Iberian Empires and the Roots of Globalization

Description

Through interdisciplinary essays covering the wide geography of the Spanish and Portuguese empires, Iberian Empires and the Roots of Globalization investigates the diverse networks and multiple centers of early modern globalization that emerged in conjunction with Iberian imperialism.

Iberian Empires and the Roots of Globalization argues that Iberian empires cannot be viewed apart from early modern globalization. From research sites throughout the early modern Spanish and Portuguese territories and from distinct disciplinary approaches, the essays collected in this volume investigate the economic mechanisms, administrative hierarchies, and art forms that linked the early modern Americas, Africa, Asia, and Europe. Iberian Empires and the Roots of Globalization demonstrates that early globalization was structured through diverse networks and their mutual and conflictive interactions within overarching imperial projects. To this end, the essays explore how specific products, texts, and people bridged ideas and institutions to produce multiple centers within Iberian imperial geographies. Taken as a whole, the authors also argue that despite attempts to reproduce European models, early Iberian globalization depended on indigenous agency and the agency of people of African descent, which often undermined or changed these models.

The volume thus relays a nuanced theory of early modern globalization: the essays outline the Iberian imperial models that provided templates for future global designs and simultaneously detail the negotiated and conflictive forms of local interactions that characterized that early globalization. The essays here offer essential insights into historical continuities in regions colonized by Spanish and Portuguese monarchies.

Informations

• Publié par: Vanderbilt University Press
• Date de parution: 15 janvier 2020
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9780826522542
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 29 Mo

Extrait

Iberian Empires and the Roots of Globalization
HISPANIC ISSUES • VOLUME 44
Iberian Empires and the Roots of Globalization
Ivonne del Valle, Anna More, and Rachel Sarah O’Toole, editors
Vanderbilt University Press
NASHVILLE
© 2019 by Vanderbilt University Press
Nashville, Tennessee 37235
All rights reserved
First printing 2019
This book is printed on acid-free paper.
A complete list of volumes in the Hispanic Issues series follows the index.
LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOGING-IN-PUBLICATION DATA
Names: Valle, Ivonne del, editor. | More, Anna Herron, editor. | O’Toole, Rachel Sarah, editor.
Title: Iberian empires and the roots of globalization / Ivonne del Valle, Anna More, and Rachel Sarah O’Toole, editors.
Description: Nashville : Vanderbilt University Press, [2020] | Series: Hispanic issues ; 44 | Includes bibliographical references and index. | Summary: “Interdisciplinary essays that investigate the diverse networks and multiple centers of early modern globalization that emerged in conjunction with Iberian imperialism”—Provided by publisher.
Identifiers: LCCN 2019017929 (print) | LCCN 2019980680 (ebook) | ISBN 9780826522528 (hardcover) | ISBN 9780826522535 (paperback) | ISBN 9780826522542 (ebook)
Subjects: LCSH: Globalization—History. | Imperialism—History. | Spain—Colonies—History. | Portugal—Colonies—History. | Spain—History. | Portugal—History.
Classification: LCC JV4011 .I34 2020 (print) | LCC JV4011 (ebook) | DDC 909/.0971246—dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019017929
LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019980680
HISPANIC ISSUES
Nicholas Spadaccini, Editor-in-Chief
Luis Martín-Estudillo, Managing Editor
Ana Forcinito, Associate Managing Editor
Megan Corbin, Nelsy Echávez-Solano, and William Viestenz, Associate Editors
Carolina Julia Añón Suárez, Collin Diver, Tim Frye, Heather Mawhiney, N. Ramos Flores, Javier Zapata Clavería, Assistant Editors
*Advisory Board/Editorial Board
Rolena Adorno (Yale University)
Román de la Campa (Unversity of Pennsylvania)
David Castillo (University at Buffalo)
Jaime Concha (University of California, San Diego)
Tom Conley (Harvard University)
William Egginton (Johns Hopkins University)
Brad Epps (University of Cambridge)
David W. Foster (Arizona State University)
Edward Friedman (Vanderbilt University)
Wlad Godzich (University of California, Santa Cruz)
Antonio Gómez L-Quiñones (Dartmouth College)
Hans Ulrich Gumbrecht (Stanford University)
*Carol A. Klee (University of Minnesota)
Germán Labrador Méndez (Princeton University)
Eukene Lacarra Lanz (Universidad del País Vasco)
Jorge Lozano (Universidad Complutense de Madrid)
Raúl Marrero-Fente (University of Minnesota)
Kelly McDonough (University of Texas at Austin)
Walter D. Mignolo (Duke University)
*Louise Mirrer (The New-York Historical Society)
Mabel Moraña (Washington University in St. Louis)
Alberto Moreiras (Texas A & M University)
Bradley Nelson (Concordia University, Montreal)
Michael Nerlich (Université Blaise Pascal)
*Francisco Ocampo (University of Minnesota)
Antonio Ramos-Gascón (University of Minnesota)
Jenaro Talens (Universitat de València)
Miguel Tamen (Universidade de Lisboa)
Teresa Vilarós (Texas A & M University)
Iris M. Zavala (Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona)
Santos Zunzunegui (Universidad del País Vasco)
CONTENTS
Acknowledgments
Introduction: Iberian Empires and a Theory of Early Modern Globalization
IVONNE DEL VALLE, ANNA MORE, AND RACHEL SARAH O’TOOLE
1. Precious Metals in the Americas at the Beginning of the Global Economy
BERND HAUSBERGER
2. A New Moses: Vasco de Quiroga’s Hospitals and the Transformation of “Indians” from “Bárbaros” to “Pobres”
IVONNE DEL VALLE
3. Religion, Caste, and Race in the Spanish and Portuguese Empires: Local and Global Dimensions
MARÍA ELENA MARTÍNEZ
4. The Portuguese Inquisition and Colonial Expansion: The “Honor” of Being Tried by the Holy Office
BRUNO FEITLER
5. Jesuit Networks and the Transatlantic Slave Trade: Alonso de Sandoval’s Naturaleza, policía sagrada y profana (1627 )
ANNA MORE
6. Household Challenges: The Laws of Slaveholding and the Practices of Freedom in Colonial Peru
RACHEL SARAH O’TOOLE
7. The Reason of Freedom and the Freedom of Reason: The Neo-Scholastic Critique of African Slavery and Its Impact on the Construction of the Nineteenth-Century Republic in Spanish America
MARÍA EUGENIA CHAVES
8. Jesuits and Indigenous Subjects in the Global Culture of Letters: Production, Circulation, and Adaptation of Missionary Texts in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries
GUILLERMO WILDE
9. The Iridescent Enconchado
CHARLENE VILLASEÑOR BLACK
10. “Idolatrous Images” and “True Images”: European Visual Culture and its Circulation in Early Modern China
ELISABETTA CORSI
11. Barlaam and Josaphat in Early Modern Spain and the Colonial Philippines: Spiritual Exercises of Freedom at the Center and Periphery
JODY BLANCO
Afterword: Reimagining Colonial Latin America from a Global Perspective
RAÚL MARRERO-FENTE AND NICHOLAS SPADACCINI
Contributors
Index
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
This book has been a long time in the making and along the way we received the support and encouragement of many people and institutions we would like to thank. First, we recognize the patience and cooperation of our contributors, who edited their essays many times without complaining. We would like to express our deep appreciation as well to the Editorial Committee of Hispanic Issues, Vanderbilt University Press, and the anonymous readers who offered thoughtful comments and suggestions.
This volume had its origins in an international seminar held in Mexico City and funded by a Mellon-LASA Seminar grant. We would like to thank the Latin American Studies Association for its funding and the Museo Franz Mayer, especially the General Director, Héctor Rivero Borrell M., for the invitation to hold the seminar at this remarkable location. María Emma Mannarelli (Universidad Nacional de San Marcos, Perú) was a vibrant participant. We send a special thanks to curator María D. Sánchez Vega who secured the space for the seminar and provided the participants with a tour of the collection.
At the time this project started the three editors were faculty in the University of California system. We deeply appreciate the funding support we received from Anthony Cascardi, Dean of Humanities at UC Berkeley, the Humanities Commons and Dean Van Den Abbeele at UC, Irvine and from Dean David Schaberg at UCLA. We want to acknowledge as well the rewarding conversations with our colleagues in the UC system, especially John D. Blanco, Carolyn Dean, María Elena Díaz, Barbara Fuchs, Stella Nair, Patricia Seed, Kevin Terraciano, Charlene Villaseñor Black, and Charles Walker. Our thanks to all of them.
Shoshanna Lande (UCI) made critical edits, delivered sound advice, and executed speedy formatting. Sarah Gualtieri (University of Southern California) provided helpful feedback on María Elena Martínez’s work.
Instituto Tepoztlán, a one-of-a-kind experience of a conference, has left its mark on the three of us. Our thanks to the Institute’s Collective and our colleagues, who are faithful participants, for their rigor and passion toward our disciplines (History, Art History, Literary Criticism), and above all for their commitment to their subjects and areas of research. We also thank them for their camaraderie and friendship.
Last but not least, we want to say a few words about María Elena Martínez, to whom this volume is dedicated. We are forever indebted to her demanding scholarship, the brilliance of her mind, and the ways in which she opened new paths for research that were thorough and dedicated to liberating the subjects she approached from oftentimes constraining archives. Her ideas and friendship will accompany us always and we hope to be following faithfully in her steps. Hasta siempre, Patrona.
INTRODUCTION
Iberian Empires and a Theory of Early Modern Globalization
Ivonne del Valle, Anna More, and Rachel Sarah O’Toole
How can one imagine the global scope of the early modern Iberian world? One of the most iconic depictions of early modern empires can be found among Theodor de Bry’s illustrations of José de Acosta’s Historia natural y moral de las Indias [ Fig. 1 ]. 1 In it, laborers cart loads of silver from the depths of the most famous mine in the Americas, Potosí. Interest in this image, and indeed in Acosta’s work as a whole, reflected the overwhelming consciousness that American silver was the motor behind a complex new economy that dealt in large-scale extraction, commodity exchange, enormous sums of credit, and was global in reach. This version of a newly global world, ever expanding in its interconnections, was highly visible, even to contemporaries. Yet despite the visibility, anxiety or celebration of new forms of wealth, much of the mechanics of globalization has remained hidden. The story of how globalization came about through the labor and the skill of those depicted in the engraving is much more complex and difficult to tell. For this story, we will need to understand not only the structures that connected the globe to extract silver and convert it to financial credit, but also