Set in Stone

Kenneth Shefsiek

Description

Winner of the 2017 Hendricks Award presented by the New Netherland Institute

In 1678, seven French-speaking Protestant families established the village of New Paltz in the Hudson River Valley of New York. Life on the edge of European settlement presented many challenges, but a particular challenge for these ethnic Walloon families, originally from the southern Spanish Netherlands, was that they lived in a Dutch cultural region in an English colony. In Set in Stone, Kenneth Shefsiek explores how the founders and their descendants reacted to and perpetuated this multiethnic cultural environment for generations.

As the founding families controlled their town economically and politically, they creatively and selectively blended the cultures available to them. They allowed their Walloon culture to slip away early in the village's history, but they continued to combine Dutch and English cultures for more than 150 years. When they finally abandoned the last vestiges of Dutch culture in the early nineteenth century, they did so just as descendants of English colonists began to claim that the national commitment to liberty and freedom was grounded in the nation's English heritage. Not willing to be marginalized, descendants of the New Paltz Walloons constructed an alternative national narrative, placing their ancestors at the very center of the American story.

List of Maps, Tables, and Illustrations
Acknowledgments
Introduction: New Paltz: Into the Mix

1. The Walloons' English Town

2. I Give Devise and Bequeath: Gender, Property, and Ethnocultural Creolization

3. Halls, Windows, Hearths, and Barns: Architecture and Ethnic Culture

4. "French, Dutch, and Tolerable English": Language Use in Early New Paltz

5. Schism: Ecclesiastical Conflict in a Creolized Community

6. "The precious germ of civil and religion freedom"

7. Set in Stone

Notes
Bibliography
Index

Sujets

• Local history
• Region
• History of the Americas
• Regional

Informations

• Publié par: State University of New York Press
• Date de parution: 23 février 2017
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9781438464374
• Langue: English

Extrait

S ET IN S TONE
Set in Stone
Creating and Commemorating a Hudson Valley Culture
Kenneth Shefsiek
Cover image: Memorial House, New Paltz, New York, postcard, c. 1920.
Collection of the author.
Published by State University of New York Press, Albany
© 2017 State University of New York
All rights reserved
Printed in the United States of America
No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission. No part of this book may be stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means including electronic, electrostatic, magnetic tape, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise without the prior permission in writing of the publisher.
For information, contact State University of New York Press, Albany, NY
www.sunypress.edu
Production, Jenn Bennett
Marketing, Fran Keneston
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Shefsiek, Kenneth, author.
Title: Set in stone : creating and commemorating a Hudson Valley culture / Kenneth Shefsiek.
Description: Albany : State University of New York Press, 2017. | Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2016031459 (print) | LCCN 2016053185 (ebook) | ISBN 9781438464350 (hardcover : alk. paper) | ISBN 9781438464374 (e-book)
Subjects: LCSH: New Paltz (N.Y.)--History.
Classification: LCC F129.N53 S47 2017 (print) | LCC F129.N53 (ebook) | DDC 974.7/34--dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2016031459
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
CONTENTS
List of Maps, Tables, and Illustrations
Acknowledgments
Introduction New Paltz: Into the Mix
Chapter 1 The Walloons’ English Town
Chapter 2 I Give Devise and Bequeath: Gender, Property, and Ethnocultural Creolization
Chapter 3 Halls, Windows, Hearths, and Barns: Architecture and Ethnic Culture
Chapter 4 “French, Dutch, and Tolerable English”: Language Use in Early New Paltz
Chapter 5 Schism: Ecclesiastical Conflict in a Creolized Community
Chapter 6 “The precious germ of civil and religion freedom”
Chapter 7 Set in Stone
Notes
Bibliography
Index
MAPS, TABLES, and ILLUSTRATIONS
Maps
1.1 The Spanish Netherlands, Herman Moll, c. 1707
Tables
1.1 Genealogical connections of the New Paltz patentees
1.2 Marriage patterns, 1750–1800
4.1 Language of wills, 1676–1800
4.2 Language of financial receipts (I)
4.3 Language of financial receipts (II)
5.1 Members of the Second (Conferentie) Church of New Paltz
Figures
3.1 Progressive development of the rookhuis
3.2 Three variations of a rookhuis with an insteek
3.3 Los hoes (Johannes Winckelman barn/house, 1642, Achter Col Settlement, now the site of Bogota, Bergen County, New Jersey)
3.4 Structural framing of a rural Dutch-American house
3.5 Structural framing of a Dutch-American barn (Van Campen-Dewitt Barn, Wallpack Center Vicinity, Sussex County, New Jersey, early nineteenth century)
3.6 The Parson Capen House, Topsfield, Massachusetts, 1683, exterior
3.7 The Parson Capen House, Topsfield, Massachusetts, floor plan
3.8 Maria DuBois House, exterior, 1705
3.9 Maria DuBois House, interior
3.10 Five-plate stove, 1758 (at Schifferstadt, Frederick, Maryland)
3.11 Abraham LeFevre House, Gardiner, New York, addition c. 1758
3.12 Stairs ( wenteltrap ) to the attic in the Samuel Bevier House, c. 1731–1732
3.13 Daniel Hasbrouck House, 1721, c. 1728, c. 1734
3.14 Longitudinal section of Daniel Hasbrouck House
3.15 Samuel Bevier House (south façade), c. 1731–1732, c. 1735, with mid-eighteenth century addition
3.16 Samuel Bevier House (north façade)
3.17 Longitudinal section of Samuel Bevier House
3.18 Stairs to opkamer in Daniel Hasbrouck House
3.19 Deyo House at Bontecoe (in c. 1903)
3.20 Jacob Hasbrouck House, 1721
3.21 Jacob Hasbrouck House floor plan
3.22 Matthew Ten Eyck House, Hurley, New York, 1750
3.23 Matthew Ten Eyck House, Hurley, New York, floor plan
3.24 MacPhaedris-Warner House, Portsmouth, New Hampshire, 1718–1723
3.25 “Westover,” Charles City, Virginia, c. 1730–1734
3.26 Cornelius Wynkoop House, Marbletown, New York, 1772
3.27 Abraham LeFevre House, Gardiner, New York, 1740–1742, c. 1758, c. 1794
3.28 Daniel Deyo House, c. 1763 (in c. 1903)
3.29 Freer-Louw House, 1762, 1763
3.30 Jacob Hasbrouck House reconstructed kruiskozijn window
3.31 Jacob Hasbrouck House reconstructed bolkozijn window
3.32 Daniel Hasbrouck House sash windows
3.33 Jambless fireplace, Jacob Hasbrouck House
3.34 Room in Jacob Hasbrouck House
3.35 Evert Terwilliger House, Gardiner, New York, 1738, with c. 1762 alterations
3.36 Evert Terwilliger House, Gardiner, New York
3.37 Evert Terwilliger House, floor plan of original condition
3.38 Evert Terwilliger House, floor plan after c. 1762 reconstruction
3.39 Evert Terwilliger House, stairs
3.40 Evert Terwilliger House, parlor fireplace
3.41 Evert Terwilliger House, mantel, second-floor bedchamber
3.42 Frederick Deyo House, “Thornwood,” late eighteenth century
3.43 Jacob Hasbrouck Jr. House, 1786 (with later gables)
3.44 Abraham LeFevre House, Gardiner, New York, with c. 1825–1830 alterations
3.45 Cristoffel Deyo House, rear façade (original front façade), mid-eighteenth century
3.46 Cristoffel Deyo House, front façade (original rear façade)
3.47 Maria DuBois House, 1705, with c. 1830s additions
3.48 Stephen Goetschius House, 1791
3.49 Lucas Van Wagenen House, 1800
3.50 John A. Hardenbergh House (sometimes known as the “Col. Abraham J. Hardenbergh House”), late eighteenth century
3.51 Ezekiel Eltinge House, 1799
3.52 “The Locusts,” 1826
3.53 Josiah Hasbrouck House, “Locust Lawn,” 1814
3.54 Gideon Granger Homestead, Canandaigua, New York, 1816
3.55 Structural framing of Dutch-American barn (Van Campen-Dewitt Barn, Wallpack Center Vicinity, Sussex County, New Jersey)
6.1 Eighteenth-century chair, originally owned by Jacob Hasbrouck Sr. (one of six)
6.2 Josiah Hasbrouck House, “Locust Lawn,” main hall
6.3 Bust of Diana , Joseph Mozier, c. 1850
6.4 Server, John Banks, c. 1810
6.5 Blanche and Fitz James , needlework created by Hylah Bevier at the Litchfield Female Academy, c. 1811
6.6 Deyo House, before 1894
6.7 Deyo House, after 1894
7.1 Visitors to the Jean Hasbrouck House, c. 1897–1899
7.2 Unveiling of Huguenot Monument, September 29, 1908
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
For a work of scholarship the origins of which are more than fifteen years in the past, many people and institutions have assisted me along the way. I first and foremost want to thank Jack Braunlein, Eric Roth, and Leslie LeFevre-Stratton (my favorite “Huguenot”), whose work for the Huguenot Historical Society both before and after I was employed there ultimately made my research possible. Jack’s guidance and support, as well as his deep commitment to scholarship in the support of Huguenot Street, brought much-needed professionalism to the institution. He gave me the assistance I needed as I began my research into the history of New Paltz. Without Eric’s superb archival organization, I am not even sure that this study would have been possible; and Leslie’s scholarly curiosity about her family’s heritage, her humor, and her friendship added great joy to my life in New Paltz (even though I know that my loud voice often got on her nerves). I cannot see a pink paperclip nor an “omnibus” sky without thinking of her.
I would also like to extend my deep gratitude to my many professors at the University of Georgia. I entered my graduate program there with little academic training in history but with practical skills in interpreting the past for the public; and the training and support they provided me changed my life. In particular, I would like to thank Allan Kulikoff, Peter Charles Hoffer, John Inscoe, Michael Kwass, Kathleen Clark, and Paul Sutter. They sometimes intimidated me, they consistently challenged me, and they gave me every opportunity to argue with them whenever I felt compelled (which, given my temperament, was often). I will forever be deeply grateful for their guidance and support. I would also like to thank the History Department at the University of North Carolina, Wilmington, most especially Paul Townend, for his efforts to provide me with the resources I needed to complete this work, and Tammy Gordon, who welcomed me to the university with open arms, making my transition to teaching far less stressful than it could have been. I extend my thanks also to Ted Bartlett, Neil Larsen, and Douglas Bucher, whose research on the Huguenot Street houses, Locust Lawn, and the Evert Terwilliger House I have drawn upon extensively, even if I drew my own conclusions based on their work. I would also like to thank Dennis Maika, David Voorhees, and Firth Fabend for the support they expressed for my work at the New Netherland Society’s Emerging Scholars Roundtable in 2014. I also extend my gratitude to the State University of New York Press, particularly to Amanda Lanne-Camilli and Jenn Bennett. Amanda made a daunting process far less daunting than it might have been. I also want to thank Jan Davidson for her assistance in improving my manuscript