The beginning of Spanish settlement in the El Paso district

Anne E. (Anne Eugenia) Hughes

Sujets

• HIStory
• New Mexico

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• Publié par: les_archives_du_savoir
• Nombre de lectures: 6
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 10 Mo

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19147
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PUBLICATIONS
IN
HISTORY
Vol. No. 295-392 19141, 3, pp. April 24,
THE BEGINNINGS OF SPANISH
SETTLEMENT IN THE EL PASO DISTRICT
BY
ANNE E. HUGHES
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS
BERKELEYUNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PUBLICATIONS
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and 1911 1.25translation.] August,duction, Spanish text,UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PUBLICATIONS
IN
HISTORY
3VOL. 1 No.
THE BEGINNINGS OF SPANISH
IN THE EL PASO DISTRICTSETTLEMENT
BY
ANNE E. HUGHES
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS
BERKELEY
1914April,THE BEGINNINGS OF SPANISH
3SETTLEMENT IN THE EL PASO DISTRICT
ANNE E. HUGHES
I. INTRODUCTORY: SPANISH EXPANSION INTO NEW MEXICO
AND VIZCAYA2NUEVA
A view of the movements of Newgeneral colonizing Spain
on her northern those the develfrontier, particularly affecting
of the of New Mexico and Nueva isopment provinces Vizcaya,
for a clear and a true valuation of thenecessary comprehension
of settlement in the El Paso district. Thebeginnings Spanish
of the latter in was a naturaloccupation region, fact, sequence
of the and of those twogrowth development provinces.
1. Advance the West Coast Mexico. the sixDuringup of
teenth two lines of to New Mexico from thecentur}^ approach
south were The first of these was the route the westopened. up
the states of Sinaloa and thecoast, through present Sonora, up
Sonora River and down the San Pedro River to the andGila,
of New Mexico.thence across Arizona to the Pueblo region
this was followedthe of least routeOffering path resistance, by
who tothe first adventurous and zealous priests soughtcaptains
the interior. The of Culiacanpenetrate occupation by Guzman,
and thethe of Sonora Juan de Asuncion,exploration by Fray
1 This was written under the direction of Professor Herbert E.paper
Bolton.
2 This introduction is based on Bancroft s North Mexican Stateschiefly
and Bancroft s Arizona and New s Cronica de laTexas; Mexico; Arlegui
Provincia de N. S. P. S. Francisco de Charles W. Hackett s "TheZacatecas;
Revolt of the Pueblo Indians of New Mexico in 1680" in the Quarterly
of the Texas State Historical vol. no. vol. nos. 2Association, 15, 2, 16,
and and s in Doc. de vol.Onate Ineditos3; "Diario", Indias, 16, pp.
240-244.l296 Publications in [VOL.University of California History
of Marcos Niza acrossde Arizona to alljourney Fray Zuni,
the for the of Newpaved way spectacular military occupation
Mexico de who in 1540 and 1541 traversedby Vasquez Coronado,
and New subdued the PuebloSonora, Arizona, Mexico, tribes,
and crossed the northeastward to latitudeplains perhaps 40,
but returned to Mexico without established ahaving permanent
settlement. The fruits of these were andexpeditions meager,
four decades of in New Mexicaninactivity exploration followed,
due in to a revolt of the native tribes of Nueva Galicia andpart
in to the of rich minerals in Zaeatecas and northpart discovery
ern Durango.
2. Advance the Central Plateau. the last half ofup Though
the sixteenth was a of as thecentury period regardsinactivity
and settlement of New a new and more directexploration Mexico,
line of to that of the centralapproach region by way great
of Mexico was marked out the men who wereplateau being by
for the rich silver Fromand ofsearching gold deposits Durango.
and other northern innumerGuadalajara, Queretaro, outposts,
able set out to the north and northwest in searchexploring parties
of and soon the centers of Guanajuato,minerals, great mining
San Andres and Santa BarbaraZacatecas, Avifio,Inde, Panuco,
into existence. the side of the went thesprang By explorer
the Jesuit fathers missions at Parras andmissionary, founding
and in the of thePapasquiaro general following westerly edge
and the Franciscan fathers of and Zacatecasplateau, Guadalajara
missions at Nombre de Cuen-Dios,founding Durango, Topia,
and San and in thecame, Satillo, Bartolome, general following
half of the Behind the miner andeasterly plateau. missionary,
moved tothe ranchman and settler northward Sombrerete,
Nombre de and San Luis andDios, Durango ; Potosi, Parras,
Saltillo. the middle of the the of NuevaBy century province
Galicia and the alcaldia of Zacatecas were settled in thismayor
and their boundaries and in 1561 the newway roughly defined;
of Nueva which included the modern Durango,province Vizcaya,
and was carved out of theSinaioa,Chihuahua, Coahuila, Sonora,
north Ibarra. The advance was so that 1580bygreat by rapid