Chosen People

John Allegro

Description

The Chosen People tells the history of the Jews from the conquest of Jersualem by Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon in 587 B.C.E. to the Second Jewish Revolt of C.E. 132. John Allegro bases his account on traditional texts - books of the Old Testament, Josephus, Philo Judaeus, Dio Cassius, and others - and sets out the complicated parade of plots, counter-plots, betrayals, and insurrections in a brisk and highly readable sequence. His main theme is how the conception of the Jewish nation as a divinely chosen race was planted as a political ambition among the exiled Jews. Bringing together old customs and stories, the idea was fired by the longing of the Babylonian Jews for their traditional homeland. Many of them grew prosperous outside Palestine, and their wealthy communities manipulated the wish for identity in the idea of an exclusive Judaism embodied as a political state and fighting for autonomy against local and imperial neighbors - more dream than fact. The author writes that "When the 'new Judaism' came to be hammered out after the return from captivity, it was around these ancient customs and a historicized mythology that it was fashioned." The religion was devised not, as popularly presented, by gift of the desert god Yahweh who had manifested himself in opposition to the Canaanite fertility god Baal but by reinterpreting the Sumerian idea of a life-giving god over many generations. For there was no fundamental opposition - the god-names originally meant the same. This second edition features a new introduction by James M. Donovan.

Sujets

• Jewish studies

Informations

• Publié par: Andrews UK
• Date de parution: 06 mars 2015
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9780989328043
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 2 Mo

Extrait

Contents

Pubîse ïomaîo                  îî ïoucîo o e Seco Eîîo          îîî Peace                           xî

Auo’s ïoucîo                  1 1: Oîgîs a Exîe                  19 2: he Reu                      30 3: Buîîg e Was                  44 4: he Geek Ecame              56 5: he Maccabees                    70 6: he Rîse a Fa o “he Hamme”        83 7: Jo Hycaus                    93 8: Aexae Jaaeus a he Paîsees      106 9: Ee Rome                      122 10: Aîpae, he ïumaea Fox           136 11: he Scooîg o Heo              150 12: Heo, Kîg o he Jews              166 13: Heo’s Womeok                175 14: Po a Coue-Po               191 15: Rome’s Tîgeîg Gîp              204 16: Zeaos a Sîcaîî                 219 17: Heo Agîppa                   232 18: Agîppa ïï a he Pocuaos          244 19: he Fa o Jeusaem                257 20: So o he Sa                   268

Suggese Fue Reaîg              282

THE CHOSEN PEOPLE

A Suy o Jewîs Hîsoy om e Tîme o he Exîe Uî he Revo o Ba Koceba Sîx Ceuy BC o Seco Ceuy AD

SECOND EDITION

Jo M Aego

Publiser Information

Pubîse î 2015 by ROUSSEAU, ETC Pîkeo, Oîo wwwousseau-eccom Dîgîa eîîo covee a îsîbue î 2015 by Aews UK îmîe wwwaewsukcom Oîgîa ex by Jo Maco Aego a îoucîo o seco eîîo by James M Doova Cove esîg by Ceîo Peeîa Cavao Cove poogap:sunse sky©wwweebîgpîcuescom Ackowegmes om e Is eîîo: Messs Wîîam Heîema , o pemîssîo o quoe om e Egîs asaîos î eî oeb eîîos o Josepus; Messs Ewa Ao o e quoaîo om E Beva’she House o Seleucus, î(1902) p 207, î c ïV Bîbîca quoaîos ae mosy om e Revîse Saa Vesîo by pemîssîo o homas Neso a Sos , a om e Auoîse Vesîo o e Apocypa A îgs eseve No pa o îs pubîcaîo may be epouce, soe î a eîeva sysem, o asmîe, î ay om o by ay meas wîou e pîo wîe pemîssîo o e pubîse, o be oewîse cîcuae î ay om o bîîg o cove oe a a î wîc î îs pubîse a wîou a sîmîa coîîo beîg împose o e subseque pucase Ay peso wo oes so may be îabe o cîmîa posecuîo a cîvî caîms o amages

Introduction to te Second Edition

he bîbîogapîc eco o e Doubeay eîîo o Jo Aego’she Cosen People[TCP] mîos e compex îeecua bîogapy o îs auo Wîe e îe page ecos e book’s oicîa subîe,A Sudy o Jewîs Hîsory rom e Tîme o e Exîle unîl e Revol o Bar Koceba, Sîx Cenury B.C. o Second Cenury A.D., e cove sîkes a îfee oe:A Conroversîal Hîsory o e Jews As e ua eaîgs sugges, ougou îs caee Aego eîbeaey îe o spa, o aways successuy, e casm sepaaîg e commuîy o scoas a e auîece o popua eaes O e oe a e acaemîc esabîsme ofes oma egîîmacy a ego-vîîcaîg ecogîîo, îagîbes evey sue as bee aîe o vaue ove cass maeîa gaî Bu e ue powe o îve poîîca uîg a bueaucaîc suppo o eseac aîses om secuîg maîseam îees Aego appecîae îs ac moe a îs pees î, eve î e was o aways aep a Iîg a eicîe baace bewee especabîîy a popuaîy ï îs eageess o bîg aeîo o împoa pojecs e cou be oo asy î appeaîg o aypesos a e cos o aîeaîg e expes he Cosen People, Aego’s aemp o ucove e îsoîca souces o e wo’s euîg aî-Semîîsm, beas e maks o îs wîs o appea o wo îspaae eaesîps Aego’s Lue comma o e eeva pîmay îeaue îs moe a suicîe easo o îs agumes o be ake seîousy He kows weeo e speaks He spîs e eaîs, oweve, îo a soy moe akî o a gîppîg poboîe o paace îîgue a poîîca macîaîo a o a y ecîaîo o og-ogoe eves Reyîg upo î- ex cîaîos, Aego was scoe by evîewes o escewîg e uy oooe scoay appaaus usuay ou î suc seîous woks Ye î îs aguaby ese cocessîos o e ospecîaîs a make e ex so compeîg a uîmaey moe efecîve a coveyîg e auo’s boae essos

Jo Maco Aego (1923-1988) îs peaps bes kow o îs wok suyîg e Dea Sea Scos Juî Ae Bow, Aego’s auge, povîes îJon Marco Allegro: he Maverîck o e Dead Sea Scrolls(2005) a u escîpîo o îs îe a îeecua jouey Aego oîgîay îee o eceîve oîaîo î e Meoîs cuc, uî îs eLecîve oesy ove îm o eaîze a e cou o uge oe peope o aee o e ees o e aî uess e was ceaî abou e meaîg o e exs upo wîc e aîîo soo Suc quesîos e îm o eave e semîay a eo îsea î couses o Semîîc aguages hîs pobem o eaîg eîgîous beîe o eep eaîg o e cae exs wou guîe îs woe caee ï 1953, wîe sî a ocoa sue, Aego was seece as e Bîîs epeseaîve o e eam o eî a aayze e ecey îscovee Dea Sea Scos Poîg a Googe Ngam o îs ame, we see a a îîîa appoîme îggee e Is oîce o Aego Hîs ae împac, measue by cîaîos î pubîse books wîî e Googe aabase, saw ee peaks Two o ese, î 1957 a 1995, coespo wî îcease meîos o e Dea Sea Scos emseves, suggesîg a Aego’s îsîg poIe a ose îmes sou be aîbue o e ebb a Low o îscussîos o ose acîe exs Moe îeesîg o ou puposes îs a wîe meîos o e Dea Sea Scos geeay ecîe î e eay seveîes, Aego saw a spîke î îs popuaîy î 1973 Ceî o îs upîck mus be ue pîmaîy o e pubîcaîo î 1970 o îs coovesîa wok,he Sacred Musroom and e Cross[SMC], e book a Juî Ae Bow oîgy saes “uîe Jo’s caee” Reîgîo, accoîg o Aego, îs uameay a eîîy cu eeavoîg o maîpuae e îvîe powes oug ecsaîc îuas îvovîg e use o mî-aeîg musooms, specîIcay eAmanîa muscarîa, o Ly agaîc hîs Is asseîo îs o excessîvey coovesîa he eaîosîp bewee aee saes o coscîousess, waeve eî cause, a eîgîous îua as a soî scoay peîgee Casua peusa o my se yîes e

oowîg aom exampes: ïM ewîs (Ecsaîc Relîgîon: A Sudy o Samanîsm and Spîrî Possessîon, 3rd e, 2003); Gîbe Rouge (Musîc and Trance: A heory o Relaîons beween Musîc and Possessîon,1985); Cake Gae (Spîrî Possessîon and Popular Relîgîon: From e Camîsards o e Sakers, 1987); a Iay R Goo Wasso (Persepone’s Ques: Eneogens and e Orîgîns o Relîgîon, 1986) (Aego î ac was accuse o seaîg îs esîs om Wasso, a caîm îsceîe by Ja ïvî’she Holy Musroom (2009)) hîs îs cou be geay expae; e poî îs a e see îea wîî SMC aws upo a esabîse aîîo he caee-kîîg move was ow Aego eae îs îea o e îsoy o Is-ceuy Juaîsm he seces o pope cuîc pacîce wee, by eIîîo, kep îe, a aey wîe ow excep î e mos exîge cîcumsaces As e es e soy:

Suc a occasîo, we beîeve, was e Jewîs Revo o AD 66 ïsîgae pobaby by membes o e cu, swaye by eî ug-îuce maess o beîeve Go a cae em o mase e wo î îs ame, ey povoke e mîgy powe o Rome o swît a eîbe acîo Jeusaem was avage, e empe esoye Juaîsm was îsupe, a e peope îve o seek euge wî commuîîes aeay esabîse aou e Meîeaea coasas he mysey cus ou emseves wîou eî cea ou o auoîy, wî may o eî pîess kîe î e aboîve ebeîo o îve îo e ese he seces, î ey wee o o be os oeve, a o be commîe o wîîg, a ye, î ou, e ocumes mus gîve oîg away o beay ose wo sî ae ey e Roma auoîîes a coîue eî eîgîous pacîces (SMC, pp xîîî-xîv)

Due peaps o îs wok o e Scos, wîc eguay use coe ames o ee o îîvîuas a goups (James C VaeKam, he Dead Sea Scrolls Today, 2nd e, 2010), Aego may ave bee ope o e possîbîîy o sîmîa ayes wîî e Gospes Fom a vîew, e ebes’ souîo a bee o cococ a coe

soy “o a abbî cae Jesus, a îves îm wî e powe a ames o e magîc ug” Cîsîaîy, SMC agues, bega as a cospîacy o commuîcae musoom oe oug aegoy a wopay Howeve, e poî o e oax became ogoe: cu membes ook e cococe soîes îeay, eveope em îo e aaîve o a ew eîgîo, a cae î Cîsîaîy Wî e pubîcaîo o SMC, Aego soug o esoe o e wo e ue meaîg beî e Gospes; ee e oug e a ou e aswe o e quesîo a Is e îm away om e semîay so may yeas eaîe Aego ca be aue o e îeaess o îs caîms; exua aayses usuay ca o sote îepeîve oos He aso eîe oo muc o a sîge îe o agume Eve î îs pîoogîca agumes a bee uy covîcîg, a sîgîIca eap îs sî equîe o asse a as ae as 66 ey eLece acîve eîgîous beîes ae a îgeîg aces o moe pîmîîve begîîgs, a vocabuay o speakîg abou ceaî îeas wose oîgîs a bee og ogoe beoe Cîsîaîy emege Ha îs agume bee buesse by evîece om a socîa psycoogîca o cuua pespecîve, a suppo may ave eee îs eoy bo moe paaabe a moe easîbe ackîg suc backîg, a gîve e povocaîve asseîos e coîue o make – eg, e “woe o e Jesus soy îs quîe Icîoa” (TCP, 245) – Aego’s magum opus was eve o eceîve e seîous cosîeaîo e beîeve î eseve To escîbe TCP as a seque o e coovesîa SMC wou be a ovesaeme, aoug îs pubîcaîo oe yea atewas mîg sugges suc a eaîosîp he ex a poîs evîews e pîmay SMC esîs (Capes 1 a 16 paîcuay), bu ese cusoy meîos ae o cea o e pîmay goas o îs ae book A mos, Aego beîeves e musoom ypoesîs ceas e abe a makes oom o a ew appaîsa o Jewîs îsoy, bu eve îs sma coîbuîo poves uecessay o îs age ae We ea îe o oîg abou musooms uî e ee o expaî e eusîasm (peaps îea) o e Zeaos a wou îve

muc o e ama o e Ia capes ï îs boue coex o pooypîca eîgîous aaîcîsm e possîbîîy o a ug-îuce ezy sous quîe pausîbe A suvey o e coempoay evîewes, oweve, eveas a îgeîg obsessîo wî e SMC esîs o e exe a î eace om eî eaîg o e ew book As a cosequece TCP, oo, î o eceîve e acaemîc oîce a îs quaîy meîs a a Aego a ope o Peaps suicîe îsace om e SMC coovesy wî ow aowhe Cosen Peopleo be evauae o îs ow ems Aego’s pupose î îs book îs someîg quîe îfee om a eîeaîo o îs caîms coceîg ugus Hîs esîs coces e ages o eîgîous excusîveess a o pusuîg a poîîcs o sepaaîsm he Babyoîa Exîe oge amog e Jews a “ew pîosopy o acîa a eîgîous excusîveess” Expesse î e ocîe o e “Cose Peope,” wo a a specîa eaîosîp wî e eîy, puîy became e obsessîve coce Wîe oe “cuues a eî eoîc myoogy[,] oy e Jew mae îs îba eges epîsoes î e oe Go’s uoîg pa o a makî”

ï îs î îs îg a we ave o uesa e Iece îoeace a uessess o Neemîa’s measues [upo e eu om Babyo] o poec e suppose acîa puîy o e esoe commuîy î Paesîe Wîves o oeîg exacîo wee wece apa om eî usbas, cîe o mîxe maîages mae oucass, a e pîesoo was cease o “eveyîg oeîg” (Ne 13:23-30) hese eîbe was a Neemîa a Eza buî aou Juaîsm î e It ceuy beoe ou ea ave ase uî e pese ay Uwîîgy e mase- paes o Babyo a eî amîîsaîve a eîgîous execuos aî e ouaîo o a aî-Semîîsm wîc was eceo o bo e pages o uma îsoy (TCP, 61)

he ae ges seîousy ueway, oug, wî e evo by e Maccabees î 167 BC he coecîg eme îs a Jews o Jeusaem esîse e pîcîpe o eîgîous oeace a usuay seve o pacae e eîoîes coquee by successîve egemoîc egîmes Ue a poîcy popuaîos wee omay aowe o eaî eî oca gos bu expece aso o pay eeece o e sae’s eîîes î e ame o aîoa uîy Ove e ceuîes, oweve, e Jews emosae a uwîîgess o be subsume îo îs uîvesa cuue o o espec e eîgîous pacîces o oes as equa o eî ow ïsea, ey maîpuae opposîg empîes agaîs oe aoe, opîg o eave e Jewîs kîgom umoese o eaîze îs uîque esîy hîs saegy succeee uevey, a ee îsasousy wî e Ia evo o Ba Koceba (a Ba Kokba) î AD 132 “he kî o waae e Jewîs eeom-Iges a oce upo e Roma egîos boug îs îevîabe o î muua bîeess  Sma woe a e vey ame o ‘Jew’ was eeate a aaema o e Romas ï was baîse eve om e ame o e povîce [by Haîa], o be kow eceo as e a o e Pîîsîes, o ‘Paesîe’» (TCP, 300) he agume a e excusîoay pacîces equîe by e Jewîs aî ae e souce o aî-Semîîc aîues îs o ove ï îs evîew o acîe aî-Semîîsm, Jo Gage, o exampe, ecogîzes a aîîoa agume a “paga poemîc agaîs e Jews was ooe ‘î e specîa socîa cosequeces o e Jewîs eîgîous aw,’ a îs, eîgîous excusîveess a socîa sepaaîsm” (he Orîgîns o Anî-Semîîsm, 1983, p 19) Few scoas, oweve, ave epîce îs pase o e îsoy o aî-Semîîsm î moogapîc eaî Mos begî eî ow aes om e ouîg o Cîsîaîy, wîc îs ote ake as e ue souce o moe aî-Semîîsm, oy skîmmîg e paga pecusos î eî Is capes O îs scoe, e, Aego’s compeesîve eame î e pese voume îs a sîgua a vauabe coîbuîo o e îscussîo