The feebly inhibited: Nomadism, or the wandering impulse, with special reference to heredity, Inheritance of temperament

Charles Benedict Davenport

Sujets

• Heredity
• Tempérament

Informations

• Publié par: les_archives_du_savoir
• Nombre de lectures: 6
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 10 Mo

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THE FEEBLY INHIBITED
NOMADISM,ORTHEWANDERINGIMPULSE,
WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO
HEREDITY
INHERITANCE OF TEMPERAMENT
BY
Charles B. Davenport
Director Department Experimental Evolutionof of
Harborat Cold Spring
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WASHINGTON, D. C.
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THE FEEBLY INHIBITED
NOMADISM,ORTHEWANDERINGIMPULSE,
WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO
HEREDITY
INHERITANCE OF TExMPERAMENT
BY
Charles B. Davenport
Director Departmentof of Experimental Evolution
at Cold Spring Harbor
THIS BOOK IS DUE ON THE DATE
INDICATED BELOW AND IS SUB-
OVERDUE FINE ASJECT TO AN
POSTED AT THE CIRCULATION
DESK.
JUN 72 199ft!
WASHINGTON, D
the CarnegiePublished by Institu
191
IOOM'5-79OF WASHINGTONCARNEGIE INSTITUTION
No.Publication 236.
Evolution atPaper No. 24 of the Station for Experimental
Harbor, YorkCold Spring New
PRESS OF GIBSON BROTHERS. INC
WASHINGTON, D. C..
PREFACE.
The two studies included in the present volume are the second and
third, respectively, series studiesof a of on the Feebly Inhibited. The
first (on Violent Temper and its Inheritance) was published in the
of Nervous and Mental Diseases forJournal September These1915.
studies—of which two are in preparation—are principally the outcome
of the analysis of a large amount of data collected by trained "eugenics
field-workers" acting in connection with various State institutions, and
above all with those for wayward girls. Acknowledgment is due to
those superintendents and the field-workersto who have co-operated
in The following institutionsthe study. paid part of the expense of
collecting the data:
1 State Industrial School for Girls, Lancaster, Massachusetts; Mrs. Amy
Mrs.F. Everall, Superintendent ; G. W. Hathaway and Dr. Wilhel-
mine E. Key, field-workers.
for Girls,2. New Jersey State Home Trenton, New Mrs.Jersey;
Mansell, Superintendent;Elizabeth V. H. Miss Z. Udell, field-E.
worker.
New State Village for Epileptics; Dr. David F.3. Jersey Weeks, Super-
intendent; Mrs. D. F. Woodward and MissL. Sadie C. Devitt,
field-workers.
New Home for Feeble-minded Women; Dr. Madeline4. Jersey Hallowell,
Superintendent; Miss Helen T. Reeves, field-worker.
The Glen Mills (Pennsylvania) Schools, Girls' Department; Miss5.
Martha P. Falconer, Superintendent ; Miss Ruth Wanger, field-
worker.
The cost of training the field-workers was met by Mrs. H. Harri-E.
man, founder and principal patron of the Eugenics Record Office, and
Mr. John D. Rockefeller, who paid also the salaries of many of the
field-workers. This generous assistance is gratefully acknowledged.
A word may be said as to the term "feebly inhibited" used in these
fit term to stand withstudies. It was selected as a as co-ordinate
result of conviction that the"feeble-minded" and as the a phenomena
with which it deals should properly be considered apart from those of
feeble-mindedness. There is no question of the well-developed intelli-
gence of some of these feebly inhibited individuals. No doubt the
to cover these emotionalcontent of the term mind could be stretched
phenomena; practically, I think it helps to consider separately the
heredity basis of the intellect and the emotions. It is in this conviction
that these studies are submitted for thoughtful consideration. For,
after all, the chief problem in administering society is that of disordered
emotions, and the quality of theconduct, conduct is controlled by
tinged by the hereditary constitutionemotions is strongly
B. Davenport.C.
1.....
CONTENTS.
Nomadism, or the Wandering Impulse, with Special Reference
to Heredity.
PAG8
I. Scope of the subject-matter and nomenclature 7
II. Classification of nomadism 8
III. The wandering instinct 9
1. The wandering instinct in anthropoid apes 9
2. The among primitive peoples 10
The instinct in children 123.
Wandering in adolescents 124.
IV. The family history of nomads: Importance, sources, and classification 12
V. Tables showing distribution of the nomadic tendency in the 100 family histories
(tables 1 to 8) 14
VI. Inheritance of the nomadic tendency 20
1 Hypothesis 20
2. Test of the hypothesis (table 219)
VII. occupationsNomadic 24
VIII. Association nomadicof the impulse with psychoses 24
IX. Summary 26
X. Literature cited 26
Appendix—Abstracts of 100 family histories nomadsof 27
Inheritance of Temperament with Special Reference to
Twins and Suicides.
I. Introduction 71
II. Definition 71
1 The hyperkinetic state 71
2. The hypokinetic (depressed) state 73
3. The alternation of hyperkinesis and hypokinesis 73
4. "Normal" mood 74
General facts of heredity5. 75
III. Hypothesis as to heredity 75
IV. Test of the hypothesis 75
1 Method 75
2. Results 81
Discussion of table C; the apparently unconformable cases 883.
The behavior of the choleric-cheerful4. 93
Conclusion5 94
V. Discussion of earlier studies on heredity of temperament 95
drawn from studies of identical twins. 100VI. Evidence for inheritance of temperament
VII. Selection temperaments in marriage 106of
VIII. Suicide in relation to temperament 108
1 Introduction 108
2. Suicides in hyperkinetics 109
113 in hypokinetics3.
114The inheritance of these two types of suicides4.
suicidal impulse 116IX. The specificity of the
categories of functional insanity 118X. Remarks on the
and the hypokinetics in the population—the romantic andXI. The hyperkinetics
classic types 119the
-' 1XII. Summary 1
IXIII. Literature cited »3
3CONTENTS.4
packAPPENDIX
legends of the families studied 125Pedigree charts and descriptive 89
LIST OF TABLES.
mixture of excited and depressed—Zygotic formulae of descendants of aTable A.
(>strains 7
offspring corre-distributions of temperaments in theB.—Most probable
zygoticmake-up of thesponding to each combination of temperamental
parents : 79
matings compared with hypo-C.—Distribution of progeny of the various
82thetical expectation
Sums from table C 89D.—Comparison of
comparison of the actual frequency of various matings with expected fre-E.—A
quency on the assumption of mating at random 107NOMADISM,ORTHEWANDERINGIMPULSE,
WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO
HEREDITY
BY
Charles B. Davenport
Director Department Experimental Evolutionof of
at Cold Spring Harbor