Athletic Crusade

R. Gems Gerald

Description

The Athletic Crusade is the first book to systematically analyze the role of sports in the expansion of U.S. empire from the 1890s through World War II. Gerald R. Gems details how white, Anglo-Saxon Protestant males set the standard for inclusion within American society, transferred that standard to foreign territories, and subtly used American sports to instill allegedly desirable racial, moral, and commercial virtues in colonial subjects. In the realm of such expansion, sports provided a less harsh, less militaristic means of instilling belief in a dominant system’s values and principles than more overt methods such as war.

The process of change, however, had unexpected consequences as subordinate groups adapted or even rejected American overtures. Sport became a means for nonwhites to challenge whiteness, Social Darwinism, and cultural hegemony by establishing their own physical prowess, claiming a measure of esteem, and creating a greater sense of national identity. Gems shows the direct influence of sports in Hawaii, the Philippines, Puerto Rico, Cuba, and the Dominican Republic and explores their comparatively minimal influence in countries such as China and Japan.

Amid increasing globalization, The Athletic Crusade offers a welcome perspective on how the United States has attempted to spread its influence in the past and the implications for the future of indigenous and other societies.

Sujets

• Histoire
• USA
• History of sport
• 20th century
• History of the Americas
• États-Unis

Informations

• Publié par: Nebraska Paperback
• Date de parution: 01 juin 2006
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9780803205406
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 3 Mo

Extrait

The AThleTic crusAde Sport and American Cultural Imperialism G e r a l d r . G e m s

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The Athletic Crusade

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The Athletic Crusade

Sport and American Cultural Imperialism

Gerald R. Gems

u n i v e r s i t y o f n e b r a s k a p r e s s l i n c o l n a n d l o n d o n

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Abridged versions of chapter 4 appeared as “The Athletic Crusade: Sport and Colonialism in the Philippines” inInternational Journal of the History of Sport 21, no. 1 (2004): 1–15, and as “Sport, Colonialism, and the Reconstruction of Nature” inInternational Sports Studies 24, no. 1 (2004): 32–41. Chapter 7, “Puerto Rico: Sport and the Restoration of National Pride,” appeared in International Journal of Regional and Local Studies 1, no. 1 (2005): 107–20. © 2006 by the Board of Regents of the University of Nebraska All rights reserved Manufactured in the United States of America  Set in Quadraat by Kim Essman. Designed by R. W. Boeche.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Gems, Gerald R. The athletic crusade : sport and American cultural imperialism / Gerald Gems. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. isbn-13: 978-0-8032-2216-8 (cloth : alk. paper) isbn-10: 0-8032-2216-5 (cloth : alk. paper) 1. Sports and state—United States. 2. United States— Foreign relations—19th century. 3. United States—Foreign relations—20th century. 4. United States—Territorial expansion. 5. Sports—Social aspects—United States— History. 6. Racism—United States. 7. Imperialism— Psychological aspects. 8. Civilization—American influences. I. Title. gv706.35.g46 2006 796.0973–dc22 2005026035

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To the strong women in my life —my mother, my sister, and my daughter— with love

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Contents

1. Race, Religion, and Manifest Destiny

2. China and the Rejection of Christianity

3. Baseball and Bushido in Japan

4. Sport and Colonialism in the Philippines

5. Hawaii as a Cultural Crossroads of Sport

6. Cuba and the Rehabilitative Qualities of Sport

7. Sport and the Restoration of Pride in Puerto Rico

8. Sport and Economic Retaliation in the Dominican Republic

9. The Outposts of Empire

10. The Globalization of Sport

Notes

Bibliography

Index

1

17

30

45

67

82

99

115

125

148

165

201

225

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