The effects of a small low-head dam on benthic invertebrate communities and particulate organic matter storage in the Ilm stream (Thuringia, Germany) [Elektronische Ressource] / von Jens Arle

Arle Raboteau

Sujets

• Biologie

Informations

• Publié par: friedrich-schiller-universitat_jena
• Publié le: 01 janvier 2005
• Nombre de lectures: 32
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 4 Mo

Extrait

The effects of a small low-head dam on benthic
invertebrate communities and particulate organic
matter storage in the Ilm stream
(Thuringia / Germany)
Dissertation
zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades
doctor rerum naturalium (Dr. rer. nat.)
vorgelegt dem
Rat der Biologisch-Pharmazeutischen-Fakultät
der Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena
von
Jens Arle
geboren am 19. Februar 1975 in Gera
Jena, im Januar 2005Contents i
Table of contents
Chapter 1
General introduction
1. Introduction...................................................................................................... 1
Chapter 2
The effects of a small dam on invertebrate communities and the
distribution of particulate organic matter storage (POM)
2.1 Introduction...................................................................................................... 7
2.2 Methods........................................................................................................... 10
2.3 Results ............................................................................................................ 21
2.3.1 Abiotic parameters .......................................................................................... 21
2.3.2 Spatial and seasonal variability of invertebrate communities.......................... 23
2.3.3 Functional feeding group structure and community composition .................... 25
2.3.4 Pool-Riffle comparison for invertebrate community variables ......................... 26
2.3.5 Spatial and seasonal variability of particulate organic matter (POM).............. 27
2.3.6 Relationship between invertebrate community variables and POM ................ 29
2.3.7 Influence of environmental factors on invertebrate community composition... 29
2.4 Discussion....................................................................................................... 32
Chapter 3
The dam as a barrier – effects on invertebrate assemblages and
downstream drift.
3.1 Introduction...................................................................................................... 41
3.2 Methods........................................................................................................... 43
3.2.1 Study part I - Invertebrate assemblages on stones......................................... 43
3.2.2 Study part II - Invertebrate downstream drift and seston transport ................. 48
3.3 Results ............................................................................................................ 51
3.3.1 Invertebrate assemblages on stones .............................................................. 51
3.3.2 Invertebrate downstream drift and seston transport........................................ 54
3.4 Discussion....................................................................................................... 57
3.4.1 Is 57
3.4.2 I 61Contentsii
Chapter 4
The effects of multiple impoundments on the longitudinal zonation of
benthic invertebrates
4.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................... 65
4.2 Methods ........................................................................................................... 66
4.3 Results ............................................................................................................. 72
4.4 Discussion........................................................................................................ 76
Chapter 5
Experiments on invertebrate feeding and detritus processing
5.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................... 81
5.2 Methods ........................................................................................................... 85
5.3 Results 94
5.3.1 Abiotic changes during the experiments .......................................................... 94
5.3.2 Survival and growth ......................................................................................... 94
5.3.3 Leaf mass loss ................................................................................................. 96
5.3.4 Amount and composition of particles generated during leaf breakdown.......... 97
5.3.5 Chemical and isotopical changes during the experiments............................... 99
5.4 Discussion........................................................................................................ 106
6. General discussion........................................................................................ 117
7. Summary / Zusammenfassung..................................................................... 127
7.1 Summary.......................................................................................................... 127
7.2 Zusammenfassung .......................................................................................... 130
8. References...................................................................................................... 135
8.1 Literature cited ................................................................................................. 135
Invertebrate identification keys ........................................................................8.2 154
Appendix......................................................................................................... 157
Appendix A – Chapter 2................................................................................... 158
Appendix B – Chapter 3 164
Appendix C – Chapter 4 169
Appendix D – Chapter 5 171
Danksagung ................................................................................................... 181
Curriculum vitae / Lebenslauf....................................................................... 183
Selbstständigkeitserklärung......................................................................... 187Contents iii
List of Tables
Chapter 2
Table 2.1 Environmental characteristics of the study sites ...................................... 22
Chapter 3
Table 3.1 Major biotic variables (Minimum, Maximum, Mean ± 1 S.D.) for
invertebrate assemblages and the organic content of the stones
sampled ................................................................................................... 51
Table 3.2 Physical and chemical conditions measured during drift sampling.......... 54
Table 3.3 Biotic and abiotic drift variables (Mean ± 1 S.D.) measured at the
sample sites............................................................................................. 56
Chapter 4
Table 4.1 Physical, chemical, geographical and geomorphological characteristics
at the sampling stations along the Ilm profile........................................... 67
Table 4.2 The four categories used to rank the invertebrates by their abundance.. 68
Table 4.3 The eight categories, their codes and rank scores used for analysis ...... 69
Table 4.4 The seven flow preference categories, their codes and a description of
the categories used for analysis ................................................................ 71
Table 4.5 The eight habitat-preference categories used in this study ..................... 71
Table 4.6 Invertebrate taxon richness at seven sampling stations along the
longitudinal profile of the Ilm during 1992-93........................................... 72
Chapter 5
Table 5.1 The leaf material fractions analyzed in this study .................................... 91
Table 5.2 Survival (%) of G.pulex and B. rhodani in the experiments ..................... 94
Table 5.3 The amount of particles generated during breakdown experiments
relative to leaf mass initially added and relative to leaf mass loss........... 98
Table 5.4 Chemical and isotopical composition of the leaf materials and the
changes observed during leaching experiments...................................... 99Contentsiv
List of Figures
Chapter 2
Figure 2.1 Maps of Germany, Thuringia and a schematic view to the study sites
(SS1 to SS4), the dam is located within the town Stadtilm (11°05´ E,
50°46´ N, 360 m a.s.l.)........................................................................... 10
Figure 2.2 Map of the Ilm section, containing the four study sites.......................... 11
Figure 2.3 A picture of the dam investigated in this study. (View from the site
immediately downstream)...................................................................... 12
Figure 2.4 Discharge at the permanent gauge Gräfinau-Angstedt 10 km up-
stream from the study area from 1. January 2000 to 30. October
2002....................................................................................................... 13
Figure 2.5 Schematic view of the Hess-Sampler used in this study ....................... 16
Figure 2.6 Means (± 1 S.D.) for invertebrate density (A), biomass (B),
Simpson`s index of diversity (C), expected taxon richness (D),
number of taxa (E) and number of invertebrate eggs (F) during four
seasons at the four sampling sites ........................................................ 24
Figure 2.7 Relative abundance of functional feeding groups based on the
averaged abundance from all samples.................................................. 25
Figure 2.8 Means (± 1 S.D.) for total POM (A,B), CPOM (C,D) and FP