The goal of Perspectives on Student Affairs in South Africa is to generate interest in student affairs in South Africa. The papers contained herein are based on best practice, local experience and well-researched international and local theories. The papers in this book deal with matters pertaining to international and national trends in student affairs: academic development, access and retention, counselling, and material support for students coming from disadvantaged backgrounds. They are linked to national and international developments, as described in the first two papers. This publication will assist both young and experienced practitioners as they grow into their task of developing the students entrusted to them. All contributors are South Africans with a great deal of experience in student affairs, and all are committed to the advancement of student affairs in South Africa. The editors are former heads of student affairs portfolios at two leading South African universities.
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PERSPECTIVES ON STUDENT AFFAIRS IN SOUTH AFRICA Edited by McGlory Speckman and Martin Mandew Foreword by Prof. Ahmed Bawa
Perspectives on Student Affairs in Sout Africa
Edited by McGlory Speckman and Martin Mandew
Foreword by Prof. Amed Bawa
AFRICAN MINDS
Publised in 2014 by African Minds 4 Eccleston Place, Somerset West 7130, Sout Africa info@africanminds.org.za www.africanminds.org.za
African Minds is a not-for-profit, open-access publiser. In line wit our goal of developing and fostering access, openness and debate in te pursuit of growing and deepening te African knowledge base and an Africa-based creative commons, tis publication forms part of our non-peer-reviewed list, te broad mission of wic is to support te dissemination of knowledge from and in Africa relevant to addressing te social callenges tat face te African continent.
Orders For orders from witin Sout Africa: Blue Weaver PO Box 30370, Tokai 7966, Cape Town, Sout Africa Email: orders@blueweaver.co.za
For orders from outside Sout Africa: African Books Collective PO Box 721, Oxford OX1 9EN, UK orders@africanbookscollective.com www.africanbookscollective.com
Design and lay-out COMPRESS.dsl | www.compressdsl.com
Te editors gratefully acknowledge te financial assistance of SAASSAP in te production and printing of tis book.
PART 3: Holistic Support Te etical callenges of a student counselling professional: Wen does discretion become permissible? 95 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hanlé Kirkcaldy
Te place of social work as a support service for tertiary students 107 . . . . . . . . . . . . Zetu Mkize
Towards an asset-based model: A critical reflection on student material support wit special reference to clientood/citizensip tension 121 . . . . McGlory Speckman
Sout African iger education as a istoric role to play, a role tat as been identified and accepted by all sectors in our society and by important global institutions suc as UNESCO and te World Bank. It is a powerful role tat produces bot public and private goods. Te production of ig level graduates, te production of new knowledge, te development of critical, active participants in our democracy, addressing te many legacies of aparteid, tese are all examples of te public goods produced by te sector. Te very ig correlation between iger education and employability of graduates and teir earning power and so on are examples of te private goods produced. At te eart of tis project are te continuing callenges of access and success – understanding ow best to address te deeply fragmented preparation of our students for iger education. Teir educational, social and emotional preparedness for iger education is always at te eart of te debate wen we consider tat te drop-out rate of students in te system is at about te 50 per cent level for te system as a wole. Tis is sockingly iger tan in oter university systems. Student welfare and student development ave to be at te eart of any student-centred system tat begins to conceptualise itself around te needs of te students in our system. It is a basic foundational requirement for student success. If we fail to provide olistic support to our students we face te danger of creating a revolving door syndrome, re-creating aparteid graduate dynamics, developing graduates wo are not active, creative participants in te economy, and so on. he point to empasise is tat specialists in te areas of student services and student development are fundamental to te proper functioning of universities – to develop and nurture student growt in and beyond te classroom context so tat learning takes place tat prepares students for teir future roles as active participants and contributors to te development of te economy and te deepening of our democracy.
Perspectives on Student Affairs
It is important to understand tat te inequalities tat are so pervasive in Sout Africa re-create temselves at our universities. And so do te deep ills of our society – te devastation of HIV/Aids, te spreading of a deepening drug culture, te deep economic inequalities and so on. It is te student services sector tat is at te coalface (and cutting edge) in terms of tese callenges. Experienced practitioners pick up a number of tings tat lecturers are often not alert to. Invariably, tese reflect in a microcosmic context wat individual members of te broader society are going troug. Institutions of iger learning, wose mandate is partly to find solutions to societal problems, cannot step aside and watc te situation deteriorating furter on te grounds tat it is not of teir creation but a wider societal problem. Problems manifest in different ways in eac context and tey also vary in degrees of severity. he Department of Higer Education and Training began many new initiatives, all ostensibly to improve te quality of te student experience for students. he massive increase in te financial aid allocation from te treasury, te development of a process of engagement on transformation, te commissioning of a study on student accommodation are examples of te kinds of interventions tat impact on te quality of student experience. hese ave drawn eavily on tose individuals and teams tat work in te student services, student development arenas. At a time wen universities suc as Durban University of Tecnology ave begun to focus muc attention on te idea of student-centredness, it is a pleasure to note tat tis book touces on te key issues tat provide for a olistic understanding of te student as a young uman being. Some of te issues raised in it are contentious, some are callenging to understand, some even controversial. his is good. It gives te reader a cance to engage wit tese. It provides for a safe platform for debate and for wrestling wit te issues tat concern our students and te services we provide to tem. As a body of senior student affairs/student development professionals, SAASSAP as done exactly wat is expected of it, leading from te front. I trust tat more of its members as well as tose wo report to tem will follow suit. It sould be remembered tat student development and student success occur as a result of deliberate, well-planned and carefully structured development programmes and support initiatives and activities on te part of tose wo ave been entrusted wit tis responsibility at our iger education institutions. he nature and extent of student development and success depends largely on te measure to wic student services practitioners critically reflect upon and consistently review te assumptions, content, delivery and appropriateness of student development programmes, support structures, services and initiatives. his process of critical reflection, examination and renewal needs to be rigorous,
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Foreword
goal-oriented and teoretically informed. It must take serious cognisance of all factors, personal, structural, social, cultural, psycological, internal and external, tat impact on student ability to develop and succeed. In te final analysis, te process must produce sound knowledge and propose solutions tat are practical and implementable, contributing towards student development and success. his publication marks a very important milestone in te generation and expansion of endogenous knowledge in te field of student affairs and student services. It is te beginning of a crucial process designed to facilitate a muc needed dialogue in pursuit of a common and sared vision for student development and success witin te context of Sout Africa. he issues tat are critically examined in tis book are important and tey affect students as tey progress troug our iger education system. We need to make sure tat students receive te necessary development, support and guidance to succeed. his publication is an important resource for our student affairs practitioners and I am appy to support te effort to bring to fruition te formation of a sared vision for student development and success.
Prof. Amed Bawa Vice-cancellor, Durban University of Tecnology and past president of Higer Education Sout Africa (HESA)