Encyclopedia of World Scientists, Updated Edition

Elizabeth Oakes

Description

Encyclopedia of World Scientists, Updated Edition is a comprehensive reference tool for learning about scientists and their work. It includes 500 cross-referenced profiles of well-known scientific "greats" of history and contemporary scientists whose work is verging on prominence. More than 100 entries are devoted to women and minority scientists.

Each entry includes the subject's full name, dates of birth/death, nationality, and field(s) of specialization. A biographical essay focuses primarily on the subject's scientific work and achievements; it also highlights additional information, such as place of birth, parents' names and occupations, name(s) of spouse(s) and children, educational background, jobs held, and awards earned.

Profiles include:

• Archimedes (c. 287–212 BCE): Mathematician 


• Nicolaus Copernicus (1473–1543): Astronomer 


• Galileo Galilei (1564–1642): Astronomer 


• Daniel Bernoulli (1700–1782): Mathematician 


• John James Audubon (1785–1851): Biologist 


• Elizabeth Blackwell (1821–1910): Medical scientist 


• Alfred Bernhard Nobel (1833–1896): Chemist 


• Albert Einstein (1879–1955): Physicist 


• Niels Bohr (1885–1962): Physicist 


• George Washington Carver (c. 1861–1943): Chemist


• Marie Curie (1867–1934): Physicist and chemist 


• Robert Hutchings Goddard (1882–1945): Aerospace engineer 


• Edwin Powell Hubble (1889–1953): Astronomer 


• Grace Murray Hooper (1906–1992): Computer scientist 


• Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin (1910–1994): Chemist 


• Jacques-Yves Cousteau (1910–1997): Earth scientist 


• Alan Turing (1912–1954): Computer scientist 


• Jonas Edward Salk (1914–1995): Medical scientist 


• Rosalind Franklin (1920–1958): Chemist 


• Jewel Plummer Cobb (1924–2017): Biologist 


• Stephen Hawking (1942–2018): Astronomer.

Sujets

• Biography
• Global
• Discovery
• Science

Informations

• Publié par: Infobase Publishing
• Date de parution: 01 juillet 2020
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9781438195452
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 6 Mo

Extrait

Encyclopedia of World Scientists, Updated Edition
Copyright © 2020 by Infobase
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage or retrieval systems, without permission in writing from the publisher. For more information, contact:
Facts On File An imprint of Infobase 132 West 31st Street New York NY 10001
ISBN 978-1-4381-9545-2
You can find Facts On File on the World Wide Web at http://www.infobase.com
Contents Entries Abbe, Cleveland Ackerman, Thomas P. Adamson, Joy Agassiz, Elizabeth Cabot Cary Agassiz, Louis Agnesi, Maria Gaëtana Agnodice Agricola, Georgius Aiken, Howard Ajakaiye, Deborah Enilo Alder, Kurt Alexander, Hattie Elizabeth Alfvén, Hannes Olof Gösta Allen, Paul Altman, Sidney Alvarez, Luis Walter Alvariño, Angeles Ampère, André-Marie Anastasi, Anne Ancker-Johnson, Betsy Andersen, Dorothy Hansine Anderson, Carl David Anderson, Elda Emma Anderson, Elizabeth Garrett Anderson, Gloria Long Anfinsen, Christian Boehmer Anning, Mary Apgar, Virginia Arber, Agnes Robertson Archimedes of Syracuse Aristarchus of Samos Aristotle Arnold, Frances H. Arrhenius, Svante August Aston, Francis William Audubon, John James Auerbach, Charlotte Avery, Mary Ellen Avery, Oswald Avicenna Avogadro, Amedeo Ayrton, Hertha Babbage, Charles Baekeland, Leo Hendrik Baeyer, Adolf von Bailey, Florence Merriam Baker, Sara Josephine Baltimore, David Banks, Harvey Washington Banting, Sir Frederick Grant Bárány, Robert Bari, Nina Karlovna Barney, Ida Barton, Clara Barton, Derek H. R. Bascom, Florence Bassi, Laura Bateson, William Bechtereva, Natalia Petrovna Becquerel, Antoine-Henri Bell Burnell, Susan Jocelyn Bellow, Alexandra Benedict, Ruth Fulton Benerito, Ruth Mary Rogan Bennett, Isobel Ida Berg, Paul Bergius, Friedrich Berkowitz, Joan B. Bernard, Claude Berners-Lee, Tim Bernoulli, Daniel Bernstein, Dorothy Lewis Bertozzi, Andrea Berzelius, Jöns Jakob Best, Charles Herbert Bethe, Hans Albrecht Bilger, Leonora Neuffer Binet, Alfred Binnig, Gerd Birman, Joan S. Bishop, Katharine Scott Blackburn, Elizabeth Helen Blackwell, Elizabeth Blagg, Mary Adela Bloch, Felix Blodgett, Katharine Burr Blum, Lenore Epstein Boden, Margaret Bodley, Rachel Littler Bohr, Niels Boivin, Marie-Anne-Victoire Gallain Bok, Bartholomeus Jan Boltzmann, Ludwig Eduard Bondar, Roberta Lynn Boole, George Boole, Mary Everest Bordet, Jules-Jean-Baptiste-Vincent Borlaug, Norman Ernest Born, Max Bosch, Carl Bose, Satyendranath Bothe, Walther Bovet, Daniel Bowman, Sir William Boyle, Robert Bozeman, Sylvia Brady, St. Elmo Brahe, Tycho Brandegee, Mary Katharine Layne Branson, Herman Russell Braun, Emma Lucy Braun, Karl Ferdinand Breckenridge, Mary Brewster, Sir David Brill, Yvonne Claeys Britton, Elizabeth Gertrude Knight Broca, Pierre-Paul Broglie, Louis de Brongniart, Alexandre Brønsted, Johannes Nicolaus Brooks, Harriet Brown, Rachel Fuller Browne, Barbara Moulton Browne, Marjorie Lee Buchner, Eduard Bunsen, Robert Wilhelm Burbank, Luther Burbidge, Eleanor Margaret Peachey Burnet, Sir Frank Macfarlane Burton, Leone Butenandt, Adolf Buys Ballot, Christoph Caldicott, Helen Caldwell, Mary Letitia Calvin, Melvin Cambra, Jessie G. Campbell-Swinton, Alan Archibald Canady, Alexa I. Cannizzaro, Stanislao Cannon, Annie Jump Cantor, Georg Cardús, David Carnot, Nicolas-Léonard-Sadi Carothers, E. Eleanor Carothers, Wallace Hume Carr, Emma Perry Carrel, Alexis Carruthers, George R. Carson, Benjamin S. Carver, George Washington Caserio, Marjorie Constance Beckett Cassini, Giovanni Domenico Cauchy, Augustin-Louis, Baron Cavendish, Henry Celsius, Anders Chadwick, Sir James Chain, Sir Ernst Boris Chandrasekhar, Subrahmanyan Chang, Min-Chueh Chang, Sun-Yung Alice Charpak, Georges Charpentier, Emmanuelle Chase, Mary Agnes Meara Chasman, Renate Wiener Châtelet, Gabrielle-Emilie du Cherenkov, Pavel Alekseyevich Chinn, May Edward Cho, Alfred Y. Chu, Paul Ching-Wu Church, George Clapp, Cornelia M. Clark, Eugenie Clark, Josiah Latimer Clarke, Edith Clay-Jolles, Tettje Clasina Claypool, Edith Jane Cleopatra the Alchemist Cobb, Jewel Plummer Cohen, Stanley H. Cohn, Mildred Colborn, Theodora Colden, Jane Cole, Rebecca J. Colmenares, Margarita Hortensia Colwell, Rita Rossi Colwin, Laura North Hunter Comstock, Anna Botsford Conway, Lynn Ann Conwell, Esther Marly Conybeare, William Daniel Cooper, Leon N Copernicus, Nicolaus Cori, Gerty Theresa Radnitz Coriolis, Gaspard-Gustave de Cornforth, Sir John Warcup Cousteau, Jacques-Yves Cowings, Patricia Suzanne Cox, Geraldine Anne Vang Cox, Gertrude Mary Cremer, Erika Crick, Francis Crookes, William Crosby, Elizabeth Caroline Crutzen, Paul Josef Curie, Marie Curie, Pierre Cuvier, Georges, Baron Daily, Gretchen Dalton, John Daly, Marie Maynard Dana, James Dwight Daniell, John Frederic Darden, Christine Darwin, Charles Darwin, Erasmus Daubechies, Ingrid Davis, Margaret B. Davis, Marguerite Davy, Sir Humphry Dawkins, Richard De Vries, Hugo Debye, Peter Delbrück, Max Descartes, René DeWitt, Lydia Maria Adams DeWitt-Morette, Cécile-Andrée-Paule Diacumakos, Elaine Dicciani, Nance K. Dick, Gladys Rowena Henry Dicke, Robert Henry Diels, Otto Diesel, Rudolf Diggs, Irene Dirac, Paul Dolan, Louise Ann Domagk, Gerhard Doppler, Christian Doubleday, Neltje Blanchan De Graff Doudna, Jennifer Douglas, Allie Vibert Dresselhaus, Mildred Spiewak Dubos, René Dunham, Katherine Mary Duplaix, Nicole Dyer, Helen M. Earle, Sylvia Alice Eastwood, Alice Eccles, Sir John Eckerson, Sophia Hennion Eddy, Bernice Edelman, Gerald M. Edinger, Tilly Edison, Thomas Edwards, Cecile Hoover Edwards, Helen T. Egas Moniz, António Ehrenfest-Afanaseva, Tatiana Ehrlich, Paul Eigen, Manfred Eigenmann, Rosa Smith Einstein, Albert Einthoven, Willem Elgood, Cornelia Bonté Sheldon Amos Elion, Gertrude Belle Emeagwali, Dale Brown Emerson, Gladys Anderson Enders, John Franklin Erasistratus of Chios Eratosthenes of Cyrene Erlanger, Joseph Esaki, Leo Esau, Katherine Estrin, Thelma Euclid of Alexandria Euler, Leonhard Evans, Alice Catherine Ewing, William Maurice Faber, Sandra Moore Fahrenheit, Daniel Gabriel Falconer, Etta Zuber Faraday, Michael Farquhar, Marilyn Gist Farr, Wanda K. Fauci, Anthony Fawcett, Stella Grace Maisie Fedoroff, Nina V. Fell, Honor Bridget Fenselau, Catherine Clarke Ferguson, Margaret Clay Fermi, Enrico Feynman, Richard P. Fibonacci, Leonardo Pisano Fieser, Mary Peters Fischer, Emil Hermann Fischer, Ernst Otto Fischer, Hans Fisher, Elizabeth F. Fleming, Sir Alexander Fleming, Williamina Paton Stevens Florey, Howard Walter Flory, Paul Flourens, Pierre Flügge-Lotz, Irmgard Foot, Katharine Forrester, Jay W. Fossey, Dian Foucault, Jean-Bernard-Léon Fowler, William Alfred Franck, James Frank, Ilya Mikhailovich Franklin, Benjamin Franklin, Rosalind Elsie Fraunhofer, Joseph von Free, Helen Murray Freedman, Wendy Laurel Freud, Sigmund Friedel, Charles Friend, Charlotte Frith, Uta Auernhammer Fukui, Kenichi Gabor, Dennis Gadgil, Sulochana Gage, Susanna Phelps Gaillard, Mary Katharine Galen Galilei, Galileo Gamow, George Gardner, Julia Anna Garmany, Catharine Doremus Gasser, Herbert Spencer Gauss, Carl Friedrich Gay-Lussac, Joseph Louis Geller, Margaret Joan Germain, Marie-Sophie Giblett, Eloise Rosalie Gilbert, Grove K. Gilbert, Walter Gilbreth, Lillian Evelyn Moller Giliani, Alessandra Glashow, Sheldon Lee Gleditsch, Ellen Glusker, Jenny Pickworth Goddard, Robert Hutchings Goldberg, Adele Goldhaber, Gertrude Scharff Goldhaber, Sulamith Goldwasser, Shafi Golgi, Camillo Good, Mary Lowe Goodenough, Florence Laura Gould, Stephen Jay Gourdine, Meredith Charles Graham, Thomas Granville, Evelyn Boyd Grasselli Brown, Jeanette G. Green, Arda Alden Grignard, François-Auguste-Victor Grimaldi, Francesco Maria Gross, Carol A. Guillaume, Charles-Édouard Gullstrand, Allvar Gurdon, Sir John Bertrand Guthrie, Mary Jane Gutierrez, Orlando A. Haber, Fritz Hadley, George Hahn, Dorothy Anna Hahn, Otto Hale, George Ellery Hall, James Hall, Lloyd Augustus Halley, Edmond Hamerstrom, Frances Hamilton, Alice Harden, Arthur Hardy, Harriet Harris, Mary Styles Harrison, Anna Jane Harvey, Ethel Browne Harvey, William Harwood, Margaret Hassel, Odd Hau, Lene Hawes, Harriet Ann Boyd Hawking, Stephen Haworth, Walter Hay, Elizabeth Dexter Hay, Louise Schmir Hazen, Elizabeth Lee Hazlett, Olive Clio Healy, Bernadine Heezen, Bruce Charles Heisenberg, Werner Karl Heloise Herophilus of Chalcedon Herrad of Landsberg Herschel, Caroline Lucretia Herschel, Sir John Frederick William Herschel, Sir William Hershey, Alfred Day Hertz, Gustav Hertz, Heinrich Rudolf Herzberg, Gerhard Herzenberg, Caroline Stuart Little Hess, Victor Francis Hess, Walter Rudolf Hewish, Antony Hewitt, Jacqueline N. Heyrovský, Jaroslav Hibbard, Hope Hildegard of Bingen Hill, Dorothy Hill, Henry Aaron Hill, Sir Archibald Vivian Hinshelwood, Sir Cyril Hinton, Geoffrey E. Hipparchus Hippocrates Hobby, Gladys Lounsbury Hodgkin, Alan Lloyd Hodgkin, Dorothy Crowfoot Hoffleit, Ellen Dorrit Hoffmann, Roald Hogg, Helen Battles Sawyer Hollerith, Herman Hollinshead, Ariel Cahill Holmes, Arthur Hoobler, Icie Gertrude Macy Hopkins, Donald Hopper, Grace Murray Horney, Karen Danielsen Horstmann, Dorothy Millicent Hounsfield, Godfrey Newbold Hoyle, Sir Fred Hrdy, Sarah Blaffer Huang, Alice Shih-Hou Hubbard, Ruth Hubble, Edwin Hubel, David Hunter Hückel, Erich Hudson, Mary K. Humboldt, Alexander von Hutton, James Huxley, Sir Andrew Fielding Huygens, Christiaan Hyatt, Gilbert Hyde, Ida Henrietta Hyman, Libbie Henrietta Hypatia of Alexandria Ildstad, Suzanne T. Imes, Elmer Samuel Itakura, Keiichi Jackson, Shirley Ann Jacobi, Mary Jacobs, Aletta Henriette Jacquard, Joseph-Marie Jansky, Karl Guthe Jeans, Sir James Hopwood Jemison, Mae Carol Jenner, Edward Jex-Blake, Sophia Louisa Jobs, Steve Johnson, Katherine G. Johnson, Virginia E. Joliot-Curie, Frédéric Joliot-Curie, Irène Jones, Mary Ellen Joshee, Anandibai Joule, James Presco