The Handy Art History Answer Book

Madelynn Dickerson

Description

The Art of Discovery. The Discovery of Art. The History of Art!

Warhol, Michelangelo, and da Vinci. Picasso, Monet, and Rembrandt, Ai WeiWei and Jenny Holzer. What were they thinking when they created their masterworks? While we can't always know an artist's exact thoughts, The Handy Art History Answer Book examines their benefactors, their wealth or poverty, their passions, the politics, and the world events that inspired and influenced them. Explore their techniques and materials, the forms, colors and styles, the movements and schools of thoughts, and discover the varied forms and nature of artistic expression.

Tracing art history from cave paintings to contemporary installations, along with Romanticism, Impressionism and the numerous “isms” in-between, The Handy Art History Answer Book guides you through the major art movements, artists, and important art pieces from 35,000 B.C.E. to today. This fascinating book provides an overview of art from its history and basic principles to its evolution, philosophy, and the masters who created groundbreaking works that changed its course forever. Accessible and entertaining, this captivating book answers over 600 questions, such as …

What is beauty?

What tools did Paleolithic artists use?

Why do Egyptian figures have two left feet?

What is the difference between weaving and tapestry?

What happened to the Venus de Milo's arms?

Why is Emperor Comoodus dressed as Hercules?

What are the Classical Greek Orders of Architecture?

What do the Yoruba consider beautiful?

What was the first Gothic cathedral?

How was single-point perspective invented?

What makes the Mona Lisa such a great work of art?

What is the difference between Art Nouveau and Art Deco?

What is a Zen garden?

Why wasn’t photography considered art in the 19th century?

How did Cezanne “astonish Paris with apples”?

Why did Jackson Pollock splatter paint all over his canvases?

Why do Jeff Koons’ balloon animals sell for millions of dollars?

Who is Ai Weiwei?

The Handy Art History Answer Book covers not only paintings, but every medium imaginable, including sculpture, architecture, pottery, photography, installation art, and even video games. The concise and clearly written text is enhanced by nearly 150 color images illustrating artistic concepts and highlighting important and memorable artworks. Its helpful bibliography and extensive index add to its usefulness.

Sujets

• Arts visuels
• Arts visuels
• Histoire des Arts
• Histoire des Arts
• Histoire des arts visuels
• Miguel Ángel
• Arte pop
• Reference
• Questions and answers
• General officer
• Surrealism
• Michelangelo
• Leonardo da Vinci
• Impressionism
• Pablo Picasso
• Art
• General
• History
• Mona Lisa
• Michel-Ange
• Rembrandt
• Léonard de Vinci
• Paul Cézanne

Informations

• Publié par: Visible Ink Press
• Date de parution: 01 juin 2013
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9781578594627
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 24 Mo

Extrait

About the Author

Madelynn Dickersonis an art writer and educa tor with a degree in literature from U.C. Santa Cruz and an M.Sc. from the University of Edin burgh in History of Art: History, Theory and Dis play. Her wide ranging interests have led to opportunities to study Renaissance art in Italy and Scotland, to research abstract expressionism and surrealism, and to teach Western art, world art, and literature at the American Academy of Art in Chicago. She lives with her husband in Southern California.

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THE HANDY ART HISTORY ANSWER BOOK

Madelynn Dickerson

Detroit

Copyright © 2013 by Visible Ink Press® THE This publication is a creative work fully protected by all applicable HANDY competition, and other applicable laws. copyright laws, as well as by misappropriation, trade secret, unfair ART HISTORY No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without per mission in writing from the publisher, except by a reviewer who wishes to quote brief passages in connection with a review written ANSWER for inclusion in a magazine, newspaper, or website. BOOK All rights to this publication will be vigorously defended. Visible Ink Press® 43311 Joy Rd., #414 Canton, MI 481872075

Visible Ink Press is a registered trademark of Visible Ink Press LLC.

Most Visible Ink Press books are available at special quantity discounts when purchased in bulk by corporations, organizations, or groups. Customized printings, special imprints, messages, and excerpts can be produced to meet your needs. For more information, contact Special Markets Director, Visible Ink Press, www.visibleinkpress.com, or 734 6673211.

Managing Editor: Kevin S. Hile Art Director: Mary Claire Krzewinski Typesetting: Marco Di Vita Indexing: Larry Baker Proofreaders: Shoshana Hurwitz and Chrystal Rosza

Cover art: Shutterstock.

Library of Congress CataloginginPublication Data

Dickerson, Madelynn. The handy art history answer book / Madelynn Dickerson. — 1 [edi tion]. pages cm ISBN 9781578594177 (pbk.) 1. Art—History—Miscellanea. I. Title. N5303.D53 2013 709—dc23 2013000153

Printed in the United States of America

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

Contents

A CKNOWLEDGMENTS …vii T IMELINE …viii I NTRODUCTION …x

ART PRINCIPLES AND HISTORY…1 Art Fundamentals … Basics of Architecture … Form and Style … Finding Meaning in Art … Prehistoric Art

ART OF THE ANCIENT WORLD, 5000 B . C . E .–400 C . E . … 27 Art of the Ancient Near East … Art of India and Southeast Asia … Art of Ancient Africa … Ancient Egyptian Art … Art of Ancient China … Early Japan and Korea … Art of the Ancient Americas … Aegean Art … Ancient Greek Art … Etruscan Art … Roman Art

THE MEDIEVAL WORLD, C . 400–1300…59 Early Jewish and Christian Art … Byzantine Art … Islamic Art … Early Medieval Art from Northern Europe … Carolingian and Ottonian Art … India and Southeast Asia … Chinese Art from the Sui

to the Yuan Dynasties, c. 589–1368 … Korean Art until c. 1400 … Japanese Art until c. 1400 … Art of Medieval Africa … PreColumbian America … North America … Romanesque Europe … Gothic Europe

THE EARLY MODERN WORLD, C . 1300–1600…99 ProtoRenaissance … Early Renaissance in Italy … Northern European Renaissance … High Renaissance in Italy … Renaissance Venice … SixteenthCentury European Art and Architecture … Islamic Art and the Ottoman Empire … African Art … Art and Zen Buddhism … Art in the New World

BAROQUE AND BEYOND, C . 1600–1850 … 135 Baroque Italy and France … Dutch and Flemish Painting … The Golden Age of Spain … Asian Art … Rococo and the Eighteenth Century … Mughal Art in India … Neoclassical Art … Romanticism … Art of the Americas

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FROM THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION TO WORLD WAR I, C . 1850–1914 … 171 Late NineteenthCentury Painting … Early Photography … Japanese Art … Impressionism … PostImpressionism … Architecture … African Art … Early TwentiethCentury Art

THE MODERN WORLD DURING AND AFTER THE WORLD WARS, C . 1914–1960 … 203 Early TwentiethCentury AvantGarde … Architecture and Design … Dada and

G LOSSARY …263 B IBLIOGRAPHY …271 I NDEX …273

Surrealism … Photography … Modern Art until c. 1960 … American Art and the Influence of Europe … Modern Art in Latin America … European Art after World War II … Native American Art … Pacific Art

CONTEMPORARY ART, 1960s–PRESENT … 237 Pop Art … Conceptual Art and Other Modern Art Movements … Art, Culture, and Politics … Figurative Art … Postmodernism and Art … Contemporary Art and Technology … Emerging Forms of Art … Contemporary Art and Globalization … Exploring Art on Your Own

Acknowledgments

I would like to offer my warmest, most sincere thanks to Roger Jänecke, Managing Director and Publisher at Visible Ink Press, for making this book possible. The guid ance and patience of Kevin Hile, Managing Editor, was a great gift during the writ ing process and I can’t thank you enough.

I owe so much to the friendship and support of my colleagues at the American Academy of Art, especially Lindsay Harmon, MLIS, for answering so many questions and providing access to such helpful resources, and Jaime O’Connor, Humanities Department Chair, for your understanding and enthusiasm.

And of course, to my family and my husband, Rachid, thank you for everything— listening, cooking, hugging, and laughing with me while writing this book.

P H OT O C R E D I T S Artwork images that are copyrighted include copyright information in the text of the captions. All other artworks are in the public domain. The following credits should also be noted: Aiwok: page 29. Captmondo: page 19. Cary Bass: page 195. David Gaya: page 114. Dennis Jarvis page from Halifax, Canada: page 90. Die Buche: page 45. Figuura: page 209. Georgezhao: 51. Gerard M: page 53. Gruban: page 22. Hussain Didi: page 55. Luisvassy: page 12. Lutralutra: page 77. Patrick A. Rodgers: page 106. Quartier Latin1968: page 92. somedragon2000: page 41. Tizian: page 119. User:Tetraktys, 2005: page 50. VivaItalia1974: page 140.

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Timeline of Major Art Historical Periods

This timeline is not inclusive of every period or movement of art history, but it should provide good general context for major periods of art history across the globe. All dates should be considered approximate.

Prehistoric Art Paleolithic Art Neolithic Art

Ancient Art Ancient Near Eastern Art Ancient Egyptian Art Indus Valley Art Ancient Aegean Art Ancient Chinese Art Art of the Preclassic Period in Mesoamerica Ancient Greek Art Ancient Roman Art Art of the Nok Culture in Africa Buddhist Art of the Maura Dynasty in India Indian Art of the Gupta Period

Art of the PreModern World Art from the Mali Empire at Djenné Art of the Classic Period in Mesoamerica Art of the Kofun and Asuka Periods in Japan Early Byzantine Art Art of the Nara Period in Japan Medieval Art in India Art of the Islamic Empire Medieval Art in Europe Art of the Heian Period in Japan Art of the Postclassic Period in Mesoamerica

c. 35000–8000 B . C . E . c. 8000–2000 B . C . E .

c. 3000–600 B . C . E . c. 3000–30 B . C . E . c. 3000–1000 B . C . E . c. 3000–700 B . C . E . c. 2000–200 B . C . E . c. 1500–300 B . C . E . c. 1000–30 B . C . E . c. 500 B . C . E .–476 C . E . c. 500–200 B . C . E . c. 322–185 B . C . E . c. 320–550 C . E .

c. 200–1600 C . E . c. 250 B . C . E .–900 C . E . c. 300 B . C . E .–646 C . E . 476 B . C . E .–1453 C . E . c. 646–794 C . E . c. 650–1530 c. 700–1500 c. 700–1400 c. 794–1185 c. 900–1500

Art from Great Zimbabwe Art of the Kamakura Period in Japan Art of the Yuan Dynasty in China Art of the Ming Dynasty in China Art of the Muromachi Period in Japan Renaissance Art in Europe Art of the Benin Empire in Nigeria Mughal Art in India Baroque Art Art of the Edo Period in Japan Art of the Qing Dynasty in China Rajput Art of India Rococo Art Neoclassical Art Romantic Art Art of the Modern World Realism Impressionism PostImpressionism Modernism Fauvism Expressionism Cubism Futurism De Stijl Art in the Modern Period in China Constructivism and Suprematism Dada and Surrealism Abstract Expressionism Pop Art Begins Minimalism Begins

Postmodernism

c. 1000–1500 c. 1185–1392 c. 1280–1368 c. 1368–1644 c. 1392–1568 c. 1400–1600 c. 1440–1900 c. 1530–1900 c. 1600–1750 c. 1600–1868 c. 1644–1911 c. 1700–1800 c. 1750–1850 c. 1750–1850 c. 1750–1850

c. 1850–1900 c. 1860–c. 1890 c. 1890–1910

c. 1900–1930 c. 1900–1940 c. 1900–1920 c. 1900–1930 c. 1900–1930 c. 1911–present c. 1915–1930 c. 1917–c. 1950 c. 1940–1960 c. 1960 c. 1960

c. 1970–

ix