The Social Dynamics of Open Data

Description

The Social Dynamics of Open Data is a collection of peer reviewed papers presented at the 2nd Open Data Research Symposium (ODRS) held in Madrid, Spain, on 5 October 2016. Research is critical to developing a more rigorous and fine-combed analysis not only of why open data is valuable, but how it is valuable and under what specific conditions. The objective of the Open Data Research Symposium and the subsequent collection of chapters published here is to build such a stronger evidence base. This base is essential to understanding what open data�s impacts have been to date, and how positive impacts can be enabled and amplified. Consequently, common to the majority of chapters in this collection is the attempt by the authors to draw on existing scientific theories, and to apply them to open data to better explain the socially embedded dynamics that account for open data�s successes and failures in contributing to a more equitable and just society.

Informations

• Publié par: African Minds
• Date de parution: 17 décembre 2017
• Nombre de lectures: 2
• EAN13: 9781928331575
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 1 Mo

Extrait

THE SOCIAL DYNAMICS OF OPEN DATA
THE SOCIAL DYNAMICS OF OPEN DATA
The Social Dynamics of
The Social Dynamics of Open Data is a collection of peer reviewed papers
presented at the 2nd Open Data Research Symposium (ODRS) held in Madrid,
Spain, on 5 October 2016. Open Data
Research is critical to developing a more rigorous and fine-combed analysis
not only of why open data is valuable, but how it is valuable and under what
specific conditions. The objective of the Open Data Research Symposium
Edited by François van Schalkwyk, Stefaan G Verhulst, Gustavo Magalhaes, and the subsequent collection of chapters published here is to build such a
Juan Pane & Johanna Walkerstronger evidence base. This base is essential to understanding what open
data’s impacts have been to date, and how positive impacts can be enabled
and amplified.
Consequently, common to the majority of chapters in this collection is the
attempt by the authors to draw on existing scientific theories, and to apply
them to open data to better explain the socially embedded dynamics that
account for open data’s successes and failures in contributing to a more
equitable and just society.
AFRICAN MINDS
AFRICAN
MINDSwww.africanminds.org.zaThe
Social
Dynamics
of Open Data
Edited by
François van Schalkwyk, Stefaan G Verhulst,
Gustavo Magalhaes, Juan Pane & Johanna Walker
AFRICAN
MINDSPublished in 2017 by African Minds
4 Eccleston Place, Somerset West 7130, Cape Town, South Africa
[e-mail]
www.afric.za
Tis work is published under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY).
ISBN Paper 978-1-928331-56-8
ISBN eBook 978-1-928331-57-5
ISBN ePub 978-1-928331-58-2
Orders
African Minds
4 Eccleston Place, Somerset West 7130, Cape Town, South Africa
[e-mail]
www.afric.za
For orders from outside South Africa:
African Books Collective
PO Box 721, Oxford OX1 9EN, UK
[e-mail]
www.africanbookscollective.comContents
About this book v
Chapter 1 Introduction: Te state of open data and open data research 1
François van Schalkwyk & Stefaan G Verhulst
Chapter 2 Te challenges of institutionalising open government data:
A historical perspective of Chile’s OGD initiative and digital
government institutions 13
Felipe González-Zapata & Richard Heeks
Chapter 3 Beyond standards and regulations: Obstacles to local open
government data initiatives in Italy and France 35
Federico Piovesan
Chapter 4 Governance of open spatial data infrastructures in Europ e 63
Glenn Vancauwenberghe & Bastiaan van Loenen
Chapter 5 Beyond mere advocacy: CSOs and the role of intermediaries
in Nigeria’s open data ecosystem 89
Patrick Enaholo
Chapter 6 Rethinking civil society organisations working in the
freedom of information and open government data felds 109
Silvana Fumega
Chapter 7 O pen your data and will ‘they’ build it? A case of open data
co-production in health service delivery 139
Fabrizio Scrollini
Chapter 8 T e relational impact of open data intermediation:
Experience from Indonesia and the Philippines 153
Arthur Glenn Maail
Chapter 9 Smart cities need to be open: Te case of Jakarta, Indonesia 167
Michael P Caňares
Chapter 10 P rotecting privacy while releasing data:
Strategies to maximise benefts and mitigate risks 183
Joel Gurin, Matt Rumsey, Audrey Ariss & Katherine Garcia
iiiAbout this book
Te chapters in this edited volume have all trodden the well-worn path from an
opening call for abstracts to publication. Te call in question was for the Open
Data Research Symposium (ODRS), the second edition of which was held on
5 October 2016 in Madrid. ODRS 2016 was chaired by Stefaan Verhulst and
François van Schalkwyk with the invaluable support of the organising committee
comprised of Emmy Chirchir (Munster University), Katie Clancy (International
Development Research Centre), Gisele Craveiro (University of Sao Paulo), Tim
Davies (University of Southampton), Kyujin Jung (Tennessee State University),
Gustavo Magalhaes (University of Austin Texas), Michelle McLeod (University
of the West Indies), Stefania Milan (University of Amsterdam), Fernando Perini
(International Development Research Centre) and Andrew Young (Te GovLab,
NYU Tandon School of Engineering).
ODRS is a bi-annual gathering designed to provide a dedicated space for
researchers working specifcally on open data to refect critically on their fndings,
and to apply and advance theories that explain the dynamics of open data as a
socially constructed phenomenon and practice.
Te ODRS space is meant to shelter researchers from the ever-present demands
for quick wins, short-term results, tweet-length fndings and immediate impacts.
Tis is not to suggest that researchers should be immune to considerations of
relevance and transfer, but the International Open Data Conference (IODC)
that follows on the day after the ODRS is perhaps the more appropriate place
for researchers to dust of their business cards, brighten their brochures and have
their two-minute sound bites locked and loaded.
Selecting the Papers
A total of 70 abstracts were received by the ODRS programme committee. All
abstracts were reviewed by at least two peers recruited either from within the
committee or from a pool of invited external experts. Te review process followed
a single-blind review process. In cases of conficting reviews, a third, tie-break
review was sought. Of the 70 abstracts received, 29 were accepted, and authors of
accepted abstracts were invited to submit a full paper by a deadline of just under
a month ahead of the Symposium. All 29 authors submitted full papers and 28
were able to present their research in Madrid.
vTHE SOCIAL DYNAMICS OF OPEN DATA
Te Symposium was designed such that the morning’s parallel sessions
consisted of paper presentations. Te afternoon sessions were an opportunity
for researchers to discuss a range of research-relevant issues such as available
research infrastructure, methodologies for conducting research on open data,
and ‘getting to grips with the impact of open data’. A session was also convened
to discuss the publication of the papers presented at the Symposium. In these
discussions, novel approaches to publishing were blended with more traditional
approaches. Te goal was to test the best possible approach that would strike a
balance between quality, prestige, speed and accessibility.
After the Symposium, the ideas that surfaced during the consultation on
the preferred publication format were shared with all ODRS attendees via a
Google Document. Te outcome of this consultative process was agreement
(if not consensus) to publish the papers as chapters in an open access edited
volume within a year of the Symposium; that the editors would be from the
ODRS programme committee but could include others who participated in
the Symposium; that those who presented papers should be given the option
to include their paper and could, without prejudice, seek alternative publishing
options; and that all papers would be double-blind peer reviewed.
Following the Symposium, 24 papers were submitted for consideration, some
of which were revised versions of the papers presented at the Symposium. Te
authors of these revised papers had used the feedback received from their peers at
the Symposium to make improvements to their papers. Te fnal selection of ten
papers was based on the recommendations of the reviewers, the revisions made by
the authors, and on determinations made by the editors regarding the papers’ ft
with the volume’s overall focus on the social dynamics of open data. In addition,
given that much of the existing research on open data is descriptive, the editors
gave preference to papers that contribute to theory-building. A deliberate attempt
was made during the review process to invite one reviewer with expertise on open
data and a second reviewer more familiar with the non-data-specifc concepts
or the theoretical framework used in a paper. Te editors received nine revised
papers, and these are the papers that appear as chapters in this volume.
In addition to the nine research chapters, the co-chairs of the conference wrote
a framing chapter which is published as the introduction to this volume.
About the papers in this volume
Transitioning from abstracts submitted in response to an open call to a
collection of nine chapters that are in some way coherent in their content is
well-near impossible, particularly if quality and relevance to a broadly defned
topic area are the primary selection criteria. Remarkably, though, some content
‘patterns’ are discernible. Te most obvious of these are, frst, papers concerning
the governance of open data (Canares; Gurin et al.; Vancauwenberghe and Van
Loenen) and institutionalisation (Gonzalez and Heeks; Piovesan); and, second,
viINTRODUCTION
papers that address the role of intermediaries in open data ecosystems (Enaholo;
Maail; Fumega; Scrollini).
Te chapters on governance and institutionalization make an impor