Beyond Proprietorship. Murphree�s Laws on Community-Based Natural Resource Management in Southern Africa

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Description

Dr. Marshall Murphree is a prominent scholar in the �elds of common property theory, rural development, and natural resource management. After graduating from the London School of Economics with a doctorate in social anthropology, he returned home to Zimbabwe to work as a missionary before joining the University of Zimbabwe, where he became director, and subsequently Professor Emeritus, of the Centre for Applied Social Sciences. Beyond Proprietorship presents a range of contributions to the May 2007 conference held to honour Murphree�s work, and it conveys his central concerns of equality and fairness. The focus is on marginalised people living in poor and remote regions of Zimbabwe, but also includes important discussions about the policy implications of regional tenure regimes, and the place of local resource management in global conservation politics. The book is essential reading for anyone interested in the recent history and experience of remote area development, semi-arid agriculture, conservation, and wildlife utilisation in southern Africa.

Informations

• Publié par: Weaver Press
• Date de parution: 15 octobre 2009
• Nombre de lectures: 2
• EAN13: 9781779221179
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 5 Mo

Extrait

Contents

Beyond Proprietorship

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Contents

Beyond Proprietorship

Murphree’s Laws on Community-Based Natural Resource Management in Southern Africa

Edited by B.B. Mukamuri, J.M. Manjengwa & S. Anstey

Weaver Press HARARE

International Development Research Centre OTTAWACAIRODAKARM ONTEVIDEONAIROBI s s s s NEWDELHISING APORE s iii

CONTENTS

Weaver Press PO Box A1922 Avondale, Harare Zimbabwe www.weaverpresszimbabwe.com

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form, or by electronic or mechanical means, including information storage or retrieval systems, without permission in writing from the publishers, except by a reviewer who may quote brief passages in a review.

© This collection: Weaver Press, 2009 Individual chapters: the respective authors, 2009

ISBN 0-77922-072-1

Chapter 7 (‘More Than Socially Embedded: The Distinctive Character of “Communal Tenure” Regimes in South Africa and its Implications for Land Policy’) was first publishedin theJournal of Agrarian Change, Vol. 7, No. 3, July 2007, pp. 281–315, and is reproduced with permission.

The publishers would like to express their gratitude to the International Development Research Centre (IDRC), Ottawa, whose financial assistance made this publication possible.

Cover design by Heath Manyepa Cover photograph by Frédéric Baudron, CIRAD, Harare Typesetting by forzalibro designs Printed and bound in Mauritius by Précigraph Ltd.

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1 Introduction B.B. Mukamuri, J.M. Manjengwa & S. Anstey 1

2 Murphree’s Laws, Principles, Rules & Definitions Rowan B. Martin 7

3 Rethinking the Building Blocks A Critique of Demand Driven Decentralisation in Chizvirizvi Resettlement Area in Chiredzi District of Zimbabwe Chaka Chirozva 29

4 Beacon & Barometer CBNRM & evolutions in Local Democracy in Southern Africa Simon Anstey 41

5 Global-local linkages The meanings of CBNRM in global conservation politics Rosaleen Duffy 58

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6 Rural Institutions Challenges and Prospects for the active participation in Natural Resources Governance in Zimbabwe Billy Mukamuri

7 More than Socially Embedded The Distinctive Character of ‘Communal Tenure’ Regimes in South Africa & its Implications for Policy Ben Cousins 89

8 Conflicts & Commercialization Pressures over Forest Resources in the Post-Fast Track Land Reform Context in Zimbabwe A case of Seke Communal Lands Shylock Muyengwa 123

9 Gender Issues Surrounding Water Development & Management in Chishawasha Settlement Area Chipo Plaxedes Mubaya 136

10 Participatory Development of Community-based Management Plans for Livestock Feed Resources in Semi-arid Areas of Zimbabwe Experiences from Lower Guruve District B.G. Mombeshora, F. Chinembiri & T. Lynam 151

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11 Local Environmental Action Planning Making it Work Jeannette Manjengwa 164

12 Trying to Make Sense of it All Dealing with the Complexities of Community Based Natural Resource Management Michael A. Jones 179

13 Taking Murphree’s Principles into the Future The Research & Development Issues for CBNRM Initiatives in Southern Africa B.B. Mukamuri, J.M. Manjengwa & S. Anstey 198

Notes on Contributors 201

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Billy Mukamuri, Jeanette Manjengwa & Simon Anstey

1 Introduction Billy Mukamuri, Jeanette Manjengwa & Simon Anstey

This book seeks to capture the spirit of Professor Marshall Murphree’s work and convictions from the past, present and in shaping future research initia- tives. The book is based on a collection of papers that were prepared for and presented at a conference hosted in honour of Murphree’s work, held at Leop- ard Rock Hotel, Vumba, Zimbabwe, in May 2007. Professor Marshall Murphree contributed immensely to academia, to the conservation of wildlife resources, to community development and to race relations for more than four decades. His professional career as an academic and social developer was anchored at the Centre for Applied Social Sciences (CASS), formerly called the Centre for Race Relations, which he opened in the 1960s. The book covers a wide range of issues that are in the purview of Profes- sor Murphree’s scholarship, and conveys a central concern with the notion of equality and fairness to all humankind. There is a deliberate focus on the poor and marginalised people living in Southern Africa’s most impoverished and remote regions, characterised by low rainfall, limited agricultural potential, and poor infrastructure and social services. However, these remote regions have latent opportunities for economic development and conservation of nat- ural resources, particularly wildlife. This opportunity for wildlife-based devel- opment was noted by Murphree and his colleagues while they worked with the Department of National Parks and Wildlife Management. Following the attainment of Zimbabwe’s independence in 1980, race became sidelined in economic debates; access, management and benefit shar- ing of the country’s natural resources took centre stage. Murphree and his col- leagues spearheaded the wildlife proprietorship initiatives. The group’s effort led to the creation of the world acclaimed Communal Areas Management Pro- gramme for Indigenous Resources (Campfire) programme in the mid-1980s. The programme, though encompassing other natural resources, was centred on wildlife in Communal Areas adjacent to National Parks and other protected areas. It was, and is still, based on the principles set by Murphree and his col- leagues, notably Rowan Martin, who crafted the initial Campfire document. These principles centre on proprietorship of wildlife by communal people

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