Passive solar architecture in Europe 2

Directorate-General For Translation European Commission

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Energy research
Renewable sources of energy

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• Publié par: EUROPEAN-COMMISSION
• Nombre de lectures: 25
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 12 Mo

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ISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES
PASSIVE SOLAR ARCHITECTURE
IN EUROPE 2 THE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES
DIRECTORATE GENERAL XII FOR SCIENCE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
PASSIVE SOLAR ARCHITECTURE
IN EUROPE 2 m Λ/ *>­
THE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES
DIRECTORATE GENERAL XII FOR SCIENCE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
PASSIVE SOLAR ARCHITECTURE
IN EUROPE 2
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THE RESULTS OF THE
SECOND EUROPEAN PASSIVE SOLAR COMPETITION 1982'
EDITED BY RALPH M LEBENS
THE ARCHITECTURAL PRESS LTD LONDON Mr. H. Davies, Deputy Director General of DGXII,
congratulates a competitor at the prize-giving
ceremony in Cannes. PREFACE
he Western world has, in this century, been negligent in its use of fossil fuels,
T which Nature has prepared for us over many millions of years. One can find
evidence of this carelessness in all branches of industry and not least in the building
industry. The world's store of fossil fuels is limited and it is urgent that we move
towards other sources of energy, preferably those which do not necessitate our
depending on materials imported from outside the European Community. In order
to develop these sources a huge programme of research and development is required.
The Commission of the European Communities is encouraging and pursuing
this programme and has indeed funded one tenth of all public energy research in
the Community. In some areas its contribution has been much higher and in
research into solar energy it has provided no less than 40% of the finance employed.
By the beginning of the next century, it has been foreseen, solar energy will be
providing from 5 to 7% of Europe's energy needs and an even greater share will be
accounted for by use of energy-conserving policies. The Commission regards Passive
Solar Design as of great importance in the pursuit of these two means of reducing
Europe's dependence on oil.
The European Passive Solar Design Competition is one of the ways the
Commission has adopted to stress the importance of this source of energy.
The effect of climate on building design was early realised and for centuries
builders were influenced by it, but the skills they had developed were largely
forgotten after the Industrial Revolution. These skills must now be re-learnt and
disseminated. The European climate demands that designers concentrate on
conserving solar gains and minimizing heat losses in the winter months.
The construction materials must be used in such a way as to absorb and store the
heat gained from the sun and the rooms must be arranged so that they use this stored
heat with little recourse to artificial and expensive means of distribution.
To encourage the use of passive solar energy the Commission funded a study in
August 1979 to identify the centres of skill in the use of such design in Europe.
This was followed by a meeting of experts later in the year which recommended that
the Commission's programme should pursue two courses:
(i) to develop and assess the necessary technology
(ii) to disseminate the principles of passive solar design
among those in the profession of building design in
the EC countries.
This Second European Passive Solar Design Competition, like the first in 1980,
is part of the policy of dissemination of the principles of passive solar design and it
is hoped and expected that it will result in much greater interest in and wider use of
these principles. Members of the panel of judges have assured us that our aim has
been achieved to a considerable degree by both the competitions.
The excellence of the winning designs and the high standard of work submitted
indicate that the passive solar approach to architecture is being very well received
by the building design profession.
The Commission looks forward with confidence to the continued growth of
interest and the consequent wide application of Passive Solar Energy in building
design in Europe.
iăt-
Dr W Palz
Head of the Division
"Solar Energy Research"
Commission of the European Communities ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The editor would like to thank the supervisor of this contract at the Commission of the European
Communities, Theo Steemers, for his constant guidance and close contact throughout the competition, the
exhibition and the preparation of this book. Thanks for their involvement and support are also due to the
technical assessors and judges (listed below) without whose expertise the competition would not have been
successful. Finally, we are grateful to all those who have put so much time and effort into the organization
of the competition, the exhibition and this book.
BOOK:
Sub-editing, organization
and verification of
calculations: Simon Walter
Design: Robert Budwig
Artwork and Planning: Paul Rowley
Typing: Diane Pearson
Proof reading: Geoffrey Lebens and Claudia Bloom
Translation of drawings
and photographs of models: Competition award winning entrants
Printing advice: Maritz Vandenberg and Keith Kneebone
The Architectural Press, London
Additional photography: Morley von Sternberg
Typesetting: Galley Typesetting, London
EXHIBITION:
Simon Walter, Paul Rowley, Claudia Bloom and Geoffrey Dale
COMPETITION:
Competition entry documents:
Design and Artwork: Paul and Esther Rowley and Andrew Myer
Technical supervision: Andrew Myer l assistance: Professor John Page, University of Sheffield, UK
Hans Lund, Technicaly of Denmark
Erotokritos Tsingas, Engineer, Public Utility Company,
Thessaloniki, Greece
Organization of
Registration and
submissions: Diane Pearson
First published in 1983 by
Translation of documents:
The Architectural Press: London
Danish: Lars Olsen, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
© ECSC, EEC, EAEC,
Dutch: Martin de Wit, Technische Hogeschool, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
Brussels and Luxembourg, 1983
French: Christian Queffelec, Centre Scientifique et Technique du Bâtiment, Paris, France
German:n Kupke, Fraunhofer Institut für Bauphysik, Stuttgart, F R Germany
ISBN 0 85139 957 6
Greek: Erotokritos Tsingas, Thessaloniki, Greece
Italian: Sergio Los, Bassano del Grappa, Italy
Publication arranged by:
Commission of the European Communities Technical assessment of entries:
Directorate-General Information Market
and Innovation Luxembourg Nick Baker Energy Conscious Design, London, UK
Francois Penz Martin Centre, Cambridge University, UK
Orazio Barra University of Calabria, Cosenza, Italy EUR 8564
Francois Guyon Centre Scientifique et Technique de la Construction, Brussels, Belgium
Albert Dupagne University of Liege, Belgium All rights reserved. No part of the publication
Federico Butera Istituto di Fisica Tecnica, University of Palermo, Italy may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval
Christian Kupke Fraunhofer Institut für Bauphysik, Stuttgart, F R Germany
system, or transmitted in any form or by any
J Owen Lewis* University College, Dublin, Ireland means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
Michel Raoust* Consulting Engineer, Paris, France
recording or otherwise, without the prior l Schneider CNRS, Nice, France
permission of the publishers.
Wolfgang Ehlers Technische Universität, Berlin, F R Germany
Such permission, if granted, is subject to a Alexandros Tombazis
Architect, Athens, Greece
fee depending on the nature of the use. Martin de Wit
Technische Hogeschool, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
LEGAL NOTICE
Competition direction and judging of entries:
Neither the Commission of the European
Communities nor any person acting on behalf James Barrett Architect, Dublin, Ireland
of the Commission is responsible for the use Edward Cullinan* , London, UK
which might be made of the following Michel Gerber Architect, Perpignan, France
Sergio Los information. Architect and Professor, Venice, Italy
Jaques Michel Architect, Paris, France
Printed in Great Britain by Biddies Ltd,
* Chairmen Guildford CONTENTS
REPORTS
Introduction and Organizer's Report 8
Judges' General Report 12
Technical Assessors' Report3
DATA
Explanation of Technical Data6
'Guidelines for Passive Solar Heating Design' 17
'Data Booklet' 20
COMPETITION ENTRIES
Category A:
High Density Low-Rise Housing
Winning Entries 35
Commendations 61
Other Details of Interest 88
Category B:
Retrofit and Rehabilitation of Dwellings
Winning Entries 9
Commendations 117
Special Mentions 130
Other Details of Interest6
APPENDIX
'Calculations Booklet'9
Entries which satisfied the
Technical Assessors' Criteria 15INTRODUCTION
AND
ORGANIZER'S REPORT
Entrants were asked to select real sites for their schemes within his book presents the award winning schemes of the second
Tarchitectural ideas competition held by the Commission of the the EC countries. No cost limits for the passive components or the
buildings were set but competitors were asked to bear cost in European Communities, Directorate-General XII, for Science,
Research and Development. mind and