Deviant and Useful Citizens

Mariselle Melendez

Description

Deviant and Useful Citizens explores the conditions of women and perceptions of the female body in the eighteenth century throughout the Viceroyalty of Peru, which until 1776 comprised modern-day Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Paraguay, Peru, and Uruguay. Author Mariselle Meléndez introduces the reader to a female rebel, Micaela Bastidas, whose brutal punishment became a particularly harsh example of state response to women who challenged the system. She explores the cultural representation of women depicted as economically productive and vital to the health of the culture at large. The role of women in religious orders provides still another window into the vital need to sustain the image of women as loyal and devout—and to deal with women who refused to comply.

The book focuses on the different ways male authorities, as well as female subjects, conceived the female body as deeply connected to notions of what constituted a useful or deviant citizen within the Viceroyalty. Using eighteenth-century legal documents, illustrated chronicles, religious texts, and newspapers, Meléndez explores in depth the representation of the female body in periods of political, economic, and religious transformation to determine how it was conceived within certain contexts.

Deviant and Useful Citizens presents a highly complex society that relied on representations of utility and productivity to understand the female body, as it reveals the surprisingly large stake that colonial authorities had in defining the status of women during a crucial time in South American history.

Sujets

• Women's Studies
• Latin American Studies
• Histoire
• Literature
• South America
• Latin America
• History

Informations

• Publié par: Vanderbilt University Press
• Date de parution: 01 octobre 2020
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9780826517708
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 2 Mo

Extrait

Deviant and Useful Citizens The Cultural Production of the Female Body in EighteenthCentury Peru

Mariselle Meléndez

Deviant and Useful Citizens

Deviant and Useful Citizens

 he Cultural Production of te Female Body in Eigteent-Century Peru Mariselle Meléndez

Vanderbilt University Press Nasville

© 2011 by Vanderbilt University Press Nasville, Tennessee 37235 All rigts reserved First printing 2011

his book is printed on acid-free paper made from 30% post-consumer recycled content. Manufactured in te United States of America

Publication of tis book as been supported by a generous subsidy from te Program for Cultural Cooperation between Spain’s Ministry of Culture and United States Universities.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Meléndez, Mariselle, 1964– Deviant and useful citizens : te cultural production of te female body in eigteent-century Peru / Mariselle Meléndez. p. cm. Includes bibliograpical references and index. ISBN 978-0-8265-1768-5 (clot edition : alk. paper) 1. Women—Peru—Social conditions. 2. Body image in women—Peru—History—18t century. 3. Sex roles—Peru— History—18t century. I. Title. HQ1572.M45 2011 306.4—dc22 2010040504

List of Figures

Contents

Acknowledgments

Introduction

. Micaela Bastidas’s Legible Body: Public Spectacle, Violence, and Fear in Túpac Amaru’s Insurrection

. Visualizing and Commodifying Female Bodies inTruxillo del Perú: From Colonial Order to Economic Productivity

. Patriotic Bodies and Corporeal RHetorics: Sor María Josefa de la Santísima Trinidad’s Historia de la Fundación del Monasterio de Trinitarias Descalzas de Lima(1783)

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1

11

41

83

. he Nation and Its Congenital Deformations: he Medicalized Female Body in tHe Mercurio Peruano, 1791–1795 127

Epilogue: Prescribing Bodies

Notes

Works Cited

Index

171

175

209

223

List of Figures

. “Estado que demuestra el numero de Abitantes del Obpdo” . “E: Española con solo bolador” . “E: Española con mantilla y bolador” . “E: Yndia de lamas con trage de Iglesia” . “E: Yndia de montaña ynfiel” . “E: Yndia de sierra en trage ordinario” . “E: Yndia de lamas con trage ordinario” . “E: Negra” . “E: Quarterona de mestiza” . “E: Mestiza” . “E: Española con trage a lo antiguo” . “E: Mulata” . “E: Españolas de luto” . “E: Españoles merendando en el campo” . “E: Yndias de Valle a Cavallo” . “E: Yndia de Hivito con carga, y su ijito a las espaldas” . “E: Yndia de Moiobamba cargando platanos” . “E: Yndia pastora pariendo” . “E: Yndio pastor de ovejas” . “E: Yndia de Valles ilando en catre” . “E: Yndia de Valles texiendo” . “E: Yndias escarmenando lana” . “E: Mestizas de Cacapoyas cosiendo rengos” . “E: Mestiza de Moiobamba trabajando en su errería” . “E: Yndias ilando a torno” . “E: Yndia de Lamas ilando a torno” . “E: Yndias colando cica y despumandola”

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52 53 53 55 55 57 57 57 58 58 59 61 64 65 66

67 67 68 68 69 69 70

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71 71 72 73

. “E: Yndio con Viruelas” . “E: Mestizo picado de Uta” . “E: Yndio en agonia” . “E: Leprosa bañándose” . “E: Yndio de Montaña Infiel” . “E: Padron de los Domingos en Huairona” . Eigteent-century map sowing te Monasterio de Trinitarias Descalzas close to te center of Lima . “Monstre” . “Retrato verdadero de una criatura que nació en  de marzo del año corriente” .Desvios de la naturaleza o Tratado de el origen de los monstros . “Jumelles attaceés par les reins” . A case of a female cild born wit wite stria

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 131

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Acknowledgments

ompleting a book always brings a sense of fulfillment, appiness, and C  relief. It represents a point in time wen one realizes tat te conclusion  as been possible tanks to te collaboration and influence of people wo directly or indirectly impacted our researc and daily tinking in multiple ways. his book is te result of many years of continuous dialogue and support wit scolars and close friends wo ave strengtened my approac to a topic tat as proven to be a productive tool to read and understand society: te body. I would like to express my gratitude for te generosity of tose wo ave made tis book possible.  Maureen Aern, Santa Arias, Magali M. Carrera, Jennifer L. Eic, Rut Hill, Yolanda Martínez-San Miguel, Katryn McKnigt, Eyda Merediz, Katleen Myers,LuisFernandoRestrepo,StaceySclau,KarenStolley,GustavoVerdesio, Carles F. Walker, and Jerry Williams are among a remarkable group of scolars in te field of colonial studies wose researc and conversations ave elped sarpen my arguments and prompted me to tink arder about many of te subjects dis- cussed in te book. Oter scolars in te field wose work is cited in te notes and bibliograpy ave also been very influential in my critical approac. Among all tese colleagues, I offer my most special appreciation to Santa Arias (University of Kansas), wose valuable friendsip, sense of umor, and intellectual collaboration ave been invaluable from te beginning troug te final stages of tis book. My deepest appreciation to Karen Stolley (Emory University), wose pioneering work in Spanis American eigteent-century literary studies as ad a major impact on te field. Santa and Karen ave been instrumental in te conception of tis study, and I would like to express my sincere tanks to bot of tem.  I am indebted to my former professors at te University of Wisconsin, Madi- son, and in particular Margarita Zamora, for te solid academic training I received as a scolar and for teir time spent listening to my ideas and offering suggestions. Margarita’s intellectual integrity and discipline ave guided my own academic work. My writing and my researc ave been marked by wat I learned wit all of tem, and for tat I am forever grateful.  At te beginning of tis project I ad te intellectual support of my former colleague Marcia Stepenson (Purdue University), wose understanding of critical

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