Marine Molluscan Remains from Franchthi Cave

Judith C. Shackleton

Description

" . . . the archaeological and paleoenvironmental data from Franchthi Cave are unique in providing a site-specific record of the cultural responses to great environmental changes." —Quarterly Research

The marine molluscan material covered here is the largest sample of its kind yet excavated in Greece.

Acknowledgments
Foreword (T.W. Jacobsen)

Part I (Judith C. Shackleton)

Chapter One Introduction: The Site and the Methodology
Chapter Two The Marine Shell Record from Franchthi Cave
Chapter Three Habitats of the Principal Franchthi Molluscs
Chapter Four Reconstruction of Past Shore Environments and the Implications for Shellfish Gathering
Chapter Five The Relationship between Franchthi Shell Assemblages and the Shoreline Reconstructions
Chapter Six Shellfish Gathering and the Role of Marine Molluscs in the Diet
Chapter Seven Non-Utilitarian use of Marine Shell at Franchthi Cave
Chapter Eight Epilogue
Notes
Appendix A Water Sieving
Appendix B Micromolluscs
Appendix C Molluscan Assemblage Tables and Trench Information
Appendix D Cerastoderma Bead Making in Trench L5
Appendix E Worked Shell from Franchthi Cave

Part II (M.R. Deith and N.J. Shackleton)

Chapter Nine Oxygen Isotope Analyses of Marine Molluscs from Franchthi Cave
Appendix F Isotopic Profiles of Shells Analyzed

References for Parts I and II
Plates

Sujets

• Social Science
• Histoire
• Archaeology
• Archaeological science
• Anthropology
• Classics

Informations

• Publié par: Indiana University Press
• Date de parution: 26 octobre 2018
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9780253044495
• Langue: English

Extrait

Marine Molluscan Remains from Franchthi Cave
Excavations at Franchthi Cave, Greece
T. W. Jacobsen, General Editor F ASCICLE 4
Marine Molluscan Remains from Franchthi Cave
JUDITH C. SHACKLETON
With a Report on the Oxygen Isotope Analyses of Marine Molluscs from Franchthi Cave by
M. R. Deith and N. J. Shackleton
INDIANA UNIVERSITY PRESS Bloomington Indianapolis
Copyright 1988 by Judith C. Shackleton
All rights reserved
No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. The Association of American University Presses Resolution on Permissions constitutes the only exception to this prohibition.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Shackleton, Judith C.
Marine molluscan remains from Franchthi Cave.
(Excavations at Franchthi Cave, Greece; fasc. 4)
Bibliography: p.
1. Franchthi Cave Site (Greece). 2. Animal remains (Archaeology)-Greece-Franchthi Cave Site. 3. Mollusks-Greece-Franchthi Cave Site. 4. Greece-Antiquities.
I. Shackleton, N. J. II. Deith, M. R. (Margaret R.). Oxygen isotope analyses of marine molluscs from Franchthi Cave. 1988. III. Title. IV. Title: Oxygen isotope analyses of marine molluscs from Franchthi Cave. V. Series.
GN816.F73S52 1988 938 87-45115
ISBN 0-253-31976-5 (pbk.)
CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
FOREWORD (T. W. Jacobsen)
PART I (Judith C. Shackleton)
Chapter One
Introduction: The Site and the Methodology
Chapter Two
The Marine Shell Record from Franchthi Cave
Chapter Three
Habitats of the Principal Franchthi Molluscs
Chapter Four
Reconstruction of Past Shore Environments and the Implications for Shellfish Gathering
Chapter Five
The Relationship between Franchthi Shell Assemblages and the Shoreline Reconstructions
Chapter Six
Shellfish Gathering and the Role of Marine Molluscs in the Diet
Chapter Seven
Non-Utilitarian Use of Marine Shell at Franchthi Cave
Chapter Eight
Epilogue
Notes
Appendix A
Water Sieving
Appendix B
Micromolluscs
Appendix C
Molluscan Assemblage Tables and Trench Information
Appendix D
Cerastoderma Bead Making in Trench L5
Appendix E
Worked Shell from Franchthi Cave
PART II (M. R. Deith and N. J. Shackleton)
Chapter Nine
Oxygen Isotope Analyses of Marine Molluscs from Franchthi Cave
Appendix F
Isotopic Profiles of Shells Analyzed
REFERENCES FOR PARTS I AND II
PLATES
FIGURES
TEXT
1. The Location of Franchthi Cave in Greece and in the Southern Argolid
2. Sketch Plan of Site
3. Marine Molluscan Zonation of Trench FAS
4. Marine Molluscan Zonation of Trench FAN
5. Marine Molluscan Zonation of Trench H1B
6. Marine Molluscan Zonation of Trench H1A
7. Present Shores and Beach-Collection Areas of the Southern Argolid
8. Present Shore Environments of the Franchthi Embayment
9. Shores of the Franchthi Embayment at 18,000 BP
10. Shores of the Franchthi Embayment at 11,000 BP
11. Shores of the Franchthi Embayment at 9,500 BP
12. Shores of the Franchthi Embayment at 8,000 BP
13. Shores of the Franchthi Embayment at 5,000 BP
14. Species Used for Analysis from the Franchthi Deposits
15. Mean Monthly Sea Temperatures for the Argolid
16. Growth Rate of Shells of Monodonta turbinata from Bandol, Southern France
17. Isotopic Profile of a Modern Specimen of Monodonta turbinata
18. Isotopic Profile of a Modern Specimen of Cerithium vulgatum
19. Isotopic Profile of a Modern Specimen of Cerastoderma glaucum
20. Isotopic Profile of a Modern Specimen of Tapes decussatus
21. Mean Monthly Sea-Temperature Curve for the Argolid, Showing the Division of the Curve into Seasons
22. Histograms of Seasonal Classifications of Shell Profiles for Excavation Units
23. Histograms of Isotopic Values of the Edges of Fragments of Cerithium vulgatum Set Against Histograms of Isotopic Values Through Complete Shells of C. vulgatum
APPENDIXES
A.1. Differences in Species Composition as a Function of the Mesh Size of the Sample
B.1. Numbers of Marine Micromolluscs Found in Trench FAS
B.2. Numbers of Marine Micromolluscs Found in Trenches H1A and H1B
C.1. Stratigraphic Distribution of Marine Shell in Upper Part of Trench FAS
D.1. Worked Bead Blanks of C. glaucum Brugui re Trench L5
D.2. Worked Bead Blanks of C. glaucum Brugui re from Trenches Other Than L5
D.3. Cross Sections of C. glaucum Bead Rims
TABLES
TEXT
1. General Species Variation Through Time in Franchthi Marine Molluscs
2. Habitats of Mediterranean Molluscan Species from Franchthi Cave
3. Simplified Habitat Information for Marine Molluscs to Show Ease of Collection
4. Distributional Pattern of Non-Utilitarian Use of Shell Through Time
5. Numbers of Shells Analyzed by Excavation Unit
6. Seasonal Distribution of Edges of Shells Analyzed
APPENDIXES
A.1. Differential Retrieval of Marine Shell from Trench L5
A.2. Species Composition by Size Fractions from Trench L5
C.1. Franchthi Cave: Trench FAN
C.2. Franchthi Cave: Trench FAS
C.3. Franchthi Cave: Trench H1A
C.4. Franchthi Cave: Trench H1B
C.5. Franchthi Paralia: Trench L5
C.6. Franchthi Paralia: Trench L5NE
C.7. Franchthi Paralia: Trench O5
C.8. Franchthi Paralia: Trench Q5N
C.9. Franchthi Paralia: Trench Q5S
C.10. Franchthi Paralia: Trench QR5
E.1. Worked Shell from Franchthi Cave
E.2. Items Not Included in the Catalogue of Worked Shell from Franchthi Cave
E.3. List of Worked Shell
PLATES
1. Principal Species of Marine Shells from Franchthi Cave
2. Principal Species of Marine Shells from Franchthi Cave
3. Principal Species of Marine Shells from Franchthi Cave
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
During the time when, as conditions allowed, this study was undertaken, many people helped me and contributed to my interest in and understanding of the marine molluscan remains from Franchthi Cave. It is clear, however, that the first acknowledgment must be to Professor T. W. Jacobsen who not only entrusted the Franchthi marine molluscs to me for study, but who has been most generous in allowing me to publish aspects of my work before the final publication of the excavation results has appeared. I am indeed grateful to him for all aspects of his continuing support and have also, like many others, benefited from the atmosphere in the group he assembled to work on the site and on its finds.
Secondly, I should like to thank Dr. Nicholas J. Shackleton for his guidance and for the pleasure of three earlier field seasons work, and for opening his bottom drawer to give me his available records. I trust that when reading this account he will think that they have been put to good use. I should also like to thank Professor Tj. H. van Andel to whom I spoke of my dream to produce a map which would show where specific types of shellfish could have been collected by the prehistoric inhabitants of Franchthi. I am grateful for his interest and collaboration in turning this into the reality of the maps presented here.
In the field in 1979, I was for a short time assisted by Kate Clark and Edith Wilson and for a longer period in 1981 by Janet Douglas. I am grateful for their assistance.
The staff of the mollusc section of the British Museum (Natural History) has been most helpful. In particular, Mrs. Morris and Ms. Way have borne the brunt of my descents and have always made me welcome. To them I offer my thanks, as well as to Dr. Evans for the identifications he has provided. I am also grateful for the help I received from the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C.
In Cambridge, I have received editorial assistance from Ann Johnston and have benefited from the help of Dr. John Cherry, Mr. Sebastian Payne, and especially Dr. Margaret Deith. Apart from discussing problems of seasonality, she has taught me much about molluscan studies in general. Sadly far less accessible for geographic reasons have been Drs. K. D. Vitelli and C. Perl s. Despite this drawback, I have found them generous and stimulating colleagues and have received much support from them. I should like to thank both my colleagues on the Franchthi Project and Drs. C. Sancetta and S. Karl for running the factor analysis computations. I should also like to acknowledge the support I have received through grants made to Professor Jacobsen by the National Science Foundation, the National Endowment for the Humanities, and the Indiana University Foundation. The final acknowledgment is due to Dr. Betty Meehan whose work on the shellfish-gathering habits of the Anbara in Northern Australia has proved such a stimulus to studies of molluscan remains on prehistoric sites.
This manuscript was initially prepared in December, 1982, and subsequently revised and submitted in March, 1985. Since then I have made no substantive changes in the text.
JUDITH C. SHACKLETON
FOREWORD
This is the last of the four fascicles that comprise the initial installment of the Level One series of publications on the Indiana University excavations at Franchthi Cave. Like its immediate predecessor (Fascicle 3: Perl s 1987), it is a presentation and analysis of a substantial body of excavated material. In this case, however, the remains are bioarchaeological rather than artifactual, and their