Arab Spring in Egypt

Description

New paperback edition, with new retrospective essay
Beginning in Tunisia, and spreading to as many as seventeen Arab countries, the street protests of the 'Arab Spring' in 2011 empowered citizens and banished their fear of speaking out against governments. The Arab Spring belied Arab exceptionalism, widely assumed to be the natural state of stagnation in the Arab world amid global change and progress. The collapse in February 2011 of the regime in the region's most populous country, Egypt, led to key questions of why, how, and with what consequences did this occur?
Inspired by the "contentious politics" school and Social Movement Theory, Arab Spring in Egypt addresses these issues, examining the reasons behind the collapse of Egypt's authoritarian regime; analyzing the group dynamics in Tahrir Square of various factions: labor, youth, Islamists, and women; describing economic and external issues and comparing Egypt's transition with that of Indonesia; and reflecting on the challenges of transition.
Introduction
Bahgat Korany and Rabab El-Mahdi
Chapter One: The Protesting Middle East
Bahgat Korany and Rabab El-Mahdi
Part One: Authoritarianism: How Persistent?
Chapter Two: Concentrated Power Breeds Corruption, Repression and Resistance
Ann Lesch
Chapter Three: The Political Economy of Mubarak's Fall
Samer Soliman
Chapter Four: Dynamics of a Stagnant Religious Discourse and the Rise of New Secular Movements in Egypt
Nadine Sika
Part Two: Group Dynamics in the Tahrir Square
Chapter Five: Working Class Power in Egypt's 2011 Uprising?
Dina Bishara
Chapter Six: Youth Movements and the January 25 Revolution
Dina Shehata
Chapter Seven: Islamism In and After Egypt's Revolution
Ibrahim Al-Houdaiby
Chapter Eight: Women are Also Part of This Revolution
Hania Sholkamy
Chapter Nine: Back on Horse? The Military between Two Revolutions
Hazem Kandil
Part Three: Beyond the Immediate
Chapter Ten: Egypt's Civic Revolution Turns "Democracy Promotion" on Its Head
Sheila Carapico
Chapter Eleven: Democratization and Constitutional Reform in Egypt and Indonesia: Evaluating the Role of the Military
Javed Maswood & Usha Tarajan
Chapter Twelve: Authoritarian Transformation or Transition from Authoritarianism? Insights on Regime Change in Egypt
Holger Albrecht
Part Four: Looking Ahead
Chapter Thirteen: The Arab Spring, the New Pan-Arabism and the Challenges of Transition
Bahgat Korany

Sujets

• Histoire
• Revolutionary
• History
• Islam

Informations

• Publié par: The American University in Cairo Press
• Date de parution: 01 septembre 2012
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9781617973550
• Langue: English

Extrait

Copyright © 2012 by
The American University in Cairo Press
113 Sharia Kasr el Aini, Cairo, Egypt
420 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10018
www.aucpress.com

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher.

Dar el Kutub No. 11528/11
ISBN 978 977 416 536 8

Dar el Kutub Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Korany, Bahgat
  Arab Spring in Egypt: Revolution and Beyond/ Bahgat Korany and Rabab El-Mahdi/. —Cairo:
The American University in Cairo Press, 2012
    p.   cm.
    ISBN 978 977 416 536 8
    1. Egypt—History  2. Revolutions I. Title

1 2 3 4 5  16 15 14 13 12

Designed by Jon W. Stoy
To those who lost their lives for the sake of a better life for others
Contents

Acknowledgments

Contributors

Introduction
Bahgat Korany and Rabab El-Mahdi
1. The Protesting Middle East Bahgat Korany and Rabab El-Mahdi Part 1: Authoritarianism: How Persistent? 2. Concentrated Power Breeds Corruption, Repression, and Resistance Ann M. Lesch 3. The Political Economy of Mubarak’s Fall Samer Soliman 4. Dynamics of a Stagnant Religious Discourse and the Rise of New Secular Movements in Egypt Nadine Sika Part 2: Group Dynamics in Tahrir Square 5. The Power of Workers in Egypt’s 2011 Uprising Dina Bishara 6. Youth Movements and the 25 January Revolution Dina Shehata 7. Islamism in and after Egypt’s Revolution Ibrahim El Houdaiby 8. Women Are Also Part of This Revolution Hania Sholkamy 9. Back on Horse? The Military between Two Revolutions Hazem Kandil Part 3: Beyond the Immediate 10. Egypt’s Civic Revolution Turns ‘Democracy Promotion’ on Its Head Sheila Carapico 11. Democratization and Constitutional Reform in Egypt and Indonesia: Evaluating the Role of the Military Javed Maswood and Usha Natarajan 12. Authoritarian Transformation or Transition from Authoritarianism? Insights on Regime Change in Egypt Holger Albrecht Part 4: Looking Ahead 13. Egypt and Beyond: The Arab Spring, the New Pan-Arabism, and the Challenges of Transition Bahgat Korany
Appendices

Bibliography
Acknowledgments

This is the third volume to emerge from the AUC Forum since it launched its collaboration with the American University in Cairo Press. Our thanks go first and foremost to our colleagues from Al-Ahram Center for Political and Strategic Studies, UCLA, and especially the Political Science Department at the American University in Cairo, our home institution. They all took on the challenge set by this project despite their busy schedules and produced chapters in record time. Thanks also to Randi Danforth of the American University in Cairo Press, whose marked enthusiasm from the start of the project spurred us to move quickly. We thank Hossam El-Hamalawy, an AUC graduate and now an internationally recognized blogger, for allowing us to use one of his photographs on the jacket of this book. Karim Hamdy helped in collecting data for the tables in chapters ten and thirteen. Shaima Ragab, the efficient manager of the AUC Forum, has been instrumental in keeping our plans on track and making them fall into place. Miriam William has continued this effort. Our enthusiasm to produce this book would have had little result without the committed collaboration of these colleagues and friends.
Contributors

Holger Albrecht is an assistant professor at the American University in Cairo. He has published numerous articles on authoritarianism and regime change, state–society relations, political opposition, and Islamist movements. His main focus in recent years has been the relationship between authoritarian regimes and political opposition in Egypt and elsewhere in the Middle East and North Africa.
Dina Bishara is a PhD candidate at George Washington University. Her dissertation focuses on the politics of labor organization in Egypt. Her research interests also include authoritarianism, state corporatism, and the formation of class and cross-sectoral identities among workers.
Sheila Carapico is a professor of political science and international studies at the University of Richmond, as well as a visiting professor at the American University in Cairo (AUC). Many years ago she spent a junior year abroad at AUC. Later she was a fellow at the American Research Center in Egypt. More recently she served as Visiting Chairperson at the Political Science Department at AUC during 2010 and the spring semester of 2011. She was fascinated by the Egyptian Revolution and the Tahrir Square protests. Author of Civil Society in Yemen: The Political Economy of Activism in Modern Arabia (1998) and numerous articles and book chapters on Yemen, she held a Fulbright fellowship in San‘a in 1993–94. A contributing editor to Middle East Report , she has written and been interviewed about both the Egyptian and the Yemeni revolutions-in-progress. Her forthcoming book is entitled Promoting Arab Democratization: International Political Aid in Practice.
Ibrahim Al-Houdaiby is a political researcher and columnist focusing on Islamic movements, democratization, and the political economy of the Middle East.
Hazem Kandil is the Cambridge University Lecturer of Political Sociology and Fellow of St. Catharine’s College. His work examines military-security institutions and revolutionary movements. He has taught at the American University in Cairo and the University of California, Los Angeles, and has published on revolutions, warfare, the sociology of intellectuals, and Islamism.
Bahgat Korany is a professor of international relations and political economy at the American University in Cairo, director of the AUC Forum, and research professor at the University of Montreal. He has been an elected member of Canada’s Royal Society since 1994. In addition to about seventy book chapters and articles in specialized periodicals from Revue Française de Sciences Politiques to World Politics , Korany has published nine books in English or French. He is at present the lead author of the tenth-anniversary volume of the UNDP’s Arab Human Development Report. He is the editor of The Foreign Policies of Arab States (AUC Press, 2008) and The Changing Middle East (AUC Press, 2010).
Ann Lesch is a professor of political science and associate provost for international programs at the American University in Cairo. She has been president of the Middle East Studies Association and the Sudan Studies Association, director of the Palestinian American Research Center, and dean of AUC’s School of Humanities and Social Sciences. She is the author of numerous books and articles on Sudanese, Egyptian, and Palestinian politics.
Rabab El-Mahdi is an associate professor of political science at the American University in Cairo and co-editor of Egypt: The Moment of Change (2009). She is also the author of a number of publications including, most recently, Empowered Participation or Political Manipulation? Civil Society and the State in Egypt and Bolivia (2011), “Orientalizing the Egyptian Revolution” ( Jadaliyya , April 2011), “Labor Protests in Egypt: Causes and Meanings” ( Review of African Political Economy , September 2011), and “Women in the Revolution,” co-authored with Lila Abu-Lughod ( Feminist Studies , January 2012).
Javed Maswood specializes in political economy and comparative politics. He is the author of several books on Japanese politics and foreign policy, and on international political economy. He is currently working on a research monograph on globalization and development.
Usha Natarajan (PhD, MA, LLB, BA) is an assistant professor in the Department of Law, American University in Cairo. She is an international lawyer and has worked with UNDP, UNESCO, and the World Bank with law reform initiatives in Asia, including Indonesia.
Dina Shehata is a senior researcher at Al-Ahram Center for Political and Strategic Studies.
Hania Sholkamy is an Egyptian anthropologist. She holds a PhD from the London School of Economics and Political Sciences. She is an associate research professor at the Social Research Center and coordinator of the Pathways to Women’s Empowerment Research Consortium in partnership with the Institute of Development Studies at Sussex, U.K.
Nadine Sika earned her PhD degree from Cairo University in comparative politics. She is currently an assistant professor of political science at the American University in Cairo. She has published a book and a number of journal articles on education reform and Middle East politics.
Samer Soliman is an assistant professor of political science at the American University in Cairo. His latest book on Egypt is The Autumn of Dictatorship . Soliman is one of the founders of the new Egyptian Social Democratic Party.
Introduction

Bahgat Korany and Rabab El-Mahdi
The term ‘Arab Spring Arab Spring,’ while controversial, has come to represent the events that have rocked this region since the beginning of 2011. At the time of writing, the Arab Spring has seen the collapse of four heads of the region’s authoritarian regimes: Ben Ali’s in Tunisia on 17 January, Mubarak in Egypt on 11 February, Qadhafi in Libya on 23 August, and Saleh in Yemen. In snowball fashion, contentious politics and protest movements have spread to the rest of the Arab world from Yemen to Syria, Morocco to Bahrain. Three main patterns have emerged so far:
1. Some regimes have fallen, creating the Arab world’s first presidents removed from office by popular will; they have even been put on trial.
2. Other regimes, like those in Syria and Yemen, remain in place, but are fighting so fiercely for their survival that they have plunged their countries into bloody and savage civil war. Bahrain was ‘saved’ from this pattern by the intervention of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)—principally Saudi forces—which changed the domestic balance in favor of the incumbent re