Scanning the Pharaohs

Sahar Saleem, Zahi Hawass

Description

A gripping analysis of the results of the groundbreaking imaging technology used to examine the royal mummies of the New Kingdom, by leading experts in the field

Named an Outstanding Academic Title of the Year by CHOICE

A gripping analysis of the results of the groundbreaking imaging technology used to examine the royal mummies of the New Kingdom, now in paperback

"Essential. A superb, semi-popular account of the results of CT imaging performed on several New Kingdom Egyptian royal mummies. . . . The results are sometimes surprising but always fascinating. . . . This book will be of great interest not only to scholars but to anyone else fascinated by Egyptian mummies."—Choice

"[A] remarkable book. The scans are reproduced for all to see and an extensive section of color images provides information never before reported. The comprehensive bibliography is also a contribution. This volume sets a high standard for future scans of the mummies of ancient Egypt."— Bob Brier, Journal of the American Oriental Society

"This publication is certainly a great step forward on the path to the discovery and understanding of the life and thought of the ancient Egyptians through multidisciplinary research on the royal mummies."— Bretislav Vachala, Archiv Orientální

"Fascinating and well-organized . . . incredibly appealing. Imaging professionals and those who are interested in ancient history will find this book fascinating."—Patti Hensel, Radiologic Technology

Chronology
Introduction
1 Radiographic Imaging of Royal Egyptian Mummies: Previous and Current Studies
2 The Story of the Royal Caches
3 The Discovery of the Mummy of Queen Hatshepsut, and Examination of the Mummies of Her Family
4 CT Examination of Selected Mid- to Late Eighteenth Dynasty Mummies
5 The CT-scan of the Mummy of Tutankhamun: New Evidence on the Life and Death of the King
6 The Two Fetuses Found in the Tomb of Tutankhamun
7 Investigations into King Tutankhamun's Family
8 The Search for the Mummy of Queen Nefertiti
9 The Nineteenth Dynasty
10 Dynasty Twenty: Ramesses III, Pentawere, and the Harem Conspiracy
11 CT Findings on the Mummification Process of Royal Ancient Egyptians, Eighteenth to Early Twentieth Dynasties
12 Amulets, Funerary Figures, and Other Objects Found on the Mummies
13 Faces of the Royal Mummies
Appendix: List of the Royal Mummies in the Cairo Museum
Glossary

Sujets

• Social Science
• Middle Eastern
• HISTORY
• Histoire
• Abu simbel
• George Herbert de Carnarvon
• Egipto
• Prehistory
• Archaeology
• Egypt
• Abu Rawash
• Valley of the Kings
• MENA
• Preservation
• Eye of Horus
• Earl of Carnarvon
• Abu Simbel temples
• Radiology
• Saqqara
• Egyptology
• Tomb
• Ancient history
• Forensic science
• Tutankhamun
• Social sciences
• Paleontology
• North Africa
• Middle East
• Ancient Egypt
• Classical
• Art
• Ancient
• Zahi Hawass
• Saqqarah
• Conservation
• George Herbert (Lord Carnarvon)
• 1922
• Howard Carter

Informations

• Publié par: The American University in Cairo Press
• Date de parution: 30 décembre 2015
• Nombre de lectures: 1
• EAN13: 9781617976926
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 145 Mo

Extrait

Scanning the Pharaohs

Scanning Parah the CT Imaging of the New Kingdom Royal Mummies

Zahi Hawass Sahar N. Saleem

edited by Sue D’Auria

The American University in Cairo Press Cairo New York

First published in 2016 by The American University in Cairo Press 113 Sharia Kasr el Aini, Cairo, Egypt 420 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10018 www.aucpress.com

Copyright © 2016 by Zahi Hawass and Sahar N. Saleem

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher.

Dar el Kutub No. 2317/14 ISBN 978 977 416 673 0

Dar el Kutub Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Hawass, Zahi Scanning the Pharaohs: CT Imaging of the New Kingdom Royal Mummies/ by Zahi Hawass and Sahar N. Saleem – Cairo: The American University in Cairo Press, 2016 p. cm. ISBN 978 977 416 673 0 Egypt–Antiquities Saleem, Sahar N. (Jt. auth.) 932

1 2 3 4 5 20 19 18 17 16

Designed by Sally Boylan Printed in the United States of America

Dedicated to the memory of Mark Linz

List of Tables Foreword Acknowledgments Chronology Introduction

1

2

Contents

Radiographic Imaging of Royal Egyptian Mummies: Previous and Current Studies Introduction MDCT Scanning Technique MDCT Image Analysis and Reconstruction Other Methods of CT Image Reconstruction Image Interpretation Conclusion

The Story of the Royal Caches Historical Introduction The Cache of Deir al-Bahari (DB320) The Second Royal Cache: The Tomb of Amenhotep II (KV35) Sidelight: The Abdel Rasoul Family The Mummies in the Valley of the Kings

vii

xi xiii xv xvii 1

11 11 14 14 19 19 28

29 29 31 33 34 40

3

4

5

6

7

The Discovery of the Mummy of Queen Hatshepsut, and Examination of the Mummies of Her Family Historical Introduction The Search for the Queen Sidelight: Adventure in the Valley Sidelight: Hatshepsut's Box The Discovery DNA Testing Conclusions

CT Examination of Selected Mid- to Late Eighteenth Dynasty Mummies Historical Introduction: The Reign of Amenhotep II to the Amarna Period Examination of the Mummies

The CT Scan of the Mummy of Tutankhamun: New Evidence on the Life and Death of the King Historical Introduction The Mummy of Tutankhamun CT Scanning of the Mummy Conclusions Sidelight: A New Theory about the "Burned" Mummy of Tutankhamun

The Two Fetuses Found in the Tomb of Tutankhamun Historical Introduction Previous Plain X-ray Study of Mummy 317b Results of the CT Scan of the Two Fetuses Comparison between Findings of the CT Study and the Previous Plain X-ray Studies

Investigations into King Tutankhamun’s Family Historical Introduction The Parentage and Family of Tutankhamun: The DNA Evidence Results of the Research Marfan’s Disease and the Family of Tutankhamun

viii Contents

43 43 45 48 54 59 61 61

65

65 67

89 89 90 92 100

104

107 107 108 108

115

117 117

121 122 124

8

9

The Search for the Mummy of Queen Nefertiti Historical Introduction The Mummy of Nefertiti: Recent Theories The KV21 Mummies CT Scans of the KV21 Mummies The Two Fetuses in Tutankhamun’s Tomb: DNA Analysis Conclusions Sidelight: Mutnodjmet

The Nineteenth Dynasty Historical Introduction CT Examination of Selected Mummies of the Nineteenth Dynasty Sidelight: The Exodus Sidelight: Questions about Ramesses II and Merenptah

10 The Twentieth Dynasty: Ramesses III, Pentawere, and the Harem Conspiracy Historical Introduction Examination of Ramesses III and Unknown Man E Sidelight: New Evidence on the Death of Ramesses III

11 CT Findings on the Mummification Process of Royal Ancient Egyptians, Eighteenth to Early Twentieth Dynasties Mummification in Ancient Egypt Body Position CT Features of Ancient Egyptian Embalming Materials Head Mummification and Excerebration Evisceration: Removal of Viscera and Visceral Packs Cosmetic Care and Beautification of Mummies Multiple Restorations Mummification Features as Dating Criteria

12 Amulets, Funerary Figures, and Other Objects Found on the Mummies Introduction Jewelry Amulets and Funerary Figures Beads and Stones Other Foreign Objects

129 129 130 132 136 141 142 143

145 145 150 152 172

175 175 179 190

193 193 195 196 199 205 209 220 220

231 231 236 239 243 243

Contents ix