The paleostress history of the Central European basin system [Elektronische Ressource] / Judith Sippel

Sippel

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• Publié par: freie_universitat_berlin
• Publié le: 01 janvier 2009
• Nombre de lectures: 24
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 38 Mo

Extrait

Judith Sippel
The Paleostress History of the
Central European Basin System
Scientific Technical Report STR09/06
ISSN 1610-0956 www.gfz-potsdam.de
STR09/06
Judith Sippel, The Paleostress History of the Central European Basin SystemJudith Sippel
The Paleostress History of the
Central European Basin System
Dissertation
zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades
doctor rerum naturalium (Dr. rer. nat.)
im Fachbereich Geowissenschaften
an der Freien Universität Berlin
2009
1. Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Onno Oncken, Helmholtz-Zentrum Potsdam
Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ, Freie Universität Berlin
2. Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Klaus Reicherter, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule
Aachen (RWTH)
Mitglieder der Kommission:
Prof. Dr. M. Handy, Freie Universität Berlin
Prof. Dr. S. Shapiro, Freie Universität Berlin
Dr. M. Scheck-Wenderoth, Helmholtz-Zentrum Potsdam
Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
Impressum
Telegrafenberg
D-14473 Potsdam
Scientific Technical Report STR09/06
Gedruckt in Potsdam
August 2009
ISSN 1610-0956
Die vorliegende Arbeit
in der Schriftenreihe
Scientific Technical Report (STR) des GFZ
ist in elektronischer Form erhältlich unter
www.gfz-potsdam.de - Neuestes - Neue
Publikationen des GFZ
Imprint
Telegrafenberg
D-14473 Potsdam
Printed in Potsdam, Germany
November 2008
ISSN 1610-0956
This work is published in the GFZ series
Scientific Technical Report (STR)
and is open accessible available at:
www.gfz-potsdam.de - News - GFZ
PublicationsJudith Sippel
The Paleostress History of the
Central European Basin System
Dissertation
zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades
doctor rerum naturalium (Dr. rer. nat.)
im Fachbereich Geowissenschaften
an der Freien Universität Berlin
2009
1. Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Onno Oncken, Helmholtz-Zentrum Potsdam
Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ, Freie Universität Berlin
2. Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Klaus Reicherter, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule
Aachen (RWTH)
Mitglieder der Kommission:
Prof. Dr. M. Handy, Freie Universität Berlin
Prof. Dr. S. Shapiro, Freie Universität Berlin
Dr. M. Scheck-Wenderoth, Helmholtz-Zentrum Potsdam
Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
Impressum
Telegrafenberg
D-14473 Potsdam
Scientific Technical Report STR09/06
Gedruckt in Potsdam
August 2009
ISSN 1610-0956
Die vorliegende Arbeit
in der Schriftenreihe
Scientific Technical Report (STR) des GFZ
ist in elektronischer Form erhältlich unter
www.gfz-potsdam.de - Neuestes - Neue
Publikationen des GFZ
Scientific Technical Report STR 09/06
DOI: 10.2312/GFZ.b103-09069 Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
Imprint
Telegrafenberg
D-14473 Potsdam
Printed in Potsdam, Germany
November 2008
ISSN 1610-0956
This work is published in the GFZ series
Scientific Technical Report (STR)
and is open accessible available at:
www.gfz-potsdam.de - News - GFZ
Publications
































to my family
Scientific Technical Report STR 09/06
DOI: 10.2312/GFZ.b103-09069 Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
Scientific Technical Report STR 09/06
DOI: 10.2312/GFZ.b103-09069 Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZContents

Abstract

Zusammenfassung

1 Introduction 5
1.1 Paleostress analysis 7
1.2 Geological Setting of the CEBS 8
1.3 Study areas 11
1.3.1 The southern margin of the CEBS 11
1.3.2 The Oslo Graben area 16

2 Fault-slip analysis and paleostress reconstruction 20
2.1 Basics 20
2.1.1 Multiple Inverse Method (MIM; Yamaji, 2000) 23
2.1.2 PBT-axes Method (PBT; Sperner et al., 1993) 24
2.2 A new strategy for stress inversion from (heterogeneous) fault-slip data 25
2.2.1 Stress Inversion Via Simulation (SVS) 25
2.2.2 Stress inversion by MIM and simulation - a comparative test 29
2.2.3 Discussion 31
2.2.4 Summary 32
2.3 From local fault-slip data to regional stress fields 35
2.3.1 Data acquisition 35
2.3.2 presentation 36
2.3.3 Data correction
2.3.4 Stress inversion
2.3.5 Constraints on the chronology of stress states 37

3 Structural evolution of the CEBS – state of the art 42
3.1 Initial rift phase 42
3.2 Post-rift phase of thermal subsidence 43
3.3 Mid-Triassic – Jurassic phase of E-W extension 45
3.4 Mid-Jurassic phase of uplift 46
3.5 Late Jurassic – Early Cretaceous phase of localized subsidence 47
3.6 Late Cretaceous – Early Tertiary phase of inversion 48
3.7 Cenozoic subsidence and transition to present-day stress conditions 50
3.8 Salt tectonics 51

4 The southern margin of the CEBS 53
4.1 Estimated paleostress tensors 53
4.2 Analysis of chronological indicators 62
4.2.1 Faulting vs. folding 63
4.2.2 Stress states vs. large-scale structures - the Osning Lineament area 71
4.2.3 Oblique stress states 72
4.3 Cross-outcrop correlation of paleostress states 77
4.3.1 Consistencies between folding and faulting 77
4.3.2 Locally estimated chronologies of paleostress states 78
4.3.3 Consistencies in the directions of principal axes 81
4.4 Regional vs. local phenomena 84
4.4.1 Compressional stress states 84
Scientific Technical Report STR 09/06
DOI: 10.2312/GFZ.b103-09069 Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ4.4.2 Strike-slip stress states with a N- to NE-directed maximum compression 86
4.4.3 Strike-slip stress states with a W- to NNW-directed maximum compression 88
4.4.4 Tensional stress states postdating compressional or strike-slip stress states 90
4.4.5 Local phenomena 91
4.5 Discussion 93
4.5.1 Chronology 93
4.5.2 Mechanisms 96
4.6 Summary and conclusions 100

5 The Oslo Graben area 101
5.1 The Oslo Graben as part of the Oslo Rift System 101
5.1.1 Geometry and structure of the Oslo Rift System 101
5.1.2 Permo-Carboniferous rift evolution 102
5.1.3 Post-rift evolution 103
5.2 Estimated paleostress states 103
5.2.1 Direct constraints on the relative timing of stress states 109
5.2.2 Regional implications 109
5.3 Discussion 123
5.3.1 Chronology 123
5.3.2 Mechanisms 124
5.4 Conclusions 127

6 Synthesis 129

7 References 135

8 Acknowledgements 149



Parts of Chapters 2 and 4 are already in press in the following journal:

Paleostress states at the south-western margin of the Central European Basin System -
application of fault-slip analysis to unravel a polyphase deformation pattern
Sippel, J., Scheck-Wenderoth, M., Reicherter, K. and Mazur, S.
Tectonophysics (in press), available online since April 2008,
DOI: 10.1016/j.tecto.2008.04.010
Scientific Technical Report STR 09/06
DOI: 10.2312/GFZ.b103-09069 Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZAbstract

The Central European Basin System (CEBS) in North Central Europe is a complex
intracontinental system of sedimentary basins that evolved through several geodynamic
phases since Late Carboniferous times. At present, the basin system is framed by the
Tornquist Zone in the north and the Elbe Fault System in the south. The main structural
configuration of the basin system is well established due to decades of scientific research and
intense industrial exploration for mineral resources. The scope of this PhD thesis is to assess
which paleostress fields controlled the evolution of the basin system.
The base for the present study is provided by fault-slip data (striated fault planes with known
sense of slip) measured in outcrops of two structural domains: along the Elbe Fault System as
part of the inverted southern margin of the CEBS (906 fault-slip data) and in the Oslo Graben
area located north of the Tornquist Zone (2191 data). The first part of this thesis (Chapter 2)
introduces a new strategy for estimating paleostress states from heterogeneous sets of fault-
slip data (Stress Inversion Via Simulation, SVS). This stepwise technique combines two well
established methods, the PBT-axes-Method (Sperner et al., 1993) and the Multiple Inverse
Method (Yamaji, 2000), with a final simulation of stress states (Yamaji & Sato, 2005). The
simulation allows interactively fitting the parameters of a ‘reduced stress tensor’ comprisi