The degree of similarity in the economics of the EEC countries 1975 and 1970-1981

Eurostat European Commission

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Economic policy - Economic and Monetary Union
Economy and finance

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• Publié par: EUROSTAT-EUROPEAN-COMMISSION
• Nombre de lectures: 13
• EAN13: 928254950
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 3 Mo

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THE DEGREE OF SIMILARITY IN THE ECONOMICS
OF THE EEC COUNTRIES 1975 AND 1970/1981
LE DEGRÉ DE SIMILITUDE DES ÉCONOMIES %
DES PAYS DE LA C E E 1975 ET 1970/1981
i
Studies of national accounts ι—ι Λ
Études de comptabilité nationale I Ι Ό eurostat
DE EUROPÆISKE FÆLLESSKABERS STATISTISKE KONTOR
STATISTISCHES AMT DER EUROPÄISCHEN GEMEINSCHAFTEN
ΣΤΑΤΙΣΤΙΚΗ ΥΠΗΡΕΣΙΑ ΤΩΝ ΕΥΡΩΜΑΪΚΩΝ ΚΟΙΝΟΤΗΤΩΝ
STATISTICAL OFFICE OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES
OFFICE STATISTIQUE DES COMMUNAUTÉS EUROPÉENNES
ISTITUTO STATISTICO DELLE COMUNITÀ EUROPEE
BUREAU VOOR DE STATISTIEK DER EUROPESE GEMEENSCHAPPEN
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Deze publikatie is verkrijgbaar bij de verkoopkantoren waarvan de adressen op blz. 3 van het omslag vermeld zijn. THE DEGREE OF SIMILARITY IN THE ECONOMICS
OF THE EEC COUNTRIES 1975 AND 1970/1981
LE DEGRÉ DE SIMILITUDE DES ÉCONOMIES
DES PAYS DE LA CEE 1975 ET 1970/1981
This publication has been prepared by
Cette n a été préparée par
Marco Pecci-Boriani
of the Statistical Office of the European Communities
de l'Office statistique des Communautés européennes
Studies of national accounts ötuaietls ι—ι /»
Études de comptabilité nationale I I O Cataloguing data can be found at the end of this publication
Une fiche bibliographique figure à la fin de l'ouvrage
Manuscript completed in September 1984
Manuscrit terminé en septembre 1984
Luxembourg: Office des publications officielles des Communautés européennes, 1984
ISBN 92-825-4950-X
Cat.:CA-40-84-852-2A-C
© CECA — CEE — CEEA, Bruxelles-Luxembourg, 1984
Printed in Belgium PREFACE
The Statistical Office of the European Communities regularly publishes
annual national accounts data for the Community countries broken up
into four main series : principal aggregates, data by branch, by
institutional sector and for general government. Some quarterly
estimates and five-yearly input-output tables are also published. The
data are harmonized in accordance with the European system of
integrated economic accounts, which supplies common definitions and
classifications intended to ensure a coherent quantitative description
of the economies of the member countries.
This series 'Studies in national accounts' aims to supplement the
existing system of publications through occasional methodological
studies and analyses of the data, made by the staff of the Office or
outside consultants.
The methodological studies are intended primarily for the more
specialized user. They will deal with problem areas in the existing
accounts or possible extensions to the accounts. The analyses will
concentrate on the interpretation and use of the existing statistics as
well as introducing new data on a provisional basis in fields in which
there are as yet no harmonized figures.
The aim of all the studies is to lead to an improvement in the quality
of the data and a better understanding of the ways in which they can be
used.
The series will appear on a regular basis and contain an average of
three to four studies every year. Studies will always be published in
English and French and possibly the original language of the study
where it is different from these.
The opinions expressed in the studies are the sole responsibility of
the author and do not commit the Statistical Office or the Commission
in any way. Contents
Page
Introduction 7
Part one : The situation in 1975
1. Comparability of the input-output tables, or the typology of the branches. 9
2. Similarities in the structures of the inputs, or the diversity among the countries. 14
3. Differences in the degree of interdependence between branches, or an explanation
of the differences in production levels. 19
4. Intra-branch transfers, or who works for whom. 22
5. Obligatory imports, or the importance of imports for exporting.
Part two: Developments between 1970 and 1981
6. The structure of final demand. 35
7. Thee of production.8
7.1 Occupied population.
7.2 Value added at constant prices. 40
7.3 Productivity.2
ANNEXES
Nomenclatures, codes and abbreviations5
Tables for chapter 5 97
Graphs for part two 10
Le texte français commence à la page 49. Introduction
This number of the series of studies in national accounts will try to take
the information which has been collected and disseminated by Eurostat
within the framework of the data on transactions on goods and services in
the European System of Integrated Economic Accounts and make it "speak",
so as to provide answers to the following two questions :
- To what extent does the structure of final demand and that of production
resemble in the different countries ?
- Over the period 1970-81 has the degree of bilateral similarity between
these structures in the different countries increased or diminished ?
To answer the first question we have used as a starting point for our
calculations the input-output tables for 1975. These give a detailed and
reliable picture of the economic structures in the EEC countries, for
which we have been able to extract from the tables concise information on
similarities in structural patterns in the Member States, based on a much
more exhaustive presentation of the economic process than is usually
avai Lab Le.
To answer the second question, since annual input-output tables were not
available, we have had to use the data relating to the aggregates and the
analytical tables produced each year in connection with the ESA.
The use of the tables relating to 1975 naturally raises the problems that
the data are out of date and that this year could be considered abnormal
since it is recognized as having been the lowest point of the recession.
With regard to the question of the tables being out of date in themselves,
we can assume that the trends taken from the time series are a reliable
reflection of the trends in the more fundamental relationships described
in the input-output tables.
As for the year 1975 being an abnormal year, the same time series provide
some facts in reply. As the graphs plotting the trend of the similarity
indices for the period 1970-81 show a deviation for 1975 from what is
otherwise almost a straight line, we can conclude that this year is
abnormal, at least from the point of view of similarities in structure.
The answer differs according to whether we are concerned with the
structure of final demand or that of production. With regard to the structure of production 1975 does not seem to have been
a particularly abnormal year. The similarity indices for the occupied
population show no particular variations and even those relating to value
added at constant prices do not show any anomalies, except for the indices
comparing Denmark with the other countries (see graphs 21-26).
Final demand is a different matter. In this case there is a marked
anomalous trend for 1975 for most of the indices relating to the various
pairs of countries (see graphs 1-12). This deviation is in the direction
of greater similarity between the countries, as if the effect of the
recession were a type of adjustment of final demand which was similar in
the different countries.
This is due to the fact that in a year of general restriction of final
demand a number of components, such as the consumption of general
government, did not show a decline and therefore acquired relatively more
weight in all the countries.
Lastly, as a general observation it should be noted that the analyses of
the similarities between the economic structures of the countries produce
results which are easy to interpret only when they are applied to pairs of
countries which are of comparable size.
The factor which distinguishes a "small" country from a "large" country is
the relative weight of external trade, with different specialized products
in each case which, a priori, are naturally more numerous in the case of
the small countries.
The reader will find at the end of the volume a full description of the
codes and the abbreviations used in the text and their exact definition.