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30
pages
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Français
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Documents
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2002
Description
The so-called mausoleum of 'Aysha Bibi at Taraz, in the south of Khazakhstan, is commonly dated to the 11th-12th century. A new analysis of its decoration, based on precise drawings, shows its close resemblance (in plan, elevation and composition of its façades) with the mausoleum of the Samanids, built in Bukhara in the 9th century. Four different traditions influenced the decoration of the mausoleum of Taraz. The Islamic tradition is revealed in the composition of the façades and the use of starshaped terra-cotta tiles. From the Buddhist tradition, the artists working on this mausoleum borrowed the technique of covering the walls with ornamental tiles. From the Chinese tradition, they borrowed a peony pattern to decorate the capitals. Finally, the inner ornamentation of the tiles covering the monument are reminiscent, in a very stylized way, of motifs of the Art of the Steppes. The presence of the Chinese peony flower, never reproduced in Persia and Central Asia before the middle of the 13th century, provides a reliable chronological indication for dating the mausoleum. At that time, Taraz belonged to the Chaghatay kingdom and the person most likely to have ordered the building of the mausoleum was Örqina Khatun, spouse of the Khan Qara Hülegü and, as his widow, regent of the kingdom from about 1240 to 1266. Her personality (a Mongol Buddhist who converted to Islam), as well as the place where the mausoleum was built (on the road linking China with Central Asia) can explain the strong hybrid nature of the monument.
28 pages
Source : Persée ; Ministère de la jeunesse, de l’éducation nationale et de la recherche, Direction de l’enseignement supérieur, Sous-direction des bibliothèques et de la documentation.
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Publié par
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Publié le
01 janvier 2002
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Langue
Français
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Poids de l'ouvrage
7 Mo