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Publié par | Pluto Press |
Date de parution | 20 juin 2004 |
Nombre de lectures | 0 |
EAN13 | 9781783719389 |
Langue | English |
Informations légales : prix de location à la page 0,0748€. Cette information est donnée uniquement à titre indicatif conformément à la législation en vigueur.
Extrait
Sharing the Land of Canaan
Human Rights and the Israeli–Palestinian Struggle
Mazin B. Qumsiyeh
First published 2004 by Pluto Press
345 Archway Road, London N6 5AA
USA: University of Michigan Press, 839 Greene Street,
Ann Arbor, M14 8106
www.plutobooks.com
Copyright © Mazin B. Qumsiyeh 2004
The right of Mazin B. Qumsiyeh to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
ISBN 0 7453 2249 2 hardback
ISBN 0 7453 2248 4 paperback
ISBN 978 1 7837 1938 9 Epub
ISBN 978 1 7837 1939 6 Kindle
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data applied for
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Designed and produced for Pluto Press by
Chase Publishing Services, Fortescue, Sidmouth, EX10 9QG, England
Typeset from disk by Stanford DTP Services, Northampton, England
Printed and bound in Canada by Transcontinental Printing
Contents
List of Tables, Exhibits, and Figures
Acknowledgements
Foreword by Dr Salman Abu Sitta
About the Author
Glossary
1.
Introduction
2.
People and the Land
Ancient Peoples and Culture
The Nabateans
Cultural and Religious Symbiosis in Canaan
A ‘Melting-Pot’ Origin of Native People
Palestinians
3.
Biology and Ideology
Eugenics, Population Genetics, and Political Ideology
Genetics and the Bible
Genetics versus Zionist Mythology
4.
Palestinian Refugees and Their Right to Return
Early Proposals for Population Removal
Why Did the Palestinians Leave?
Intention, Rhetoric, and Reality
The Consequences of Al-Nakba
Continued Ethnic Cleansing versus Justice and Repatriation
The Desirability and Feasibility of Return
5.
Jerusalem (Ur-Salem, Jebus, Yerushalaym, Al-Qods): A Pluralistic City
Jebusites and Jerusalemites
Changing Powers, Eternal People
Jerusalem under Islamic Rule
Twentieth-century Nationalism
Reunification or Apartheid and Exclusion
The Future: A City of Peace
6.
Zionism
Christian Zionism and Colonialism
Zionism Taking Root among European Jewish Communities
Zionism after 1948
Is Zionism the Mirror Image of Anti-Semitism?
A Post-Zionist Discourse
7.
Is Israel a Democracy?
A Basic Analysis of the ‘Basic Laws’
The ‘Absentee Laws’
Institutionalized Discrimination
8.
Violence and Terrorism
The Seeds and Roots of Terrorism
Fear
Terrorism in the Land of Canaan
Resistance versus Terrorism
Justice Brings Peace, Injustice Perpetuates Violence
9.
Human Rights
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
Torture
Targeting Civilians
Human Rights as the Cornerstone for Peace
10.
The Conflict and Sustainable Development
The Palestinian and Israeli Economies and Societies: Separate and Unequal
Changes since 1991
Water
Environmental Degradation
Prosperity with Equality and Sustainability
11.
The Political Contex t
Natives and Zionists: An Inevitable Clash?
Britain and France and the Zionist Program
Britain Hands the Torch to the US
Israeli Political Discourse
An Era of Peace?
Palestinian Political Discourse
The Oslo Accords
Might Makes Right?
12.
The International Context and International Law
Early International Failures
An Illegal Partition
The Fourth Geneva Convention
UNSC Resolutions 242, 338, and More
13.
Peace Can be Based on Human Rights and International Law
Zionist Discourse
Reality is not Conducive to a Two-State Solution
The Politics of Justice
Altruism is Pragmatic
We Have Been There, Done That
The Power of Coexistence and Non-violent Direct Action
Psychological and Physical Apartheid
An Inevitable Solution
Notes
Index
List of Tables, Exhibits, and Figures
Table 1.
Growth of the Jewish Population of Palestine
Table 2.
Christian and Muslim Palestinian Population
Exhibit 1.
Arguments against the Right to Return
Exhibit 2.
Ten Principles that Amnesty International Articulated for a Durable Peace Based on Human Rights (press release, March 26 2001)
Exhibit 3.
Universal Declaration of Human Rights adopted by the United Nations (1948)
Exhibit 4.
Other Relevant UN General Assembly Resolutions Passed by Overwhelming Majorities
Exhibit 5.
Draft Framework
Figure 1.
Evolution of the Semitic Alphabet
Figure 2.
The History of Map Changes in the Land of Canaan for the Past 83 Years
To my father whose body died in his birthplace, but whose spirit lives on among his people.
To people of all faiths, who sacrificed so much to bring us closer to peace and justice in this Holy Land.
Acknowledgements
To write a book of this nature is really not a project that is done in isolation. As a Palestinian American, I was first and foremost influenced by my upbringing under Israeli occupation, in my undergraduate studies at Jordan University, among Palestinian refugees in Jordan, and in my 24 years in the United States. I am grateful to those people who have touched my life, whether their intent towards me or others was positive or negative. Thus, I am grateful to the Israeli soldier who threw a tear gas bomb into my class, as I am grateful to the Israeli university employee who kindly apologized to me, a young and naive Palestinian student, for her country’s actions. I am also grateful to the journalists and editors we tried to educate, with varying degrees of success. These experiences, good and bad, helped shape my life. I feel privileged to have been alive at this moment in world history and I appreciate the opportunity to learn and grow from interactions with so many people of so many varied persuasions, ethnicity, and religions. I am thus grateful to all those whose paths have crossed mine. More specifically, in the last three years, as the idea for this book crystallized and evolved, I received significant help and encouragement from many people – to name a few key ones: Roman Bystrianyk, Justine McCabe, Salman Abu Sitta, David Kirsh, Bob Hartman, Hassan Fouda, Jess Ghannam, Stanley Heller, and members of the Palestine Right to Return Coalition and the Middle East Crisis Committee. I am also grateful to Pluto Press and, in particular, Julie Stoll and Roger van Zwanenberg for their efforts. My wife, Jessie Chang, and son, Dany, have given me significant positive influence, work, and encouragement. To those and many others, I am deeply grateful. I take responsibility for any mistakes, whether of omission or commission. Finally, I am grateful to you the reader for reading this book with an open mind. I would consider it a success if it makes some readers want to find out more, and would consider it an even greater success if the book prompts some to work harder for peace in the troubled land of Canaan.
Esse cuam videri
[To be rather than to seem]
Foreword
Dr Salman Abu Sitta
On the evening of Wednesday, October 31, 1917, Allenby’s army, known as the Egyptian Expeditionary Force, encircled Beer Sheba in a surprise move and overcame the small Turkish garrison. The British flag was raised and Palestine lay open to Allenby’s conquest. Thus ended 1,400 years of Arab and Muslim rule (with the exception of the brief Crusades period). The British military handed over Palestine to the Civil Administration headed by the Zionist High Commissioner, Herbert Samuel. His mission was to put into effect the Balfour Declaration and plant a Jewish state on Arab soil.
Thus, Palestine came under foreign rule, first British, then Israeli, which has lasted to this day. Palestine entered a century of wars, bloodshed, and suffering; the victims were the national majority of the country.
Why? European colonialism of the nineteenth century found its belated expression among European Jews in colonizing Palestine, for a complexity of historical and financial reasons, first riding on the shoulders of the British Empire, then on its home-grown strength, still supplied generously by Western resources.
One of the little known facts is that Zionism, which took a socialist character, is in fact a capitalist movement aiming to secure a territory from which it would express its ambitions, instead of manipulating European policies and wars. In other words, the Zionist capitalist movement aimed to exercise its power openly and with the recognition of the Western world, not indirectly by proxy.
Some examples to illustrate this will suffice. One of the first colonial settlements in Palestine was established by the French financial tycoon Rothchilde in Caesaria. Affluent bourgeois families became Israel’s ruling class. The Hacohen, Ruppin, Shertok, and Elyashar are all related or intermarried. From this ‘family’ emerged Rosa Cohen, Yitzhak Rabin, Pinchas Sapir, Yigal Yadin, Uzi Narkis, Arthur Ruppin, Asher Yadlin, Eliahu Golomb, Moshe Dayan, Ezer Weitzman, Lord Mund, Ya’akov Meridor, and many others who created and ran the military-financial-industrial complex of Israel.
They have no time for international law or human rights. They forged ahead assured of the support of the British Empire and now of the new US imperial power.
The image conveyed in the West is of a peaceful ingathering of exiles in the ‘Promised Land’. To achieve this end, they fabricated a web of myths, all of which have proved to be false, but only after they achieved their purpose: Palestine is a country without a people; the old will die and the young will forget Palestine; the refugees left on Arab orders; the Palestinians are terrorists, … etc.
Even the specter of coexistence was falsely marketed in the pre- Nakba . A Zionist agent would scout for land for sale among Palestinian villagers. He would approach them saying: ‘ sawa, sawa, ya khabibi ’ (together, together, my friend), ru