Forces and Motion

Angela Royston

Description

All movement depends on forces, and forces hold the universe in balance. This book explores forces, from simple pushes and pulls to the force of gravity that keeps our feet on the ground.

Informations

• Publié par: Capstone Global Library
• Date de parution: 18 juillet 2013
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9781406270198
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 20 Mo

Extrait

Essential Physical Science

Angela Royston

Raintree is an imprint of Capstone Global Library Limited, a company incorporated in England and Wales having its registered oce at 7 Pilgrim Street, London, EC4V 6LB – Registered company number: 6695582

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Text © Capstone Global Library Limited 2014 First published in hardback in 2014 The moral rights of the proprietor have been asserted.

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means (including photocopying or storing it in any medium by electronic means and whether or not transiently or incidentally to some other use of this publication) without the written permission of the copyright owner, except in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs, and Patents Act 1988 or under the terms of a licence issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, Saron House, 6–10 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS (www. cla.co.uk). Applications for the copyright owner’s written permission should be addressed to the publisher.

Edited by Nancy Dickmann, Adam Miller,  and Diyan Leake Designed by Victoria Allen Original illustrations © Capstone Global  Library Ltd 2014 Illustrated by H L Studios Picture research by Ruth Blair Originated by Capstone Global Library Ltd Printed and bound in China by CTPS

ISBN 978 1 406 25990 2 17 16 15 14 13 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Royston, Angela, 1945-  Forces and motion. -- (Essential physical science)  1. Force and energy--Juvenile literature. 2. Motion  --Juvenile literature.  I. Title II. Series  531.1’1-dc23

Acknowledgements We would like to thank the following for permission to reproduce photographs: Alamy pp. 12 (© AC Images), 16 (© Stephen Markeson), 22 (© Fancy), 36 (© Corbis Bridge), 38 (© Marvin Dembinsky Photo Associates); Capstone Publishers (© Karon Dubke) pp. 14, 15, 24, 25, 32, 33; Corbis pp. 5 (© A2942/_ Ingo Wagner/dpa), 39 (© NASA/Roger Ressmeyer), 40 (© Jim Sugar); © Corbis p. 37; Getty Images pp. 8 (Bongarts), 18 (Neil Beckerman ), 19 (Photolibrary), 27 (Chad Baker), 29 (Phil Walter), 31 (Reinhard Dirscherl ), 41 (NASA); Shutterstock pp. 4 (© Ahmad Faizal Yahya), 6 (© iQoncept), 7 (© Je Whyte), 9 (© bikeriderlondon), 10 (© bikeriderlondon), 20 (© Maxim Blinkov), 21 (© Poznyakov), 23 (© K. Miri Photography), 26 (© Alexey U), 30 (© Jan S), 34 (© Patrick Foto), 35 (© mahout), 42 (© Denis Kuvaev), 43 (© Ahmad Faizal Yahya).

Cover photograph of tandem skydivers reproduced with permission of Shutterstock (© Atlaspix).

Every eort has been made to contact copyright holders of material reproduced in this book. Any omissions will be rectied in subsequent printings if notice is given to the publisher.

Disclaimer All the internet addresses (URLs) given in this book were valid at the time of going to press. However, due to the dynamic nature of the internet, some addresses may have changed, or sites may have changed or ceased to exist since publication. While the author and publisher regret any inconvenience this may cause readers, no responsibility for any such changes can be accepted by either the author or the publisher.

Contents

How do they make that move? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 What is motion? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 What happens when forces clash? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Why do moving things slow down? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Is resistance a drag? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Gravity: what’s it all about?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Can you spot the forces? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Find out more. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Index. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

Eureka moment! Learn about important discoveries that have brought about further knowledge and understanding.

Some words are shown in bold,like this. You can find out what they mean by looking in the glossary.

i know Discover fascinating facts about forces and motion.

WHAT’S NEXT?

Read about the latest research and advances in essential physical science.

PH

How do they make that move? A force makes something move, or changes the way it moves. When something moves, it changes position. It starts at one place and finishes up somewhere else – or it might come back to the starting point. I L I N

4

A skateboarder reaches the top of the ramp, spins, and lands with his feet still on the skateboard. It takes real skill to do this trick, but he couldn’t do it without forces.

i n w The word eureka is Greek for “I have found it”. An Ancient Greek called Archimedes said, “Eureka!” when he solved a problem. Archimedes solved many problems, often with the help of forces. In 212 BC the Romans attacked his home city, Syracuse, in Sicily. To defend Syracuse, Archimedes built giantcatapults, which hurled heavy boulders with great force at the Roman ships.