Mac OS X Lion: High-impact Strategies - What You Need to Know: Definitions, Adoptions, Impact, Benefits, Maturity, Vendors

Kevin Roebuck

Description

Mac OS X Lion (version 10.7) is the eighth major release of Mac OS X, Apple's desktop and server operating system for Macintosh computers. Lion is released in July 2011. Apple's homepage and Mac OS X webpages refer to it as OS X Lion, without the ""Mac"", although Apple's press release for Lion's July release uses both ""Mac OS X Lion"" and ""OS X Lion"".

A preview of Lion was publicly unveiled at Apple's ""Back to the Mac"" event on October 20, 2010. It will bring many developments made in Apple's iOS, such as an easily-navigable display of installed applications, to the Mac, and will include support for the Mac App Store, as introduced in Mac OS X Snow Leopard version 10.6.6. On February 24, 2011, the first developer's preview of Lion (11A390) was released to subscribers of Apple's developers program. Other developer previews were subsequently released, with Lion Preview 4 (11A480b) being released at WWDC 2011. Lion achieved Golden Master status on July 1, 2011.

This book is your ultimate resource for Mac OS X Lion. Here you will find the most up-to-date information, analysis, background and everything you need to know.

In easy to read chapters, with extensive references and links to get you to know all there is to know about Mac OS X Lion right away, covering: Mac OS X Lion, List of Mac OS X components, Mac OS X, List of Mac OS X technologies, Accessibility Inspector, ACHDS, Activity Monitor, AirDrop (OS X), Apple Help Viewer, Apple Icon Image format, Apple Open Directory, Apple Partition Map, Apple Software Restore, Apple Symbols, Apple-Intel transition, Application bundle, Application Kit, Architecture of Mac OS X, Audio MIDI Setup, Automator (software), Bcfg2, Blued, Bluetooth File Exchange, Bonjour (software), BootX (Apple), Chess (application), Classic Environment, Conflict Resolver, Console (Mac OS X), Crash Reporter (Mac OS X), Darwin (operating system), Defaults (software), Dictionary (software), DigitalColor Meter, Directory Utility, Disk Utility, DiskImageMounter, Apple Disk Image, .DS Store, DVD Player (software), FileVault, Font Book, FSEvents, Grab (software), HFS Plus, Hidden file and hidden directory, History of Mac OS X, I/O Kit, IChat, IChat Server, Image Capture, Installer (Mac OS X), Internet Connect, Internet Explorer 5, ITerm2, Jar Launcher, Keychain (Mac OS), Label (Mac OS), Launchd, Launchpad (Mac OS X), Mac App Store, Mac OS X Leopard, Mac OS X Panther, Mac OS X Public Beta, Mac OS X Server 1.0, Mac OS X v10.0, Mac OS X v10.1, Mac OS X v10.2, Mac OS X Tiger, Mac OS X Snow Leopard, Macintosh Manager, Mail (application), Max (software), Menlo (typeface), Migration Assistant (Apple), Monaco (typeface), Mitch Bradley, NetInfo, Network Utility, New World ROM, ODBC Administrator, OoVoo, Open (process), OSx86, Open Firmware, Package (Mac OS X), Pasteboard server, Photo Booth, Pmset, Podcast Capture, Prebinding, Preference Pane, Printer Setup Utility, Project Builder, Property list, Quartz (graphics layer), Quick Look, Remote Install Mac OS X, Repair permissions, Rhapsody (operating system), Rosetta (software), Safari (web browser), Screen Sharing, ScreenSaverEngine, Mac OS X Server, Apple Software Update, Soviet Unterzoegersdorf, Spaces (software), Sparse image, Speakable items, Spinning wait cursor, System Preferences, System Profiler, SystemStarter, Talking Moose, Target Disk Mode, Apple Terminal, TextClipping, Ultracopier, Uniform Type Identifier, Universal Access, Universal binary, Universal Disk Image Format, Xinetd, XNU, Xprotect

This book explains in-depth the real drivers and workings of Mac OS X Lion. It reduces the risk of your technology, time and resources investment decisions by enabling you to compare your understanding of Mac OS X Lion with the objectivity of experienced professionals.

Sujets

• Computers
• Informatique
• General officer
• General

Informations

• Publié par: Emereo Publishing
• Date de parution: 24 octobre 2012
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9781743331705
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 16 Mo

Extrait

Topîc relevant selected content rom tHe HîgHest rated entrîes, typeset, prînted and sHîpped.

Combîne tHe advantages o up-to-date and în-deptH knowledge wîtH tHe convenîence o prînted books.

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he content wîtHîn tHîs book was generated collaboratîvely by volunteers. Please be advîsed tHat notHîng ound Here Has necessarîly been revîewed by people wîtH tHe expertîse requîred to pro- vîde you wîtH complete, accurate or relîable înormatîon. Some înormatîon în tHîs book maybe mîsleadîng or sîmply wrong. he publîsHer does not guarantee tHe valîdîty o tHe înormatîon ound Here. I you need specîic advîce (or example, medîcal, legal, inancîal, or rîsk manage- ment) please seek a proessîonal wHo îs lîcensed or knowledgeable în tHat area.

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Contents

Articles Mac OS X Lion List of Mac OS X components Mac OS X List of Mac OS X technologies Accessibility Inspector ACHDS Activity Monitor AirDrop (OS X) Apple Help Viewer Apple Icon Image format Apple Open Directory Apple Partition Map Apple Software Restore Apple Symbols Apple–Intel transition Application bundle Application Kit Architecture of Mac OS X Audio MIDI Setup Automator (software) Bcfg2 blued Bluetooth File Exchange Bonjour (software) BootX (Apple) Chess (application) Classic Environment Conflict Resolver Console (Mac OS X) Crash Reporter (Mac OS X) Darwin (operating system) defaults (software) Dictionary (software) DigitalColor Meter

1 7 10 23 27 28 29 30 31 33 35 37 39 39 42 49 51 51 54 55 57 58 59 60 64 67 68 70 71 72 74 80 81 83

Directory Utility Disk Utility DiskImageMounter Apple Disk Image .DS_Store DVD Player (software) FileVault Font Book FSEvents Grab (software) HFS Plus Hidden file and hidden directory

History of Mac OS X I/O Kit iChat iChat Server Image Capture Installer (Mac OS X) Internet Connect Internet Explorer 5 ITerm2 Jar Launcher Keychain (Mac OS) Label (Mac OS) launchd Launchpad (Mac OS X) Mac App Store Mac OS X Leopard Mac OS X Panther Mac OS X Public Beta Mac OS X Server 1.0 Mac OS X v10.0 Mac OS X v10.1

Mac OS X v10.2 Mac OS X Tiger Mac OS X Snow Leopard Macintosh Manager Mail (application)

84 85 87 88 90 91 92 95 96 97 99 103 104 108 109 112 113

114 115 116 125 127 128 130 131 136 138 140 150 153 155 157 161 164 167 175 187 188

Max (software) Menlo (typeface) Migration Assistant (Apple) Monaco (typeface) Mitch Bradley NetInfo Network Utility New World ROM ODBC Administrator ooVoo open (process) OSx86 Open Firmware Package (Mac OS X) pasteboard server Photo Booth pmset Podcast Capture Prebinding Preference Pane Printer Setup Utility Project Builder Property list Quartz (graphics layer) Quick Look Remote Install Mac OS X Repair permissions Rhapsody (operating system) Rosetta (software) Safari (web browser) Screen Sharing ScreenSaverEngine Mac OS X Server Apple Software Update Soviet Unterzoegersdorf Spaces (software) Sparse image Speakable items

191 196 197 199 200 201 203 205 207 208 209 210 217 219 220 220 223 229 230 230 231 231 232 235 237 239 240 241 243 246 256 256 257 265 267 269 271 272

Spinning wait cursor System Preferences System Profiler SystemStarter Talking Moose Target Disk Mode Apple Terminal textClipping Ultracopier Uniform Type Identifier Universal Access Universal binary Universal Disk Image Format xinetd XNU Xprotect

References Article Sources and Contributors Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors

Article Licenses License

274 277 279 280 280 282 285 286 287 289 292 294 296 297 298 301

302 310

313

Mac OS X Lion

Mac OS X Lion

Website

Mac OS X v10.7 "Lion" Part of the Mac OS X family

Release date

Preview version

Source model

License

Kernel type

Preceded by

Screenshot of Mac OS X Lion

Developer

Apple Inc.

[1] Official website

Releases

[2] July 2011 (info )

[3] 11A511 (July 1, 2011) (info )

Closed source (with open source components)

APSL and Apple EULA

Hybrid

Mac OS X v10.6 "Snow Leopard"

Support status

Unreleased

[4] Mac OS X Lion(version 10.7) is set to be the eighth major release of Mac OS X, Apple's desktop and server [5] operating system for Macintosh computers. Lion is set to be released in July 2011. The Apple site homepage and [6] Mac OS X webpages refer to it asOS X Lion, without the "Mac", although Apple's press release for Lion's July [5] release uses both "Mac OS X Lion" and "OS X Lion".

A preview of Lion was publicly unveiled at Apple's "Back to the Mac" event on October 20, 2010. It will bring many developments made in Apple's iOS, such as an easily-navigable display of installed applications, to the Mac, and will [7] [8] include support for the Mac App Store, as introduced in Mac OS X Snow Leopard version 10.6.6. On February 24, 2011, the first developer's preview of Lion (11A390) was released to subscribers of Apple's developers [9] program. Other developer previews were subsequently released, with Lion Preview 4 (11A480b) being released at [10] [11] WWDC 2011. Lion achieved Golden Master status on July 1, 2011.

1

Mac OS X Lion

Release On June 6, at WWDC 2011, it was announced that the official release for Lion would be in July 2011 and that, unlike previous versions, which were released on a set of CD-ROMs or a DVD-ROM, Lion would only be available [12] [13] as a download from the Mac App Store for US$29.99. The only prior version of OS X that supports the Mac App Store is Snow Leopard, implying that any machines that support Lion currently running Tiger or Leopard will first have to be upgraded to Snow Leopard, as opposed to allowing a direct upgrade to Lion. The Server portion of [14] Lion will be available as a separate download from the Mac App Store for US$49.99.

Hardware support The first developer preview of Lion added TRIM support for solid-state drives (SSDs) shipped with Macs, which is also included in the latest build of Snow Leopard (10.6.8) shipping with current MacBook Pros. As of yet, there is no [15] TRIM support for other SSDs.

System requirements  x86-64 processor (Macs with an Intel Core 2 Duo, Intel Core i3, Intel Core i5, Intel Core i7, or Xeon processor.) [12] [16] [17]  At least 2GB of RAM [12]  Latest version of Mac OS X Snow Leopard (10.6.8), with the Mac App Store installed [17]  At least 4GB of free disk space for downloading Like Snow Leopard, Lion does not support PowerPC-based Macs (e.g., Power Macs, PowerBooks, iBooks, iMacs (G3-G5), eMacs). Furthermore, Lion does not support 32-bit Intel Core Duo or Core Solo based Macs. Rosetta is no longer available in Lion, which means Lion no longer supports PowerPC applications.

New or changed features

Some new features were announced at the "Back to the Mac" keynote in October 2010, and the Apple website was updated in February 2011 with more details. Other features were announced at the WWDC 2011 keynote or on Apple's Mac OS X Lion Web site after the keynote. Apple claims that there are over 250 new or changed features in Lion, including: Address Booknow uses an iPad-like user interface [18] AirDrop–Lion-to-Lion direct file sharing via Wi-Fi Direct. No wireless access point required. Address space layout randomization–Address space layout randomization (ASLR), a security technique that puts important data in unpredictable locations, making it harder to target known weaknesses, is available for [19] 32-bit applications, and "has been improved for all applications", in Lion. [20] Auto-correctionnow behaves much like on iOS devices, displaying an iOS-like popup box. Auto Save–As in iOS, documents in applications written to use Auto Save will be saved automatically so users [21] don't have to worry about manually managing their documents. [20] [22] Emoji support–Apple has added a new Emoji font commonly used in chat to express ideograms. Exposé in the Dock, a way of activating Exposa for a single application from the Dock, a feature added in Mac [23] OS X 10.6, is altered. One must now double-tap with two fingers on a dock icon to initiate single application exposa, or simply right-click or control-click and select Show All Windows. [13] FaceTimecomes bundled with Lion. FileVaultnow offers full disk encryption added security with XTS-AES 128 data encryption. Support for [24] FileVault on external hard drives has also been added.

2

Mac OS X Lion

Finderimprovements–Finder search offers suggestions, files can be grouped by various attributes, and one can now merge files under two folders with the same name–a prompt will appear asking whether one wants to [25] [26] replace or keep both files. Font Book 3aFont Book 3 now provides more flexible displays of character glyphs supplied by a particular font face. Duplicate font files are now flagged with a warning icon, and can be fixed automatically or resolved [22] manually. Full-screen apps–Native, system-wide support for full-screen applications. Supporting applications display a [27] new button at the top right of application window, this button opens applications in full-screen mode. High-quality multilingual speech voices–Apple allows you to download new high-quality voices in more than [28] [29] forty languages and dialects. [30] [31] iCalhas an updated user interface, an annual view, and support for a full-screen view. iChatnow has support for logging into Yahoo! Messenger. Users can audio- and video-chat with other iChat [32] [33] users using their Yahoo! accounts. Languages/Localisation–Arabic, Czech, Turkish and Hungarian are added as full system languages, to make [34] the total number of twenty-two languages available in Mac OS X. Launchpad–An application launcher that displays an iOS-like icon grid of installed applications. It features the [35] ability to make multiple pages and group apps into folders that function the same as folders in iOS. Mac App Store–An application store built in the image of the iOS App Store. Like in iOS, it will provide ways for shoppers to discover apps, one-click installation of apps, and one-click updates of all or selected installed [8] [36] [37] applications. Despite being announced as a future feature of Lion, the Mac App Store was released for [38] Mac OS X Snow Leopard on January 6, 2011 as it was bundled with the Mac OS X 10.6.6 update. Mail 5–Uses an iPad-like user interface, has a fullscreen-optimized view, uses chronological "Conversations" to [39] [40] organize messages, and supports Exchange 2010. Mission Controlreplaces the "All windows" Exposa feature. It gives an overview of all running applications just like "All windows" but groups windows from the same application. At the top of the screen it gives quick access [8] [41] to the Dashboard, Spaces, and running full screen applications. Multi-touch gestures–Similar to iOS, additional gestures performed using a multi-touch input device (e.g. Magic Mouse, Magic Trackpad) will allow the user to scroll, swipe to different pages, and enter Mission [42] Control. While this is not the first official multi-touch support for Mac OS X, it has been expanded; other [43] frameworks, such as Lux, have already created multi-touch support. Multi-User Screen SharingaThe built-in Screen Sharing feature now allows remote users to log into a separate user account from the one that is currently logged in. That means that while one user is logged into a machine, a [44] [45] second user can login to the same machine remotely, seeing their own desktop and user environment. Previewgains several features, including full-screen support and the ability to sign a document just by holding a [46] [47] signed piece of paper up to the camera. QuickTimere-incorporates some features from QuickTime Pro. New features cited include Copy/Paste, Insert [47] Clip, Crop Video, Rotate Video, Resize, Trim, and more Export options. Recovery Partition–Apple has introduced a recovery partition that includes utilities generally found on the OS [48] [49] X discs. This partition will allow the user to restore their computer to its original factory state. [50] Resume–Applications resume in the same state when re-opened as already seen in iOS. [51] [52] Safari–With full-screen mode and the new WebKit2 layout engine. System Information–This feature is a re-design of "About This Mac" and has been completely altered with new views which display graphical information on displays, storage devices, memory usage along with other hardware [53] information. Terminalhas extra features, including full screen mode. TextEditgains a new graphical toolbar with font selection and text highlighting. The new TextEdit also supports [54] [55] Apple's new automatic file saving and versions technologies.

3

Mac OS X Lion

Versions–Time Machine-like saving and browsing of past versions of documents for applications written to use [21] Versions. [20] [55] Vertical text–Lion supports vertical layouts for East Asian languages. [56] The complete list from Apple can be found on Apple's website.

Server features Wiki Server 3–Making it easier to collaborate, share, and exchange information. Users can quickly switch between a server's home page, My Page, Updates, Wikis, People, and Podcasts. File sharing is simpler, and a new [14] Page Editor is added for easy customization. File Sharing for iPad–Lion Server delivers wireless file sharing for iPad. Enabling WebDAV in Lion Server gives iPad users the ability to access, copy, and share documents on the server from applications such as Keynote, [14] Numbers, and Pages. Profile Manager–Profile Manager delivers simple, profile-based setup and management for Mac OS X Lion, iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch devices. It also integrates with existing directory services and delivers automatic [14] [57] over-the-air profile updates using the Apple Push Notification service.

Refinements to the user interface  Redesigned Aqua user interface elements, including buttons and progress bars. The red, yellow, and green buttons in the window decorations have also been made smaller. [58] [59]  Flexible window resizing from any corner or edge of the window.  The metal finish has also been slightly altered. It is now a lighter shade of grey than before and features a speckled texture. [58]  On demand scroll bars now disappear similar to iOS when they are not being used by default.  Scrolling is reversed by default, to act more like a touch screen computer. (Content moves in the direction of finger movement on touch-pad or mouse.) Also, like in iOS, scrolling "bounces" when the scroll bar hits the top [60] or bottom of the window.  When resizing a window by clicking on the green button (left-top), a transform-effect animates the enlargement.  New windows fly to the front (like opening an app in iOS).  The dashboard is now its own space in Mission Control, rather than in previous versions of OS X where the widgets simply flew in and the background dimmed. The "ripple effect" that was seen previously when adding widgets is no longer there due to this change. Users have the option to return to the old dashboard configuration in System Preferences.  Tabs, when selected, now appear as being pushed in and darkened as opposed to previous versions where selected [61] tabs were highlighted in aqua blue.

Dropped features [62] Front Row [62]  AJava Runtime Environment(JRE) is no longer installed by default, but can be installed on demand. [63] [64] Adobe Flash Playeris no longer installed by default and must be installed manually. Rosetta, software which makes possible the execution of PowerPC software on x86 hardware, is no longer [62] available.

4

Mac OS X Lion

References

[1] http://www.apple.com/macosx/ [2] http://www.apple.com/macosx/lion/ [3] http://www.macrumors.com/2011/07/01/os-x-lion-golden-master-seeded-to-developers/ [4] "Mac OS X Lion With 250 New Features Available in July From Mac App Store" (http:/ /www.apple.com/pr/library/2011/06/06lion. html).Apple.com. Apple Inc.. . Retrieved June 6, 2011. "Apple today announced that Mac OS X Lion [...] will be available to customers in July as a download from the Mac App Store for $29.99." [5] "OS X Lion" (http://www.apple.com/macosx/).Apple.com. Apple Inc.. . Retrieved June 6, 2011. "Coming in July to the Mac App Store for just $29.99." [6] "OS X Lion - The world's most advanced desktop operating system." (http:/ /www.apple.com/macosx/). . Retrieved 11 June 2011. [7] Graham, Jefferson (October 21, 2010). "New Apple MacBook Air costs less, plus App Store is coming" (http:/ /www.usatoday.com/tech/ products/2010-10-20-apple-macbook_N.htm).USA Today. . [8] "Apple unveils new MacBook Airs, previews Lion" (http:/ /news.cnet.com/8301-13860_3-20020208-56.html).CNET. . Retrieved October 22, 2010. [9] Ex (February 25, 2011). "Apple Seeds First Mac OS X 10.7 Lion Build 11A390 | iPhone in Canada Blog–Canada's No. 1 iPhone Resource" (http://www.iphoneincanada.ca/apple-software/apple-seeds-first-mac-os-x-10-7-lion-build-11a390/). iPhoneinCanada.ca. . Retrieved June 7, 2011. [10] "Apple devs get iTunes 10.5 beta, Apple TV 2 beta, Xcode 4.2 Preview and Lion Preview 4" (http:/ /www.appleinsider.com/articles/11/ 06/06/apple_says_devices_updated_to_ios_5_beta_cant_be_restored_to_earlier_versions. html). AppleInsider. . Retrieved June 7, 2011. [11] "OS X Lion Golden Master seeded to developers ahead of July launch" (http:/ /9to5mac.com/2011/07/01/ os-x-lion-golden-master-seeded-to-developers/). . Retrieved July 1,2011. [12] "OS X Lion - Get Lion in July. Only from the Mac App Store." (http:/ /www.apple.com/macosx/how-to-buy/). Apple Inc.. . Retrieved June 7, 2011. [13] "Mac OS X Lion Set for July Debut Priced at $29.99, Mac App Store Exclusive" (http:/ /www.macrumors.com/2011/06/06/ mac-os-x-lion-set-for-july-debut-priced-at-29-99-mac-app-store-exclusive/ ). Mac Rumors. . Retrieved June 7, 2011. [14] "Lion Server - The server for everyone." (http:/ /www.apple.com/macosx/server/). Apple Inc.. . Retrieved June 7, 2011. [15] "Inside Mac OS X 10.7 Lion: Apple adds SSD TRIM support" (http:/ /www.appleinsider.com/articles/11/02/25/ apple_adds_ssd_trim_support_to_mac_os_x_10_7_lion_beta. html). AppleInsider. February 25, 2011. . Retrieved June 7, 2011. [16] "Mac OS X Lion Roundup: Recovery Partitions, TRIM Support, Core 2 Duo Minimum, Focus on Security" (http:/ /www.macrumors.com/ 2011/02/25/mac-os-x-lion-roundup-recovery-partitions-trim-support-core-2-duo-minimum-focus-on-security/ ). Mac Rumors. February 25, 2011. . Retrieved June 7, 2011. [17] "Mac OS X 10.7 Lion System Requirements" (http:/ /osxdaily.com/2011/06/07/mac-os-x-10-7-lion-system-requirements/). Osxdaily.com. . Retrieved 2011-06-21. [18] "AirDrop" (http://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/features.html#airdrop). Apple Inc.. . Retrieved June 6, 2011. [19] "Security" (http://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/features.html#security). Apple Inc.. . Retrieved June 6, 2011. [20] "Text" (http://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/features.html#text). Apple Inc.. . Retrieved June 6, 2011. [21] "Auto Save and Versions–Every edit, every rewrite. Saved." (http://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/auto-save.html). Apple Inc.. . Retrieved June 6, 2011. [22] "Inside Mac OS X 10.7 Lion: Font Book 3, Emoji support" (http:/ /www.appleinsider.com/articles/11/02/27/ inside_mac_os_x_10_7_lion_font_book_3_emoji_support. html). AppleInsider. February 27, 2011. . Retrieved June 7, 2011. [23]Apple,Inc."WhatisMacOSX?-Exposa"(http://web.archive.org/web/20101206202621/http://www.apple.com/macosx/ what-is-macosx/expose.html).Apple.com. Archived from the original (http://www.apple.com/macosx/what-is-macosx/expose.html) on 2010-12-06. . Retrieved 6 December 2010. [24] "FileVault 2" (http://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/features.html#filevault2). Apple Inc.. . Retrieved June 6, 2011. [25] "Finder" (http://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/features.html#finder). Apple Inc.. . Retrieved June 6, 2011. [26] AppleInsider Staff (February 27, 2011). "Inside Mac OS X 10.7 Lion: New Finder search, item arrangement views" (http:/ /www. appleinsider.com/articles/11/02/27/inside_mac_os_x_10_7_lion_new_finder_search_item_arrangement_views. html).AppleInsider. AppleInsider, Inc. . Retrieved February 27, 2011. [27] "Full-Screen Apps–Work and play without distractions." (http://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/full-screen.html). Apple Inc.. . Retrieved June 6, 2011. [28] "Accessibility" (http://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/features.html#accessibility). Apple Inc.. . Retrieved June 6, 2011. [29] "Archives" (http://www.appleinsider.com/articles/11/03/02/ inside_mac_os_x_10_7_lion_dozens_of_high_quality_new_multilingual_speech_voices. htmlml). AppleInsider. . Retrieved June 7, 2011. [30] "iCal" (http://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/features.html#ical). Apple Inc.. . Retrieved June 6, 2011. [31] "Mac OS X 10.7 Lion: iCal 4.0 gets annual view, iPad appearance" (http:/ /www.appleinsider.com/articles/11/04/01/ mac_os_x_10_7_lion_ical_4_0_gets_annual_view_ipad_appearance. html). April 1, 2011. . Retrieved June 6, 2011. [32] "iChat" (http://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/features.html#ichat6). Apple Inc.. . Retrieved June 6, 2011.

5