Light and Sound

Louise Spilsbury, Richard Spilsbury

Description

We learn about the world by seeing and hearing, but how do light and sound actually work? This book explores the ways that light and sound travel, how we sense them, and how they affect our daily lives.

Informations

• Publié par: Capstone Global Library
• Date de parution: 18 juillet 2013
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9781406270204
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 22 Mo

Extrait

Essential Physical Science

Louise and Richard Spilsbury

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Text © Capstone Global Library Limited 2014 First published in hardback in 2014 The moral rights of the proprietor have been asserted.

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means (including photocopying or storing it in any medium by electronic means and whether or not transiently or incidentally to some other use of this publication) without the written permission of the copyright owner, except in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs, and Patents Act 1988 or under the terms of a licence issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, Saron House, 6–10 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS (www. cla.co.uk). Applications for the copyright owner’s written permission should be addressed to the publisher.

Edited by Nancy Dickmann, Adam Miller,  and Diyan Leake Designed by Victoria Allen Original illustrations © Capstone Global  Library Ltd 2014 Illustrated by H L Studios Picture research by Ruth Blair Originated by Capstone Global Library Ltd Printed and bound in China by CTPS

ISBN 978 1 406 25991 9 17 16 15 14 13 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Spilsbury, Louise.  Light and sound. -- (Essential physical science)  1. Light--Juvenile literature. 2. Sound--Juvenile  literature.  I. Title II. Series III. Spilsbury, Richard, 1963-  534-dc23

Acknowledgements We would like to thank the following for permission to reproduce photographs: Alamy pp. 8 (© GIPhotoStock X), 15 (© Arcaid Images), 31 (© AfriPics.com), 34 (© Arco Images GmbH), 38 (© Papilio), 39 (© Simon Belcher), 41 (© BSIP SA), 42 (© Horizon International Images Limited); Capstone Publishers (© Karon Dubke) pp. 12, 13, 18, 19, 36, 37; Corbis pp. 17 (© Joana Toro/dpa), 21 (© Norbert Wu/Science Faction); Getty Images pp. 9 (Ian Gavan), 23 (Joel Sartore/National Geographic), 25 (Datacraft Co. Ltd), 29 (Dimitri Vervitsiotis ), 40 (Visuals Unlimited, Inc./GIPhotoStock); © Anish Kapoor. All Rights Reserved, DACS 2012 p. 26 (Shutterstock/© gary718); Science Photo Library pp. 6 (Andrew Lambert Photography), 11 (NASA); Shutterstock pp. 4 (© egd), 5 (© WindImage), 7 (© Steve Mann), 10 (© melissaf84), 22 (© Monkey Business Images), 24 (© Angelo Gilardelli), 28 (© MilanB), 33 (© Dmitry Naumov), 35 (© ssuaphotos), 43 (© oorka).

Cover photograph of a trombonist at a festival reproduced with permission of Superstock (Cosm Condina).

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Every eort has been made to contact copyright holders of material reproduced in this book. Any omissions will be rectied in subsequent printings if notice is given to the publisher.

Disclaimer All the internet addresses (URLs) given in this book were valid at the time of going to press. However, due to the dynamic nature of the internet, some addresses may have changed, or sites may have changed or ceased to exist since publication. While the author and publisher regret any inconvenience this may cause readers, no responsibility for any such changes can be accepted by either the author or the publisher.

Contents

What are light and sound? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 How do we make sounds? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 How do we hear sounds? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 How do we use sound? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 How does light move? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 How does light help us to see? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 How do we use light? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 How can we look after our eyes and ears? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Find out more. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Index. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

Eureka moment! Learn about important discoveries that have brought about further knowledge and understanding.

Some words are shown in bold,like this. You can find out what they mean by looking in the glossary.

i know Discover fascinating facts about light and sound.

WHAT’S NEXT?

Read about the latest research and advances in essential physical science.

PH

What are light and sound? Light and sound are essential to our lives. What would a firework display be like without loud bangs, screaming whistles, and brightly coloured lights? Sound and light help us to enjoy and to understand the world around us. I L I N They help us to work, play, communicate, and escape danger. Emergency sirens, such as tornado sirens, are loud, noisemaking devices that can warn a whole town about a threat.

4

Sirens and flashing lights give a clear signal to nearby traffic and pedestrians to pull over and allow police, ambulances, or other emergency vehicles to pass quickly and safely.

Eureka moment! Steam whistles were an early form of siren. As from the 1830s, they were used to send signals on trains and in factories. Steam whistles were also used in lighthouses to warn ships at sea of nearby rocks or hazards.