Sarajevo, 1941-1945

Emily Greble

Description

There is much to commend this study. Emily Greble capitalizes on a recent historiographical trend which prioritizes the local to observe the national and international.... Greble has contributed an important study which should be useful to others researching the war years in the region. Journal of Jewish StudiesOn April 15, 1941, Sarajevo fell to Germany's 16th Motorized Infantry Division. The city, along with the rest of Bosnia, was incorporated into the Independent State of Croatia, one of the most brutal of Nazi satellite states run by the ultranationalist Croat Ustasha regime. The occupation posed an extraordinary set of challenges to Sarajevo's famously cosmopolitan culture and its civic consciousness; these challenges included humanitarian and political crises and tensions of national identity. As detailed for the first time in Emily Greble's book, the city's complex mosaic of confessions (Catholic, Orthodox, Muslim, Jewish) and ethnicities (Croat, Serb, Jew, Bosnian Muslim, Roma, and various other national minorities) began to fracture under the Ustasha regime's violent assault on "Serbs, Jews, and Roma"contested categories of identity in this multiconfessional spacetearing at the city's most basic traditions. Nor was there unanimity within the various ethnic and confessional groups: some Catholic Croats detested the Ustasha regime while others rode to power within it; Muslims quarreled about how best to position themselves for the postwar world, and some cast their lot with Hitler and joined the ill-fated Muslim Waffen SS. In time, these centripetal forces were complicated by the Yugoslav civil war, a multisided civil conflict fought among Communist Partisans, Chetniks (Serb nationalists), Ustashas, and a host of other smaller groups. The absence of military conflict in Sarajevo allows Greble to explore the different sides of civil conflict, shedding light on the ways that humanitarian crises contributed to civil tensions and the ways that marginalized groups sought political power within the shifting political system. There is much drama in these pages: In the late days of the war, the Ustasha leaders, realizing that their game was up, turned the city into a slaughterhouse before fleeing abroad. The arrival of the Communist Partisans in April 1945 ushered in a new revolutionary era, one met with caution by the townspeople. Greble tells this complex story with remarkable clarity. Throughout, she emphasizes the measures that the city's leaders took to preserve against staggering odds the cultural and religious pluralism that had long enabled the city's diverse populations to thrive together.

Sujets

• Histoire
• Eastern Europe
• World War II
• History of Europe

Informations

• Publié par: Cornell University Press
• Date de parution: 25 février 2011
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9780801460739
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 2 Mo

Extrait

SARAJEVO, 1941–1945

SARAJEVO, 1941–1945

Muslims, Christians, and Jews in Hitler’s Europe

EMILY GREBLE

CORNELL UNIVERSIT Y PRESS ITHAC A AND LONDON

Copyrîght © 2011 by Cornell Unîversîty

All rîghts reserved. Except or brîe quotatîons în a revîew, thîs book, or parts thereo, must not be reproduced în any orm wîthout permîssîon în wrîtîng rom the publîsher. For înormatîon, address Cornell Unîversîty Press, Sage House, 512 East State Street, Ithaca, New York 14850.

Fîrst publîshed 2011 by Cornell Unîversîty Press Prînted în the Unîted States o Amerîca

Lîbrary o Congress Catalogîng-în-Publîcatîon Data

Greble, Emîly, 1978  Sarajevo, 19411945 : Muslîms, Chrîstîans, and Jews în Hîtler’s Europe / Emîly Greble.  p. cm.  Includes bîblîographîcal reerences and îndex.  ISBN 978-0-8014-4921-5 (cloth : alk. paper)  1. World War, 19391945—Bosnîa and Hercegovîna—Sarajevo. 2. Sarajevo (Bosnîa and Hercegovîna)—Hîstory. I. Tîtle.

D766.62.S37G74 2011 940.53'49742—dc22

2010029823

Cornell Unîversîty Press strîves to use envîronmentally responsîble supplîers and materîals to the ullest extent possîble în the publîsh- îng o îts books. Such materîals înclude vegetable-based, low-VOC înks and acîd-ree papers that are recycled, totally chlorîne-ree, or partly composed o nonwood fibers. For urther înormatîon, vîsît our websîte at www.cornellpress.cornell.edu.

Cloth prîntîng

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FOR MY SISTER, JULIA

CONTENTS

Lîst o Maps and Illustratîons Acknowledgments Lîst o Major Archîves Note on Language and Foreîgn Terms

Cîty Lînes: Multîculturalîsm and Sarajevo 1. Portraîts o a Cîty on the Eve o War 2. Autonomy Compromîsed: Nazî Occupatîon and the Ustasha Regîme 3. Conversîon and Complîcîty: Ethnîcally Cleansîng the Natîon 4. Between Identîtîes: The Fragîle Bonds o Communîty 5. Dîlemmas o the New European Order: The Muslîm Questîon and the Yugoslav Cîvîl War 6. An Uprîsîng în the Makîng 7. The Fînal Months: From Total War to Communîst Vîctory The Sympathetîc Cîty: Communîty and Identîty în Wartîme Sarajevo

Bîblîography Index

îx xî xv xvîî

1 29

54 88 119

148 179 208 241

257 271

MAPS AND ILLUSTRATIONS

Maps 1. Interwar Yugoslavîa, 191841 2. Sarajevo, cîrca 1942 3. Independent State o Croatîa, 194145

10 48 57

Illustrations Postcard rom înterwar Sarajevo rontîspîece  1. Postcard rom wartîme Sarajevo 50  2. Panorama o Sarajevo, cîrca 1941 51  3. Destructîon o the Jewîsh synagogue durîng the German bombîng, Aprîl 1941 56  4. Bačarîja, cîrca 1941 76  5. Archbîshop Ivan Šarîć and German soldîers, downtown Sarajevo 82  6. Jewîsh orced labor battalîon workîng în Sarajevo, cîrca 1941 111  7. Reugees on the streets o Sarajevo, cîrca 1942 136  8. Soldîers în the Handar Dîvîsîon (Bosnîan Muslîm Wafen SS unît) 169  9. Devastatîon rom the Allîed bombîng o Sarajevo, all 1943 180 10. Excavatîon o the house o terror, Aprîl 1945 222 11. Vîctîms o Luburîć terror, March 28, 1945 227 12. Vladîmîr Perîć (Valter) uneral processîon, Aprîl 9, 1945 232 13. Celebratîons or May Day, May 1, 1945 232