Roman Rhetoric

Richard Leo Enos

Description

Greek and Roman traditions dominate classical rhetoric. Conventional historical accounts characterize Roman rhetoric as an appropriation and modification of Greek rhetoric, particularly the rhetoric that flourished in fifth and fourth centuries BCE Athens. However, the origins, nature and endurance of this Greco-Roman relationship have not been thoroughly explained. Roman Rhetoric: Revolution and the Greek Influence reveals that while Romans did benefit from Athenian rhetoric, their own rhetoric was also influenced by later Greek and non-Hellenic cultures, particularly the Etruscan civilization that held hegemony over all of Italy for hundreds of years before Rome came to power.

Sujets

• Histoire
• Rome
• Ancient
• History

Informations

• Publié par: Parlor Press, LLC
• Date de parution: 17 octobre 2008
• Nombre de lectures: 1
• EAN13: 9781602356726
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 4 Mo

Extrait

Lauer Series in Rhetoric and Composition
Series Editors: Catherine Hobbs, Patricia Sullivan, Thomas Rickert, and Jennifer Bay
The Lauer Series in Rhetoric and Composition honors the contributions Janice Lauer Hutton has made to the emergence of Rhetoric and Composition as a disciplinary study. It publishes scholarship that carries on Professor Lauer’s varied work in the history of written rhetoric, disciplinarity in composition studies, contemporary pedagogical theory, and written literacy theory and research.
Other Books in the Series
Stories of Mentoring: Theory and Praxis , edited by Michelle F. Eble and Lynée Lewis Gaillet (2008)
Writers Without Borders: Writing and Teaching in Troubled Times by Lynn Z. Bloom (2008)
1977: A Cultural Moment in Composition , by Brent Henze, Jack Selzer, and Wendy Sharer (2008)
The Promise and Perils of Writing Program Administration, edited by Theresa Enos and Shane Borrowman (2008)
Untenured Faculty as Writing Program Administrators: Institutional Practices and Politics , edited by Debra Frank Dew and Alice Horning (2007)
Networked Process: Dissolving Boundaries of Process and Post-Process , by Helen Foster (2007)
Composing a Community: A History of Writing Across the Curriculum , edited by Susan H. McLeod and Margot Iris Soven (2006)
Historical Studies of Writing Program Administration: Individuals, Communities, and the Formation of a Discipline, edited by Barbara L’Eplattenier and Lisa Mastrangelo (2004). Winner of the WPA Best Book Award for 2004–2005.
Rhetorics, Poetics, and Cultures: Refiguring College English Studies (Expanded Edition) by James A. Berlin (2003)


Roman Rhetoric
Revolution and the Greek Influence
Revised and Expanded Edition

Richard Leo Enos
Parlor Press
West Lafayette, Indiana
www.parlorpress.com


Parlor Press LLC, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906
© 2008 by Parlor Press
All rights reserved.
Printed in the United States of America
S A N: 2 5 4 - 8 8 7 9
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Enos, Richard Leo.
Roman rhetoric : revolution and the Greek influence / Richard Leo Enos. -- Rev. and expanded ed.
p. cm. -- (Lauer series in rhetoric and composition)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-60235-079-3 (pbk. : alk. paper) -- ISBN 978-1-60235-080-9 (hardcover : alk. paper) -- ISBN 978-1-60235-081-6 (adobe ebook)
1. Rhetoric, Ancient. 2. Latin language--Foreign elements--Greek. 3. Rome--Civilization--Greek influences. 4. Greek language--Influence on Latin. 5. Rome--Intellectual life. I. Title.
PA3265.E56 2008
808’.0471--dc22
2008041909
Cover image: “Cicero Denouncing Catalina Before the Senate” by Cesare Maccari (1840-1819). Wallpainting. Palazzo Madama, Rome, Italy. Scala / Art Resource. Used by Permission.
Title page image: marble bust of a young man of the Julio-Claudian Family. By permission of The Amecrican School of Classical Studies at Athens: Agora Excavations
Cover design by David Blakesley.
Printed on acid-free paper.
Parlor Press, LLC is an independent publisher of scholarly and trade titles in print and multimedia formats. This book is available in paper, hardcover, and Adobe eBook formats from Parlor Press on the World Wide Web at http://www.parlorpress.com or through online and brick-and-mortar bookstores. For submission information or to find out about Parlor Press publications, write to Parlor Press, 8 1 6 Robinson St., West Lafayette, Indiana, 47906, or e-mail [e-mail].


In memory of my Great Aunt Giovanna
and my Grandmother Caterina
In spiritu humilitatis, et in animo contrito suscipiamur a te, Domine: et sic fiat sacrificium nostrum in conspectu tuo hodie, ut placeat tibi, Domine Deus.


Contents
Acknowledgments
Preface
1 Etruscan Influences on the Development of Roman Rhetoric and Literature
2 Forces Shaping the Transition from Greek to Roman Rhetoric
3 Kairos in the Roman Reception of Greek Rhetoric
4 When Rhetoric Was Outlawed in Rome: The Censure of Greek Rhetoric and the Emergence of Roman Declamation
5 The “Latinization” of Greek Rhetoric: A Revolution of Attitude
6 The “Hellenization” of Marcus Tullius Cicero
7 Cicero “Latinizes” Hellenic Ethos
8 The Effects of the Roman Revolution on the Rhetorical Tradition of Athens and the Second Sophistic
9 A Study of the Roman Patronage of Greek Oratorical and Literary Contests: The Amphiareion of Oropos
10 Rhetoric at Rhodes: Greek Rhetoric in a Roman World
11 Severance and Restraint: Rhetoric in the Greek-Speaking East and the Latin-Speaking West
12 Conclusion: The Symbiotic Relationship of Greek Rhetoric and Roman Culture
Works Consulted
Works Cited
Index to the Print Edition
About the Author


Acknowledgments
My interest in ancient Rome and in rhetoric began (and re-began) at different times in my life. As a child, the stories of my ancestors’ land and our heritage gave me pride and self-esteem. As a college student my first professor of classical rhetoric, Hal Barrett, inspired a love of rhetoric. In 1972 I was able to study in Italy through the programs offered by the Vergilian Society. That experience brought together and made real both the academic subjects of Roman Studies and rhetoric and also a personal heritage and history. The study of Roman rhetoric became, for me, a study of not only the subject I love but also the people I came to consider my own. Similarly, my experiences as a student of the American School of Classical Studies at Athens nurtured my strong feelings for the study of Greek rhetoric. As I continued to study both Greek and Roman rhetoric—an inquiry which was then done in very clear and separate ways—I began to note similarities and relationships not emphasized in my education. Over the years I felt that emphasizing these social and cultural interactions between Greek and Roman rhetoric would provide a better understanding of classical rhetoric than currently exists. To be able to offer readers insights into Greek and Roman rhetoric is a synthesis of education, feelings, and desires that have been taking shape for many years.
Of particular value in this project is the availability of recent epigraphical evidence that extends our knowledge beyond extant, conventional literary sources. This new archaeological material is valuable in almost every period examined in this work. The early efforts of Greek colonization in the West, the nature and extent of Roman patronage of Greek literary and rhetorical arts, and the impact of rhetorical deliberation are all enhanced by our study of this new evidence. The research and analysis of these inscriptions was made possible through the support of the National Endowment for the Humanities and the cooperation of the Greek Ministry of Culture and The American School of Classical Studies at Athens.
The maps, photographs, and drawings that appear in this volume also are the result of the cooperation of many individuals and institutions. Although figures are credited at each entry, I wish to thank individually the persons who helped to make it possible for these items to be included. Jan Jordan, Charles Watkinson, and Craig Mauzy of the American School of Classical Studies at Athens (Agora Excavations) were of invaluable help in securing permission to reproduce archaeological illustrations. I also wish to thank Elizabeth Robinson of the Ancient World Mapping Center (The University of North Carolina), Marian Head of The Watts Publishing Group (London), and my colleagues of the American Classical League for seeing that I was given permission to use their illustrations and maps in this work. Only those who have done such tasks realize how valuable such cooperation and consideration can be in the preparation of a volume.
Students are influenced by their professors in at least two ways. The first is direct and obvious: the imparting of the substance of the discipline. The second way is indirect and less obvious: the disposition, approach, and zeal by which that substance is imparted. After thirty-five years of teaching I still have difficultly determining which is more important. I suppose that the answer is both, for I certainly benefited from scholars who excelled in these two dimensions. For those personal experiences I wish to thank my colleagues at Texas Christian University. If by no other source than personal experience, I am convinced that the Romans were accurate in stressing the value of learning by studying excellent models. Lastly, I wish to thank the Banchio family for preserving and nurturing a love of heritage, as well as the four decades of my own students who unceasingly re-kindle enthusiasm with their eagerness to learn. I also wish to thank the Vergilian Society for the experience of studying in Italy that forever shaped my education and interest in Roman rhetoric.
Several individuals and organizations helped to make primary and secondary sources available. I thank the librarians and custodians at the Biblioteca Reale Di Torino, as well as the Museo Archaeologico and Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana in Florence for allowing me to examine rare primary material on Roman rhetoric and Etruscan epigraphy and artifacts. I also wish to thank Sarah L. Yoder and Amy K. Hermanson for many valuable suggestions on grammar and style; their recommendations on correctness and clarity have shaped both my expression and my appreciation for writing well. I also wish to thank all the