Survey of combustion research in the European Community

Directorate-General For Translation European Commission

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Energy research

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• Publié par: EUROPEAN-COMMISSION
• Nombre de lectures: 22
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 3 Mo

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Commission of the European Communities
energy
SURVEY
OF COMBUSTION RESEARCH
IN THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITY
Report
EUR 10080 EN
Blow-up from microfiche original Commission of the European Communities
energy
SURVEY
OF COMBUSTION RESEARCH
IN THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITY
B.W. DALE, N.E.W. HARTLEY, P. HUTCHINSON
The Harwell Combustion Centre
Harwell - Oxfordshire OX 11 ORA
United Kingdom
on behalf of
The Commission of the European Community
Non-Nuclear Energy Research and Development Programme
Directorate-General Science, Research and Development
1985 EUR 10080 EN Published by the
COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES
Directorate-General
Information Market and Innovation
Bâtiment Jean Monnet
LUXEMBOURG
LEGAL NOTICE
Neither the Commission of the European Communities nor any person acting on behalf
of then is responsible for the use which might be made of the following
information
© ECSC-EEC-EAEC Brussels - Luxembourg, 1985 PREFACE
This survey on Combustion Research was undertaken by the HARWELL
COMBUSTION CENTRÉ on behalf of the European Community, Directorate-
General for Science, Research and Development, Non-nuclear Energy
R and D Programme.
The survey presents the outcome of.interviews with scientists working
in Combustion research in the Member States of the European Community.
The survey on the status of Combustion Research covers the areas
- "Steady state" combustion in furnaces
- Combustion in automotive engines
and includes a full range of topics like combustion kinetics, soot and
smoke formation, emission control, 3-dimensional modelling of turbulent
flow and optical diagnostics.
A preliminary synopsis is given of what is being undertaken and needs
to be done in the long-term in this field in the Member States of the
European Community.
The findings, recommendations and conclusions reflect the opinions of a
representative group of interviewees and the HARWELL COMBUSTION CENTRE.
The views expressed in this report do not necessarily coincide with
those of the Commission of the European Community.
- Ill -CONTENTS
PAGE
1. SUMMARY 1
2. INTRODUCTION
3. THE SURVEY
4. OUTCOME OF THE SURVEY 8
5. CONCLUSIONS 21
6. RECOMMENDATIONS4
Al
APPENDIX
- V -1. SUMMARY
1.1 Findinge
1.1.1 European research workers in the combustion field are of high
calibre and adequate in number.·· Changes may need to be made in
educational practices in order to maintain this situation.
1.1.2 Total recurrent funding òf combustion research in Europe is
probably proportionately lees than in the USA or Japan, and is
unevenly distributed* A modest increase in funding levels would be
cost-effective.
1.1.3 There has been a serious and potentially damaging shortfall in
funding of capital facilities and of enabling technology over the last
five years.
1.1.4 Combustion research in Europe is fragmented and
unco-ordlnated, and to this extent, ineffectual and prone to
duplication. Collaboration is limited by a shortage of funds for
travel.
1.1.5 Although Europeans are active in all key areas of combustion
research, the effectiveness of some areas is likely to decline
due to the Shortage of large capital facilities, (mainly large
computers), and of enabling technology (mainly advanced optical
diagnostics), noted above.
1.1.6 There are a number of specific areas where additional
resources would be expected to yield medium-to-longterm industrial
advantage.
1.1.7 Industrial exploitation of combustion expertise would be
enhanced if combustion was taught from the start as a discipline which
embraced chemistry, physics, and engineering.
1 -1.2 Recommendations
1.2.1 There should be more capital facilites devoted to combustion
research, particularly in the modelling of turbulent combustion, and
in the development and deployment of advanced diagnostics and in the
testing of large-scale furnaces'. These new facilities should be
concentrated around existing research centres, but should be readily
available to suitably qualified combustion scientists throughout the
EEC. There should be a greater degree of exchange of personnel,
bilateral and multilateral, between research centres·
1.2.2 Working parties should be set up to devise standard combustion
experiments, and to supervise the generation of reliable data bases,
against which to evaluate theories of turbulent combustion. These
data bases should be readily accessible to research workers throughout
the EEC.
1.2.3 There should be central, readily accessible, computer
compilations of critically-appraised kinetic rate data, and of
spectroscopic data. Working parties should be set up to evaluate
these data bases and to take steps to rectify any .deficiencies.
1.2.4 European teaching establishments should be asked to re-examine
the ways in which they train combustion scientists and engineers.
1.2.5 There should be much more money available for European
combustion scientists to travel within the EEC.
1.2.6 Pollution control legislation should be made uniform
throughout the EEC.
- 2