
Neither the Commission of the Europæn Communities nor any person
acting on behalf of the Commission is responsible for the use which
might be made of the following information.
AVERTISSEMENT
Les connaissances contenues dans le présent document sont communi­
quées confidentiellement par la Commission des Communautées euro­
péennes aux Etats membres, personnes et entreprises et ne peuvent être
transmises à des tiers. (Traité Euratom, article 13, et règlement (CEE)
N° 2380/74 du Conseil de Ministres).
Ni la Commission des Communautés européennes, ni aucune personne
agissant au nom de la Commission, n'est responsable de l'usage qui
pourrait être fait des informations ci-après.
AVVERTIMENTO
Le cognizioni contenute nel presente documento sono comunicate con­
fidenzialmente dalla Commissione delle Comunità europee agli Stati
membri, persone ed imprese e non debbono essere trasmesse a terzi.
(Trattato Euratom, articolo 13, e regolamento (CCE) N° 2380/74 del
Consiglio dei Ministri).
Né la Commissione delle Comunità europee, né alcuna persona che
agisca per suo conto, è responsabile dell'uso che dovesse essere fatto
delle informazioni che seguono.
OPMERKING
De kennis, die in dit document is vervat, wordt door de Commissie van
de Europese Gemeenschappen vertrouwelijk aan de Lid-Staten, per­
sonen en ondernemingen medegedeeld en mag niet aan derden worden
doorgegeven. (Euratom-Verdrag, artikel 13, en het besluit van de Mi­
nisterraad (EEG) No. 2380/74).
Noch de Commissie van de Europese Gemeenschappen, noch de per­
sonen die namens haar optreden, zijn verantwoordelijk voor het ge­
bruik, dat eventueel van de hiernavolgende informaties wordt gemaakt. TABLE OF CONTENTS
page
1. Introduction 3
2. Projects 7
2.1. Atmosphere
2.1.1. Particle Formation and Transport of Pollutants 7
2.1.1.1. Particle Formation 9
2.1.1.2. Transport of Pollutants 27
2.1.2. ILE - Pathway of Automotive Lead 39
2.2. Water 46
2.2.1. Eutrophication6
2.2.2. EURASEP 55
2.3. Chemicals 63
2.3.1. ECDIN3
2.3.2. Mobilization of heavy metals from fossile-fueled power
plants and ecological-biochemical implications 72
2.3.3. Follow-up COST 64b and ozone depletion by
halocarbons and other substances 88
2.3.3.1. Follow-up COST 64b8
2.3.3.2. Stratospheric ozone depletion by
halocarbons and other substances 92
2.4. Agricultural Resources 107
2.4.1. TELLUS7
2.4.2. Post-AGRESTE 115
3. Conclusions9
JRC Publications 123
List of Authors5 - 3
1. INTRODUCTION
The present 4-years programme (1977-1980) is the follow-up of two
separate programmes f rom the previous 1973-1976 plan period,
namely "Environment" and "Remote Sensing by Satellite".
The principal scope of this programme is to provide, together with
the indirect action, scientific support to the Communities'Action
Programme on the Environment. The following table gives a synop­
tic view of the major links of this programme with the Indirect Action
and the Action Programme.
The first project deals with the joint impact of anthropogenic and man-
made emissions to particle formation in the atmosphere and with the
connected transport or dispersion of pollutants.
Another sub-project is the study of the pathway of automotive lead
(via an isotopie lead study using natural tracers, project ILE).
The second project involves investigations of parameters and basic
phenomena of eutrophication and studies on marine pollution via air­
borne and satellite-borne "coastal zone colour scanners" (EURASEP).
It involves broad European collaboration.
The third project comprises the continuation of the pilot project rela­
ted to the Environmental Chemical Data Information Network (ECDIN),
together with a study on the mobilization of heavy metals and their
ecological and biochemical implications, and the follow-up of a "COST"
project on the analysis and pathway of micropollutants in water, air
and soil, together with the analysis of the halocarbons in the lower at­
mosphere.
The fourth project involves the conclusion of the AGRESTE Programme
(Agricultural Resources Investigation in Southern France and Northern
Italy), as well as the beginning of a new investigation of the soil mois­
ture and heat balance in selected European zones (TELLUS Project).
For these studies the use of data obtained from NASA satellites
(LANDSAT-3, EXPLORER-A) and airborne scanner flights is envisaged.
The scientific staff working on this programme during the reporting
period was 114 persons. RESEARCH PROG RAMMES
ENVIRONMENT & RESOURCES ENVIRONMENT
JRC Programme areas 2 programme Programme of action on
Environment (77­81) direct action (77­80) indirect action (76­80)
PROJECT 1 ATMOSPHERE (0 Res. for establishment of criteria documents I l/l Measures to reduce pollution and nuisances
a) identification and meas, of pollutants
1.1 Particle form. & transport of poll 1) Objective evaluation of risks to man b) their evolution and transformation
and environment from pollution c) their metabolism and effects on tar