The Art of Oratory

Charles Mosley

Description

The speeches in this book changed history. Sometimes they did so straightforwardly, for instance by setting in train a change of mind among the audience, as Wilberforce began to do over the slave trade. But sometimes it was by changing the way posterity has viewed a decision already taken, as Socrates did at his trial, even though he was condemned to death. Every speech has been chosen on its merits. Such merits are of two kinds, however. A speech may be, and usually is, a highly readable essay in the art of immediate persuasion. But it is sometimes more the trigger by which a world historical personage has catapulted mankind into action afterwards. As such, it may have had a more long-term historical effect than an immediate impact. For that reason, the accompanying remarks explaining the context of every speech and giving an account of the speaker are as vital as the speech itself.

Sujets

• Disciplines
• Language Arts
• Political
• Lettres et linguistique
• Héroes
• Speech
• Pronunciation
• Public speaking
• Politics
• World War
• Heroes
• Collection
• Adolf Hitler
• National
• Leader
• Reading
• Lincoln
• Churchill

Informations

• Publié par: Roli Books
• Date de parution: 01 avril 2008
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9789351940029
• Langue: English

Extrait

Text © Charles Mosley
The author has asserted his rights under the Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 to be identified as the author of this work.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical including photocopying, recoding or any information storage and retrieval without written permission from the publisher.
Every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the information presented in this book. The publisher will not assume liability for damages caused by inaccuracies in the data and makes no warranty whatsoever express or implied.
The images used in this book come from either the public domain or from the public commons.
The publishers would like to thank Connie Robertson for arranging the necessary permissions.
Designed and edited by Bookcraft Limited, Stroud, Gloucestershire, UK
First published in India in 2008 The Lotus Collection An imprint of Roli Books Pvt. Ltd M-75, Greater Kailash II Market, New Delhi 110 048 Phone: ++91 (011) 4068 2000 E-mail: [e-mail] Website: www.rolibooks.com
Cover design: Ritika Rai
eISBN : 978-93-5194-002-9
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The speeches in this book changed history. Sometimes they did so straightforwardly, for instance by setting in train a change of mind among the audience, as Wilberforce began to do over the slave trade. But sometimes it was by changing the way posterity has viewed a decision already taken, as Socrates did at his trial even though he was condemned to death.
Every speech has been chosen on its merits. Such merits are of two kinds, however. A speech may be and usually is a highly readable essay in the art of immediate persuasion. But it is sometimes more the trigger by which a world historical personage has catapulted mankind into action afterwards. As such, it may have had a more long-term historical than an immediate impact. For that reason the accompanying remark explaining the context of every speech and giving an account of the speaker are as vital as the speech itself.
Contents
Acknowledgements
Belial To his fellow fallen angels
Jacob To his sons
Hector To the Trojans
Achilles To the Greeks
Pericles Funeral oration
Socrates Defence at his trial
Alexander the Great To his reluctant troops
Marc Antony Funeral panegyric on Caesar
Emperor Claudius On admitting non-Romans to the Senate
William the Conqueror Deathbed apology for oppressing the English
Thomas More To Commissioners enforcing the oath denying papal supremacy
Anne Boleyn Scaffold speech
Elizabeth I To Parliament on choosing a husband
Elizabeth I To troops at Tilbury when Armada threatened
Sir Francis Drake On relations between gentlemen and sailors at sea
Sir Walter Raleigh Scaffold speech
Charles I Scaffold speech
Oliver Cromwell To Parliament when closing it down
Pitt the Elder Against the Stamp Act
Pitt the Elder On the American War
Patrick Henry ‘Liberty or Death’
Edmund Burke On an MP’s responsibilities
Edmund Burke On impeaching Warren Hastings
Robespierre On terror
George Washington Farewell address
William Wilberforce Against the slave trade
Pitt the Younger Against the slave trade
Pitt the Younger On peace with France
Charles James Fox On peace with France
Thomas Jefferson On the Louisiana Purchase
Lord Byron Against the death penalty for Luddites
Napoleon Farewell to his Old Guard
George Canning On the New–Old World balance
Daniel Webster Pilgrim Fathers’ commemoration
Daniel Webster Against Nullification by South Carolina
Daniel O’Connell ‘Ireland shall be free’
Sir Robert Peel Resignation as Prime Minister
John C. Calhoun ‘The Union is in Danger’
Lord Palmerston ‘Civis Romanus sum’
John Bright ‘The Angel of Death’
Abraham Lincoln Against slavery
Abraham Lincoln ‘A house divided against itself cannot stand’
Abraham Lincoln Gettysburg Address
Abraham Lincoln ‘With malice toward none’
Mark Twain On America’s ‘Gilded Age’
Disraeli Attack on Peel
Disraeli Attack on Gladstone
Disraeli On the Congress of Berlin
Gladstone Attack on Disraeli
Gladstone On the rights of the savage
Gladstone Against the Zulu War
Gladstone Opening the Home Rule debate
Lord Randolph Churchill Attack on Gladstone
Lord Randolph Churchill On Tory democracy
Charles Stewart Parnell Call for a restored Irish Parliament
Keir Hardie Attack on the future Edward VIII
Edward VII Eulogy on Queen Victoria
Teddy Roosevelt ‘Square Deal’
Teddy Roosevelt ‘The man in the arena’
F. E. Smith Maiden speech as MP
Lloyd George ‘Mr Balfour’s poodle’
Lloyd George On the cost of dukes and dreadnoughts
Lloyd George On the coming 1910 election
Lloyd George Agadir Crisis
Lloyd George On the UK entering World War I
Lloyd George To the American Club, London
Lloyd George Rebuttal of charges of UK responsibility for World War I
Lloyd George ‘Land fit for heroes’
Lloyd George ‘Murder by the throat’
Lloyd George Attack on Chamberlain
Woodrow Wilson ‘Too proud to fight’
Woodrow Wilson The Fourteen Points
Leon Trotsky On German-Russian peace talks
Leon Trotsky Salute to the Red Army
Lenin On Communists joining the British Labour Party 166
Sir Oswald Mosley Resignation speech
Albert Einstein Wonders of science
Stanley Baldwin ‘Faith, Hope, Love and Work’
Stanley Baldwin ‘The bomber will always get through’
Stanley Baldwin On the Abdication
George V Christmas broadcast 1932
Franklin Roosevelt ‘We have nothing to fear but fear itself’
Franklin Roosevelt ‘Four Freedoms’
Franklin Roosevelt Declaration of war on Japan
Haile Selassie On the Italian invasion of Abyssinia
Edward VIII Abdication broadcast
General Franco On the Spanish Civil War
Neville Chamberlain ‘Peace in our time’
Hitler ‘My patience is exhausted’
Hitler Against the British holding India
Gandhi Let the British quit India
De Gaulle Broadcast rallying the Free French
De Gaulle On the liberation of Paris
Mussolini On Italy’s role in World War II
Churchill On British rule in India
Churchill On the start of World War II
Churchill ‘Blood, toil, tears and sweat’
Churchill ‘Fight them on the beaches’
Churchill ‘Their finest hour’
Churchill ‘The Few’
Churchill To the Allies
Churchill On determination
Churchill To the Canadian Parliament
Churchill On Victory in Europe
Churchill ‘The Iron Curtain’
Stalin Riposte to Churchill’s Iron Curtain speech
neral George Patton To US GIs before D-Day
Laurence Olivier Henry V to troops before Agincourt
Emperor Hirohito On the A-Bomb
Emperor Hirohito Apology for Japan’s waging war
Sir Robert Menzies ‘The Forgotten People’
Sir Robert Menzies On freedom of speech
Sir Robert Menzies On freedom of the press
Elizabeth II Dedication to her people
Elizabeth II First Christmas broadcast
Nehru ‘Tryst with Destiny’
Ben-Gurion On the imminent foundation of Israel
Tito On Yugoslavia’s split with the USSR
Adenauer On the Western Allies and Germany
Nixon Checkers speech
Nixon On Watergate
Khrushchev Denunciation of Stalin
Mao ‘Imperialism a paper tiger’
Harold Macmillan ‘Winds of change’
Kennedy Inaugural
Kennedy ‘Ich bin ein Berliner’
Castro On the Bay of Pigs
Martin Luther King ‘I have a dream’
Enoch Powell ‘Rivers of blood’
Trudeau Against separatist terrorists
Thatcher ‘The lady’s not for turning’
Reagan ‘Evil empire’
Reagan On the Challenger space shuttle disaster
Reagan ‘Tear down this wall!’
John Paul II On a free Poland
Jesse Jackson ‘Keep hope alive’
Nelson Mandela ‘Let freedom reign’
Diana Princess of Wales ‘Time and Space’
Tony Blair ‘People’s Princess’
Tony Blair Valedictory
Lord Spencer Funeral speech on Diana
John Howard On the centenary of Australia’s federation
Colonel Tim Collins To troops about to invade Iraq
George W Bush ‘Axis of Evil’
Barack Obama ‘We have more work to do’
Rudy Giuliani At the 2004 Republican Convention
Hillary Clinton On abortion
David Cameron Conservative leadership bid
Harold Pinter Nobel Literature Prize acceptance
Gordon Brown On nine years of Labour government
Bibliography
Acknowledgements
Crown copyright material is reproduced under the terms of the Click-Use Licence with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and the Queen’s Printer for Scotland.
We are also grateful for permission to reprint the following speeches that are in copyright:
David Ben-Gurion Extract from Statement to the Elected Assembly of PalestineJewry, from State of Israel Historical Documents Vols. 1 & 2: 1947–1974, II, From Mandate to Independence.
Winston Churchill Extracts from his speeches reprinted with permission of Curtis Brown Ltd, London, on behalf of The Estate of Winston Churchill.
Tim Collins Extract from address to the Royal Irish Regiment, 20 March 2003,reprinted with permission.
Diana, Princess of Wales Extract from speech given at the Royal GeographicalSociety, 12 June 1997, reprinted with permission of the Princess of Wales MemorialFund.
Elizabeth II Extracts from speech given in Capetown, 21 April 1947, and fromChristmas message, 25 December 1952, reprinted with permission.
Mahatma Gandhi Extract from speech addressed to the Indian National CongressCommittee, 8 August 1942, reprinted with permission of the Mahatma Gandhi Centre,Bombay.
John Paul II Extract from homily published on the Vatican website, copyright ©Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 2007, reprinted with permission of the Vatican PublishingHouse.
Dr Martin Luther King Jr. Extract from ‘I have a Dream’, copyright © 1963 MartinLuther King Jr., copyright renewed 1991 by Coretta Scott King, reprinted by arrangem