The _D639-desaturation [Delta9-desaturation] of dietary trans octadeconoic acids (trans11 and trans 12 18:1) and the clinical relevance in humans [Elektronische Ressource] / von Katrin Kuhnt

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• Gesundheit

Informations

• Publié par: friedrich-schiller-universitat_jena
• Publié le: 01 janvier 2007
• Nombre de lectures: 27
• Langue: Deutsch
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 3 Mo

Extrait

The Δ9-desaturation of dietary trans octadecenoic acids
(trans11 and trans12 18:1) and the clinical relevance in humans







Dissertation
zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades
doctor rerum naturalium (Dr. rer. nat.)

vorgelegt dem Rat der Biologisch-Pharmazeutischen Fakultät
der Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena






von Dipl.-Troph. Katrin Kuhnt
geboren am 23.06.1978 in Merseburg














Gutachter

Prof. Dr. G. Jahreis
Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Institut für Ernährungswissenschaften, LS Ernährungs-
physiologie, Dornburger Straße 24, 07743 Jena

Prof. Dr. G. Stangl
Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Institut für Agrar- und Ernährungswissen-
schaften, Emil-Abderhalden-Straße 26, 06108 Halle/Saale

Prof. Dr. Dr. H. Steinhart
Universität Hamburg, Institut für Biochemie und Lebensmittelchemie, Grindelallee 117,
20146 Hamburg




Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 14. Februar 2007
Tag der öffentlichen Verteidigung: 1. März 2007 INDEX OF CONTENTS
INDEX OF CONTENTS


PREAMBLE List of abbreviations ………………………………………………………………………………….……… I
List of manuscripts ……………………………………………………………………………………………. IV
1 CHAPTER 1 Introduction and objectives ………………………………………………………………………….
CHAPTER 2 Trans-11-18:1 is effectively Δ9-desaturated compared with trans-12-
18:1 in humans.
Katrin Kuhnt, Jana Kraft, Peter Möckel, Gerhard Jahreis
British Journal of Nutrition 95, 752–61 (2006a) ………………………………………… 15
CHAPTER 3 Dietary supplementation with 11trans- and 12trans-18:1 and
oxidative stress in humans.
Katrin Kuhnt, Andreas Wagner, Jana Kraft, Samar Basu, Gerhard
Jahreis
26 American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 84, 981−8 (2006b) ………………………
CHAPTER 4 Dietary supplementation with trans11 and trans12 18:1 increases
cis9,trans11 conjugated linoleic acid in human immune cells, but
without effects on biomarkers of immune function and
inflammation.
Katrin Kuhnt, Jana Kraft, Heinz Vogelsang, Klaus Eder, Jürgen
Kratzsch, Gerhard Jahreis
35 British Journal of Nutrition, in press, 1−10 (2007) …………………………………….
CHAPTER 5 Gender-specific gene expression in human monocytes in relation to

dietary intervention with two trans fatty acids (t11 and t12 18:1).

Katrin Kuhnt, Silke Flotho, Sailas Benjamin, Torsten Börchers, Gerhard

Jahreis, Friedrich Spener
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, in preparation …………………………….. 46
CHAPTER 6 Final discussion …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 69
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. REFERENCES 90 INDEX OF CONTENTS
SUMMARY English and German …………………………………………………………………………………………. 106
I APPENDIX Tables (A1 − A5) ……………………………………………………………………………………………….
VII Selbständigkeitserklärung …………………………………………………………………………...……
List of publications, oral presentations, and posters …………………………………… VIII
Curriculum vitae ……………………………………………………………………………………………...… XI
Danksagung……………………………………………………………………………………………………….… XII














List of abbreviations PREAMBLE
PREAMBLE

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

Σ; total
15-kd-PGF ; 15-keto-13,14-dihydro-PGF2 α 2 α
18:1; octadecenoic acid
8-iso-PGF ; 8-iso-prostaglandin F2 α 2 α
8-oxodG; 7,8-dihydro-8-oxo-2´-deoxy-guanosine

AA; arachidonic acid
ACOX; acyl-CoA oxidase
ALAT; alanine-aminotransferase
ASAT; aspartate-am
BCL2; B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2
BIA; bioimpedance analysis
BMI; body mass index
C; cholesterol
c; cis
c9,t11 CLA; cis9,trans11 18:2
CD; cluster of differentiation
CLA; conjugated linoleic acids
COX; cyclooxygenase
Cr; creatinine
CRP; C-reactive protein
CYP4A11; cytochrome p450 monooxygenase
d; day
DNA; deoxyribonucleic acid
EFSA; European Food Safety Authority
EU; European Union
FABP; fatty acid binding protein
FAME; fatty acid methyl esters
FAT; fatty acid translocase
FATP; fatty acid transport protein
FDA; Food and Drug Administration List of abbreviations PREAMBLE
GC; gas chromatograph
GLUT; glucose transporter
HDL; high density lipoprotein
HPLC; high performance liquid chromatography
ICAM; intercellular adhesion molecule
Ig; immunglobulin
IL; interleukin
LDL; low density lipoprotein
LOX; lipoxygenase
LPL; lipoprotein lipase
m; men
ME; malic enzyme
MUFA; mono unsaturated fatty acids
NAD; nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
NK; natural killer cells
NS; not significant
PBE; peroxisomal bifunctional enzyme
PBS; phosphate buffered saline
PG; prostaglandin
PGI ; prostacyclin 2
PHVO; partially hydrogenated vegetable oils
PL; phospholipids
PBMC; peripheral blood mononuclear cells
PPAR; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors
PPRE; peroxisome proliferator responsive element
PUFA; poly unsaturated fatty acids
q-RT-PCR; quantitative real-time reverse-transcription poly-chain reaction
RBC; red blood cells
RIA; radioimmunoassay
RNA; ribonucleic acid
SCD; stearoyl-CoA desaturase
SD; standard deviation
SFA; saturated fatty acids
sPLA; secretory phospholipase A List of abbreviations PREAMBLE
t; trans
t10,c12 CLA; trans10,cis12 18:2
t11; t11 18:1; vaccenic acid
t12; t12 18:1
t9; t9 18:1; elaidic acid
TAG; triacylglycerols
TE, tocopherol equivalents
tFA; trans fatty acids
TNFα; tumor necrosis factor α
TXB; thromboxan
UK; United Kingdom
US; United States
VCAM; vascular cell adhesion molecule
VLDL; very low density lipoprotein
w; women
wk; week
γ-GT; γ-glutamyltransferase List of manuscripts PREAMBLE
LIST OF MANUSCRIPTS

CHAPTER 2

Trans-11-18:1 is effectively Δ9-desaturated compared with trans-12-18:1 in humans.

Katrin Kuhnt, Jana Kraft, Peter Möckel, Gerhard Jahreis
British Journal of Nutrition 95, 752–61 (2006).

Content
The Δ9-desaturation of t11 and t12 in humans is presently unknown. In the present
intervention study, related to the dietary intake of two trans isomers (t11 and t12 18:1)
over a short-term (7 d) and a long-term (42 d) intervention period the concentrations of t11
and t12 were significantly increased in human lipids. The t11 was significantly Δ9-
desaturated to c9,t11 CLA. Contrary to the t11, no Δ9-desaturation of t12 to c9,t12 18:2
could be observed. The mean conversion rate of t11 was approximately 24% in serum and
19% in red blood cell membranes.


WORK CONTRIBUTION
Study accomplishment 100%
Analyses (lipids, diets) 90%
Statistics 100%
Preparation of the manuscript List of manuscripts PREAMBLE
CHAPTER 3

Dietary supplementation with 11trans- and 12trans-18:1 and oxidative stress in
humans.

Katrin Kuhnt, Andreas Wagner, Jana Kraft, Samar Basu, Gerhard Jahreis
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 84, 981−8 (2006).

Content
Increased consumption of tFA has been associated with increased oxidative stress in
humans. The oxidative stress marker 8-iso-PGF (free radical induced) was significantly 2 α
increased in the urine in relation to the supplementation of t11 and t12 18:1. The urine
concentration of 15-ketodihydro-PGF (COX-mediated) and 8-oxodG (oxidative DNA-2 α
damage) were unaffected. The anti-oxidative status in plasma (α-, β-, γ-, δ-tocopherol,
retinol) was unchanged in subjects receiving t11 and t12 18:1.


WORK CONTRIBUTION
Study accomplishment 100%
Analyses (biomarkers, anti-oxidative status, diets) 40%
Statistics 100%
Preparation of the manuscript