North Carolina Through Four Centuries

William S. Powell

Description

This successor to the classic Lefler-Newsome North Carolina: The History of a Southern State, published in 1954, presents a fresh survey history that includes the contemporary scene. Drawing upon recent scholarship, the advice of specialists, and his own knowledge, Powell has created a splendid narrative that makes North Carolina history accessible to both students and general readers. For years to come, this will be the standard college text and an essential reference for home and office.

Sujets

• Caroline du Nord
• North Carolina
• South
• Carolina del Norte

Informations

• Publié par: The University of North Carolina Press
• Date de parution: 20 janvier 2010
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9780807898987
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 3 Mo

Extrait

NORTH CAROLINA THROUGH FOUR CENTURIES
NORTH CAROLINA THROUGH FOUR CENTURIES
WILLIAM S. POWELL
THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA PRESS
Chapel Hill and London
1989 The University of North Carolina Press All rights reserved
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Powell, William Stevens, 1919- North Carolina through four centuries / by William S. Powell. p. cm. Bibliography: p. Includes index. ISBN 0-8078-1846-1 (alk. paper). ISBN 0-8078-1850-x (text ed. : alk. paper) 1. North Carolina-History. 2. North Carolina- Politics and government. I. Title. F 254. P 63 1989 88-7691 975.6- DC 19 CIP
The paper in this book meets the guidelines for permanence and durability of the Committee on Production Guidelines for Book Longevity of the Council on Library Resources.
Printed in the United States of America
05 9 8 7
For Stephanie Lind Powell James Keegan Powell Caitlin Waldrop Powell Charles Stevens Powell V David Nathanael Feild
in expectation that their lives in North Carolina in the twenty-first century will be as happy as their grandfather s has been in the twentieth
CONTENTS
Preface
1. Natural Features and Native Peoples
The Coastal Plain
The Piedmont Plateau
The Mountains
The Influence of Geography
Geology
Soil
Minerals
Climate and Weather
Native Americans
Indian Tribes
2. Exploration and Early Settlement
French Interest
Spanish Interest
English Interest
Amadas and Barlowe Expedition
The Ralph Lane Colony
The John White Colony
Searches for the Lost Colony
Results of Raleigh s Efforts
The Carolana Grant
3. A Proprietary Colony, 1663-1729
The Carolina Charter of 1663
Beginning Government
Concerns over Land
Culpeper s Rebellion
Seth Sothel s Excesses
Gibbs s Rebellion
Extended Settlement
Religion in the Colony
Cary s Rebellion
Tuscarora Indian War
Piracy
Expansion to the South
The Proprietors Sell Their Shares
4. Royal Government
Imperial Conflicts
Difficulties of the First Royal Governor
A Compromising Governor
The Granville District
Colonial Wars
5. Colonial Society and Culture, 1729-1776
Growth and Expansion
Highland Scots
Scots-Irish
Germans
Moravians
Welsh
Blacks
Orders of Society
Housing
Food
Public Accommodations and Entertainment
Religion and Churches
Schools and Education
6. Colonial Economy: Agriculture, Trade, and Communication
Agriculture
Livestock
Forest Products
Transportation and Communication
7. Sectional Controversies in the Colony
The Albemarle versus the Cape Fear
The Regulator Movement
8. A Decade of Dispute
The Royal Proclamation of 1763
Parliamentary Acts of 1764 and 1765
The Stamp Act Resisted
The Non-Importation Association
The Last Royal Governor
Edenton Tea Party
First Provincial Congress
Second Provincial Congress
Mecklenburg Resolves
Third Provincial Congress
Battle of Moore s Creek Bridge
9. Attaining Independence
The First Call for Independence
Fourth Provincial Congress Adopts Halifax Resolves
Fifth Provincial Congress Draws Up a Constitution
Weak State Government
Loyalist Activities
State Finances
Military Concerns
The War Moves South
Steps to Victory
10. A Free State
Unsettled Conditions
Factionalism
Treatment of Loyalists
Creating a New State Capital
Foundations for the Future
Plans for a National Union
The State of Franklin
A New National Government
The Federal Constitution Rejected
11. A Jeffersonian Republic
The Federal Constitution Accepted
North Carolina and Washington s Administration
Rise of Republicanism
Money and Banking
The Walton War
War of 1812
12. A State Asleep
The State s Dismal Outlook
Causes of Backwardness
Farm Conditions and Migration
Economic Conditions and Sources of Revenue
Political Conditions
13. The Vision of Archibald D. Murphey
Murphey s Preparation for Leadership
The Literary Fund
Internal Improvements
The State Hires an Engineer
Call for Constitutional Reform
14. The Constitutional Convention of 1835
National Issues and North Carolina Politics
Rise of the Whig Party
Demands of the West
The Convention
15. The Whig Era, 1835-1850
Many Prompt Improvements
Railroads
The North Carolina Railroad
Common Schools Established
War with Mexico
Concern for the Unfortunate
16. A Change in Midstream
The Democrats Prevail on Suffrage Issue
Educational Progress
17. The Economy and Antebellum Society
Tobacco
The Gold Boom and Iron
Manufacturing
Higher Education
Reading, Writing, and Religion
18. The Coming of the Civil War
The Balance of Power: Slave and Free States
The Hedrick Affair
The Banning of a Book
Political Dissension in 1860
The Roots of Secession
19. The Civil War
Comparison of Resources and Aims
Troops and Supplies Raised
Troops
Military Activity
Emancipation Plans
The War in Eastern North Carolina
Activity in Western North Carolina
Blockade-Running
Split Loyalties
Around-the-World Cruise of the Shenandoah
Sherman s Coming
Battle of Bentonville
Fort Fisher
The Surrender at the Bennett Farmhouse
20. A State Made New
Presidential Plans to Restore the Union
Reaction to a Constitution Rejected
Military Rule
A New Constitution
Ku Klux Klan Appears
North Carolina Returns to the Union
Carpetbaggers, Scalawags, and the Klan
The Kirk-Holden War
Impeachment of the Governor
21. A Fresh Start
The Constitution Amended
Conservatives Return to Power as Democrats
Industrialization
Urbanization
Agriculture Languishes
Education
22. A Time of Readjustment
Farmers Organizations
Political Party Fusion
Black Officeholders
Democratic Campaign Plans
The Wilmington Race Riot
Blacks Disfranchised
Signs of Progress
23. Great Anticipations for the Twentieth Century
The South Dakota Bond Case
Impeachment of Two Justices
The Educational Governor
The Crime of Lynching
State Literary and Historical Association
Mount Mitchell State Park
Wireless Experiments
First Airplane Flight
Alcoholic Beverage Control
Farmers Organizations
Organized Labor
Child Labor
Academic Freedom
World War I
Woman Suffrage
The Roaring Twenties
The Evolution Controversy
Higher Education
Books and Writers
Politics
24. Down But Not Out: The State Survives the Great Depression
The Businessman s Governor
Roads and Transportation
A Rise in Republican Strength
Governor Gardner s Program
Economic Hardships
University Consolidation
New State Government Agencies
Widespread Suffering
Unemployment and Labor Problems
Relief
25. New Points to Ponder in a Restless World
Signs of Progress
Military Maneuvers in the State
World War II
Wartime Accomplishments and Postwar Planning
Experimental Rockets Tested
Polio Epidemic
Expanded Role of the Federal Government
Health Concerns
Labor, Unions, and Strikes
Communist Hunt
Progressive Developments
The Graham-Smith Campaign
Korean War
26. A New Face for the State
Race Relations
The Pearsall Plan
Token School Integration
The Charlotte-Mecklenburg School Case
Greensboro Lunch Counter Sit-Ins
Violence in Wilmington
Death to the Klan Rally
Black Candidates for Office
The Research Triangle Park
The Vietnam War
Student Unrest
Communism and the Speaker Ban
Governor Sanford s Progressive Program
Environmental Concerns
Crime
Historical Observances
Reorganization of State Government
Constitutional Reform
Higher Education
Great and Unexpected Changes
27. The State Looks to the Future
Appendixes
A. British Monarchs during Exploration, Settlement, and the Colonial Period
B. Chief Executives of North Carolina
C. North Carolina Counties
D. Population of North Carolina
E. Sites of Meetings of the Legislature
F. Chronology
Further Reading
Index
PREFACE
NORTH CAROLINA has been fortunate in the twentieth century in having many good survey histories. Samuel A. Ashe in 1908, soon after the appearance of the final volumes of the Colonial and State Records of North Carolina, published the first volume of his History of North Carolina through the end of the American Revolution; it was followed in 1925 by a second volume bringing the account down to his own day. Ashe, a native of New Hanover County, an alumnus of the United States Naval Academy, a Confederate officer, and then a Raleigh newspaper editor, organized his history chronologically yet dealt with the government, people, society, war, religion, education, and a host of other topics. Succeedi