What does the Cuban Revolution look like "from within?" This volume proposes that scholars and observers of Cuba have too long looked elsewhere-from the United States to the Soviet Union-to write the island's post-1959 history. Drawing on previously unexamined archives, the contributors explore the dynamics of sociopolitical inclusion and exclusion during the Revolution's first two decades. They foreground the experiences of Cubans of all walks of life, from ordinary citizens and bureaucrats to artists and political leaders, in their interactions with and contributions to the emerging revolutionary state. In essays on agrarian reform, the environment, dance, fashion, and more, contributors enrich our understanding of the period beginning with the utopic mobilizations of the early 1960s and ending with the 1980 Mariel boatlift. In so doing, they offer new perspectives on the Revolution that are fundamentally driven by developments on the island. Bringing together new historical research with comparative and methodological reflections on the challenges of writing about the Revolution, The Revolution from Within highlights the political stakes attached to Cuban history after 1959.Contributors. Michael J. Bustamante, Maria A. Cabrera Arus, Maria del Pilar Diaz Castanon, Ada Ferrer, Alejandro de la Fuente, Reinaldo Funes Monzote, Lillian Guerra, Jennifer L. Lambe, Jorge Macle Cruz, Christabelle Peters, Rafael Rojas, Elizabeth Schwall, Abel Sierra Madero
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Extrait
T H E R E V O L U T I O N F R O M W I T H I N
T H E R E V O L U T I O N F R O M W I T H I N
C U B A , 1959 –198 0
Mîchae J. Bustamante and Jennîer L. Lambe, edîtors
Lîbrary o Congress Cataogîng-în-Pubîcatîon Data Names: Bustamante, Mîchae J., edîtor. | Lambe, Jennîer L., edîtor. Tîte: The revoutîon rom wîthîn : Cuba, 1959–1980 / Mîchae J. Bustamante and Jennîer L. Lambe, edîtors. Descrîptîon: Durham : Duke Unîversîty Press, 2019. | Incudes bîbîographîca reerences and îndex. Identîfiers:lccn2018031280 (prînt) lccn2018041257 (ebook) isbn9781478004325 (ebook) isbn9781478001706 (hardcover : ak. paper) isbn9781478002963 (pbk. : ak. paper) Subjects:lcsh: Cuba—Hîstory—1959–1990. | Cuba—Poîtîcs and government—1959–1990. | Cuba—Hîstory—Revoutîon, 1959. | Cuba—Hîstory—1933–1959. | Cuba—Poîtîcs and government—1933–1959. Cassîficatîon:lcc f1788 (ebook) |lcc f1788 .r428 2019 (prînt) | ddc972.9106/4—dc23 lcrecord avaîabe at https://ccn.oc.gov/2018031280
Frontîspîece: “Entrando en a hîstorîa” (Enterîng Hîstory). Antonîo, “E humorîsmo y La Revoucîón: Frase hecha,”Bohemîa, February 1, 1959, 176.
Cover art: Cuba în the eary 1970s. Photograph by John van Hasset / Corbîs / Getty Images.
C O N T E N T S
Acknowedgments · vîî
part i.Stakes of the Fied
1. Cuba’s Revoutîon rom Wîthîn: The Poîtîcs o Hîstorîca Paradîgms · 3 Jennîer L. Lambe and Mîchae J. Bustamante
2. The New Text o the Revoutîon · 33 Raae Rojas
3. Wrîtîng the Revoutîon’s Hîstory out o Cosed Archîves? Cuban Archîva Laws and Access to Inormatîon · 47 Jorge Mace Cruz
part ii.Case Studies The Revolutîon rom Wîthîn
4. Searchîng or the Messîah: Stagîng Revoutîon în the Sîerra Maestra, 1956–1959 · 67 Lîîan Guerra
5. “We Demand, We Demand . . .”: Cuba, 1959: The Paradoxes o Year 1 · 95 María de Pîar Díaz Castañón
6.Geotransormacîón: Geography and Revoutîon în Cuba rom the 1950s to the 1960s · 117 Reînado Funes Monzote
7. BetweenEspírîtuandConcîencîa: Cabaret and Baet Deveopments în 1960s Cuba · 146 Eîzabeth Schwa
8. When the “New Man” Met the “Od Man”: Guevara, Nyerere, and the Roots o Latîn-Arîcanîsm · 170 Chrîstabee Peters
9. The Materîa Promîse o Socîaîst Modernîty: Fashîon and Domestîc Space în the 1970s · 189 María A. Cabrera Arús
10. Annîversary Overoad? Memory Fatîgue at Cuba’s Socîaîst Apex · 218 Mîchae J. Bustamante
11. “Here, Everyone’s GotHuevos, Mîster!”: Natîonaîsm, Sexuaîty, and Coectîve Vîoence în Cuba durîng the Marîe Exodus · 244 Abe Sîerra Madero
part iii.Concuding Relections
12. Cuba 1959 / Haîtî 1804: On Hîstory and Carîbbean Revoutîon · 277 Ada Ferrer
13.La Ventolera: Ruptures, Persîstence, and the Hîstorîography o the Cuban Revoutîon · 290 Aejandro de a Fuente
14. Whîther the Empîre? · 306 Jennîer L. Lambe
Contrîbutors · 319 Index · 321
A C K N O W L E D G M E N T S
Edîted voumes are necessarîy coaboratîve, and în thîs îes many înteectua rewards and debts. We woud îke to begîn by thankîng a o the authors rep-resented în thîs book or theîr enthusîasm, patîence, and camaraderîe aong the road to pubîcatîon. We trust that the fina product îs suicîent testament to theîr hard work. Thîs book grew out o a conerence, New Hîstorîes o the Cuban Revou-tîon, hed at Yae Unîversîty în 2014. We remaîn grateu or the generous sponsorshîp o numerous înstîtutîons at Yae: the Councî on Latîn Amerîcan and Iberîan Studîes (a specîa thanks to Jean Sîk, Nancy Ramírez, and espe-cîay Tayor Jardno, who payed a key ast-mînute roe), the Whîtney Humanî-tîes Center, the Edward J. and Dorothy Carke Kemp Memorîa Fund, the Department o Hîstory, the Graduate Schoo o Arts and Scîences, and the Program în Ethnîcîty, Race, and Mîgratîon. Brown Unîversîty and New York Unîversîty aso contrîbuted generous financîa support. We woud especîay îke to thank Gîbert Joseph and Stuart Schwartz, who ofered advîce and enthusîastîc coaboratîon, aong wîth the partîcîpants în that event, whose contrîbutîons have decîsîvey shaped our understandîng o the Cuban Revou-tîon and heped revîtaîze the study o îts past: Manue Barcîa Paz, Enrîque Bedarraín, María A. Cabrera Arús, Odette Casamayor, Lucîano Castîo, Mî-chee Chase, Warîdo Dorta, Jorge Duany, Ada Ferrer, Víctor Fower, Reîn-ado Funes, Anne Gorsuch, Lîîan Guerra, Arîana Hernández-Reguant, Jesse Horst, Rache Hynson, Marîa Igesîas Utset, Iraîda López, Jorge Mace, Chrîs-tabee Peters, José Quîroga, Rîcardo Quîza, Raae Rojas, Raîner Schutz, Eîzabeth Schwa, Stuart Schwartz, Abe Sîerra Madero, and Devyn Spence Benson. Tayor Jardno, Anne Eer, Roberto Gonzáez Echevarría, Abert
Laguna,MarceaEcheverrî,andGîbertJosephkîndyservedasmodera-tors. Yae students Angeo Pîs-Dudot and Fabîán Fernández provîded ogîstî-ca support throughout the conerence weekend. Lynn Roche, o the then U.S. Interests Sectîon în Havana, and Mîagros Martínez, at the Unîversîty o Havana, ent theîr assîstance and advîce în the processîng o vîsa appîca-tîons. Aejandro Vázquez desîgned our conerence poster. Steve Pîttî and Aîcîa Schmîdt-Camacho hosted a o us or dînner în theîr home. Thîs book mîght never have seen the îght o pubîcatîon had ît not been or the unflaggîng support and guîdance o Gîbert Joseph and Aejandro de a Fuente, who steered us out o many înteectua and bureaucratîc cu-de-sacs. We woud aso îke to thank Lîîan Guerra, whose work represents an înteec-tua touchstone or a schoars o the Cuban Revoutîon. We are ortunate to count her as a mentor and rîend. Throughout thîs process ît has been a pea-sure to work wîth Gîsea Fosado and Lydîa Rose Rappoport-Hankîns at Duke Unîversîty Press. We sîncerey apprecîate the eedback provîded by anonymous revîewers, whîch has shaped thîs book în proound ways. Coeagues and men-tors at our current înstîtutîons—Brown Unîversîty and Forîda Internatîona Unîversîty—have been encouragîng throughout. Andra Chastaîn and Tîmothy Lorek were kînd enough to read a ate drat o our întroductîon, and Caros Veazco Fernández and Eîzabeth Mîraba ofered înteectua dîaogue and persona rîendshîp. Myena contrîbuted to mutîpe stages o the conerence and book productîon process; Lauren Krebs heped source severa îmages; and Ian Russe assîsted wîth transatîons o severa chapters. To each o them, thank you. Fînay, though we do not have the space to îst them a here, we are eter-nay grateu to the many coeagues, rîends, and amîy members—aquíy allá—who sustaîned us through thîs demandîng process. We hope that they are as excîted as we are to see thîs book în prînt.