Spatial Justice and the Irish Crisis

Description

As the global financial crisis enters its sixth year, this volume offers a wide-ranging critique of its handling. Academics in the field of social geography address the key political, economic and social shifts that have defined contemporary Ireland as it responds to the interrated collapses of the property market and the banking system. The concept of 'spatial justice' provides a cogent entry point for the authors into debates around austerity, equality and social justice. This volume enquires into the everyday concerns of citizens, planners and government officials alike. Each chapter undertakes a detailed examination of core aspects of the crisis and its management, including housing, planning and the environment, health, education, migration and unemployment. The analyses extend beyond the academy to questions of policy, governmentality, public participation and active citizenship. These contributions come from leading geographers across Ireland, the UK and North America.

Sujets

• Urban economics
• Economic geography

Informations

• Publié par: Royal Irish Academy
• Date de parution: 01 octobre 2014
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9781908996725
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 4 Mo

Extrait

SPATIAL JUSTICE AND THE IRISH CRISIS
EDITED BY GERRY KEARNS, DAVID M EREDITH AND JOHN MORRISSEY
Spatial Justice and the Irish Crisis
First e-published in 2015 by
Royal Irish Academy 19 Dawson Street, Dublin 2, Ireland www.ria.ie
Copyright Royal Irish Academy 2014
The authors have asserted their moral rights.
ISBN 978-1-908996-72-5
All rights reserved. The material in this publication is protected by copyright law. Except as may be permitted by law, no part of the material may be reproduced (including by storage in a retrieval system) or transmitted in any form or by any means; adapted; rented or lent without the written permission of the copyright owners.
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data. A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
This publication was grant-aided by the Publications Fund of National University of Ireland, Galway, by Teagasc (Ireland s Agriculture and Food Development Authority), and by the Geographical Society of Ireland.
CONTENTS
Preface
List of figures
List of tables
Abbreviations
Notes on contributors
Introduction
Gerry Kearns
FINANCIAL CRISIS
1. Spatial justice, housing and financial crisis
Danny Dorling
2. Territorial politics after the global financial crisis
John Agnew
CRISIS IN PLANNING
3. Spatial justice and housing in Ireland
Rory Hearne, Rob Kitchin and Cian O Callaghan
4. Planning gain in a time of crisis
Marie Mahon
5. Greening the economy in Ireland: Challenges and possibilities for just transitions through clustering for cleantech
Anna R. Davies
INEQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITY
6. The nature of uneven economic development in Ireland, 1991-2011
David Meredith and Jon Paul Faulkner
7. Environmental justice, childhood deprivation, and urban regeneration
Des McCafferty and Eileen Humphreys
8. Health and spatial justice
Ronan Foley and Adrian Kavanagh
CRISES OF IDENTITY
9. Immigration and spatial justice in contemporary Ireland
Mary Gilmartin
10. Spatial justice, religion and primary education
Gerry Kearns and David Meredith
SPATIAL JUSTICE
11. Challenging the political economies of injustice: An interview with David Harvey
John Morrissey
Bibliography
PREFACE
Over the past few years, the Geographical Sciences Committee of the Royal Irish Academy has undertaken three projects, focused around the theme of justice, covering climate justice, Africa, and spatial justice in Ireland. A fourth project resulted in the publication of an updated bibliography of Irish geography. The work on climate justice during 2010-11 included the promotion of an Academy Discourse by President Mary Robinson, Climate Justice: Challenge and Opportunity ; a workshop organized by Professor Anna Davies with international speakers on The Geography of Climate Justice ; and, in collaboration with the Mary Robinson Foundation for Climate Justice, a booklet on climate justice distributed to all Irish schools. In 2012, Dr Denis Linehan took the lead in organizing Africa Day: Environment, Society and Space , a day-long symposium, which included a graduate student panel and comprised a range of papers covering contemporary issues and challenges facing Africa. As part of the international responsibilities of the Academy, it produced for the International Geographical Union the regular quadrennial Bibliography of Irish Geography (2007-2011), edited by Professor Gerry Kearns. This and the booklet on climate justice are available for free download from the website of the Royal Irish Academy.
In 2013, the Committee focused on spatial justice, promoting an Academy Discourse by Professor Danny Dorling of Oxford University, Social Justice, Finance, and the Housing Crisis , which Member of the Academy and President of Ireland, Michael D. Higgins attended. Under the direction of Professor Gerry Kearns, Dr David Meredith, Dr John Morrissey and Professor Donald Lyons, and with financial support from the Geographical Society of Ireland, the Committee followed the Discourse with a one-day symposium on Spatial Justice and the Irish Crisis . Now, with the editorial and design services of Brendan O Brien, Gilly Clarke, Jeff Wilson, Fidelma Slattery and the Publications Committee of the Royal Irish Academy, with financial assistance from Teagasc (the Agriculture and Food Development Authority) and from the National University of Ireland, Galway, with the editorial work of Kearns, Meredith and Morrissey, and with the scholarly work of our contributors, we are able to bring this volume into publication as a record of the Committee s work on spatial justice. In it we publish Dorling s discourse, papers from the symposium and two specially commissioned works from international scholars, an essay by Professor John Agnew of University of California Los Angeles and Queen s University Belfast, and an interview Morrissey conducted with Professor David Harvey of the Graduate Center of City University of New York.
Our sincere thanks to all involved.
Gerry Kearns, David Meredith, John Morrissey (Editors) Paddy Duffy (Chair of the Geographical Sciences Committee)
LIST OF FIGURES 1.1 Dream home: 6000-square-foot house, front elevations and floor plans, USA 2001 1.2 Average number of days to complete a foreclosure in some US states, 2007-2012 1.3 The value of property in British cities, 2012, bn 1.4 Buildings over 70 metres tall constructed in New York, 1890-2009, by year 1.5 Number of buildings over 256 metres high built per year, worldwide, 1930-2012 1.6 Housing slated for demolition, Sheffield, UK 1.7 Debt added annually by sector, United States, 1979-2012 1.8 Parkhill Flats, Sheffield, UK 1.9 Repossessions and foreclosures in the United States, 2000-2011 (millions) 1.10 Boarded up housing used as a squat, Sheffield, UK 1.11 House prices in the UK, 1983-2013 1.12 Prime Central London property locations and national preferences, 2012 1.13 Percentage of income lost as a result of spending cuts 1.14 A street in Sheffield, UK 3.1 Living in half-empty estates: St Teresa s Gardens local authority estate in Dublin s inner city 3.2 Living in substandard conditions: sewage invasions in Dolphin House local authority estate, Dublin s inner city 3.3 Locations of unfinished estates in Ireland 3.4 Number of mortgages in arrears for more than 90 days 3.5 Projected rate of negative equity of owner-occupied houses built post-2001: (a) nationally; (b) in the Dublin region 6.1 Classification of electoral divisions according to the percentage of all persons of 15 years and over in employment, 2011 6.2 The structure of employment, Republic of Ireland, population aged 15 years and over, 1991, 2006, 2011 6.3 Changes in the structure of employment, Republic of Ireland, population aged 15 years and over, 1991-2011 8.1 KFIW scores mapped at ED level, 2011 8.2 KFIW score versus Pobal Haase-Pratschke Deprivation Index at ED level 9.1 Residential distribution of UK nationals by electoral division, 2011 9.2 Residential distribution of Polish nationals by electoral division, 2011 9.3 Residential distribution of Lithuanian nationals by electoral division, 2011 10.1 The Catholic proportion (%) of the population of Dublin City and County, and the other 25 counties of the Republic of Ireland, 1861-2011 10.2 Primary schools in the Republic of Ireland 10.3 Non-Catholic children and non-Catholic primary school places by local authority 10.4 Roman Catholic and other primary school children 10.5 Travel-to-school time 10.6 Journey time (minutes) for Catholics and non-Catholics 10.7 Distances between adjacent primary schools, 2011
LIST OF TABLES 3.1 Housing Needs Assessment 2011 3.2 Occupancy rates on PPP regeneration estates in Dublin City, 2008 and 2013 5.1 The Green Way Cleantech Cluster 5.2 The Green Way Cleantech Cluster partner enterprises 5.3 The Rediscovery Centre 6.1 Composition of area types 6.2 Employment rates in rural and urban areas 1991, 2006 and 2011 6.3 Unemployment rates in rural and urban areas 1991, 2006 and 2011 7.1 Percentage of children in the abnormal range on difficulties scales 7.2 Population change 2006-2011 in the regeneration areas 8.1 National responses to general health questions, 2001 and 2011 8.2 KFIW scores for local authorities, 2011 8.3 KFIW score for disability categories 9.1 Immigration to Ireland by nationality group, 2008-2012, 000s 9.2 City population of Ireland by nationality, 2011, 000s 9.3 Selected employment by nationality and sector, 2011 9.4 Social class by nationality in the Dublin regional authority area, 2011 9.5 Urban unemployment by nationality, 2011, % 10.1 For the state sector, the school management type (%) by religion of primary school children in Northern Ireland, 2012-13 10.2 The management of schools in the Republic of Ireland, 2012
ABBREVIATIONS
AIRO All-Island Research Observatory
BoM Board of Management
CRG Constitution Review Group
CSO Central Statistics Office
DDDA Dublin Docklands Development Authority
DECLG Department of the Environment, Community and Local Government
DEHLG Department of the Environment, Heritage and Local Government
DELG Department of the Environment and Local Government
DES Department of Education and Skills
DJEI Department of Jobs, Enterprise and Innovation
DLR Dun Laoghaire/Rathdown
ED electoral division
EEA European Economic Area
EGFSN Expert Group on Future Skills Needs
EMU Economic and Monetary Union of the European Union
EPA Environmental Protection Agency
ESRI Economic and Social Research Institute
EU European Union
EU-10 the countries that joined the EU in 2004, viz. Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia
EU-12 the countries that joined the EU in 2004 or 2007, viz. the EU-10 plus Romania and Bulgaria
EU-15 The EU member countries prior to 1 May 2004
EU-27 The EU member countries prior to 1 July 2013
EU-SILC European Union Survey Index of Living Condi