Forced to Be Good

M. Hafner-Burton Emilie

Description

Preferential trade agreements have become common ways to protect or restrict access to national markets in products and services. The United States has signed trade agreements with almost two dozen countries as close as Mexico and Canada and as distant as Morocco and Australia. The European Union has done the same. In addition to addressing economic issues, these agreements also regulate the protection of human rights. In Forced to Be Good, Emilie M. Hafner-Burton tells the story of the politics of such agreements and of the ways in which governments pursue market integration policies that advance their own political interests, including human rights.How and why do global norms for social justice become international regulations linked to seemingly unrelated issues, such as trade? Hafner-Burton finds that the process has been unconventional. Efforts by human rights advocates and labor unions to spread human rights ideals, for example, do not explain why American and European governments employ preferential trade agreements to protect human rights. Instead, most of the regulations protecting human rights are codified in global moral principles and laws only because they serve policymakers' interests in accumulating power or resources or solving other problems. Otherwise, demands by moral advocates are tossed aside. And, as Hafner-Burton shows, even the inclusion of human rights protections in trade agreements is no guarantee of real change, because many of the governments that sign on to fair trade regulations oppose such protections and do not intend to force their implementation.Ultimately, Hafner-Burton finds that, despite the difficulty of enforcing good regulations and the less-than-noble motives for including them, trade agreements that include human rights provisions have made a positive difference in the lives of some of the people they are intended-on paper, at least-to protect.

Sujets

• International economics
• Trade pact
• Human rights

Informations

• Publié par: Cornell University Press
• Date de parution: 15 décembre 2010
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9780801458705
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 1 Mo

Extrait

FORCED TO BE GOOD

FORCED TO BE GOOD

WhyTradeAgreements Boost Human Rights

EMILIE M. HAFNER-BURTON

Cornell University Press Ithaca and London

Copyright © 2009 by Cornell University

All rights reserved. Except for brief quotations in a review, this book, or parts thereof, must not be reproduced in any form without permission in writing from the publisher. For information, address Cornell University Press, Sage House, 512 East State Street, Ithaca, New York 14850.

First published 2009 by Cornell University Press First printing, Cornell Paperbacks, 2013

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Hafner-Burton, Emilie.  Forced to be good : why trade agreements boost human rights / Emilie M. Hafner-Burton.  p. cm.  Includes bibliographical references and index.  ISBN 978-0-8014-4643-6 (cloth : alk. paper)  ISBN 978-0-8014-7925-0 (paper : alk. paper)  1. Tariff preferences—Social aspects. 2. Commercial treaties— Social aspects. 3. International trade—Social aspects. 4. Human rights—Economic aspects. I. Title.

HF1721.H24 2009 323—dc22

2008040971

Cornell University Press strives to use environmentally responsible sup- pliers and materials to the fullest extent possible in the publishing of its books. Such materials include vegetable-based, low-VOC inks and acid- free papers that are recycled, totally chlorine-free, or partly composed of nonwood fibers. For further information, visit our website at www.cornellpress.cornell.edu.

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CONTENTS

Acknowledgments Abbreviations

Introduction Chapter 1. Forced to Be Good Chapter 2. A Path to Answers Chapter 3. Preferences Chapter 4. Institutions Chapter 5. Power Chapter 6. Effects Chapter 7. The Future

Appendix References Index

ix xi

1 4 23 48 84 115 142 165

175 181 211

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

I am grateful to the many people and institutions that have helped me to write this book. Nuffield College at Oxford University, the Center for In- ternational Security and Cooperation at Stanford University, and the Woodrow Wilson School for Public and International Affairs and the De- partment of Politics at Princeton University provided me with invaluable support during the writing of this book. I would especially like to thank Helen Milner and the Center for Globalization and Governance at Prince- ton University, Lynn Eden and the Center for International Security and Cooperation at Stanford University, and Jennifer Widner and the Mam- douha S. Bobst Center for Peace and Justice at Princeton University for their generous support at various stages in this project. My sincere thanks go out to everyone who helped me by reading, listen- ing, and critiquing my arguments, and especially to Dan Drezner, Helen Milner, Miles Kahler, Robert Keohane, Edward Mansfield, Sophie Meu- nier, Andrew Moravcsik, Jon Pevehouse, and Mark Pollack, who sat in a room with me for seven hours and told me how to write a better book. Thanks also to my reviewers, who were tremendously helpful. I also extend my sincere thanks to Susan Aaronson, Suzanne Berger, Lorand Bartels, Joanne Gowa, Pieter Jan Kuyper, Walter Mattli, Frederik Mayer, Barry O’Neill, Jack Snyder, George Tsebelis, and Erik Voeten, who took the time to read and share comments on various portions of the book, as well as the many others who came to my assistance—in particular, Can- dice Cusack, Kathy Goldgeier, Rose Holendez, Gabriel Leon, Alexander Montgomery, and Daniel Scher. A good deal of what I have learned while writing this book I have learned from the people I interviewed during the process—policymakers, academics,