South Africa and India

Eric Worby, Michelle Williams, Goolam Vahed, Stéphanie Tawa Lama-Rewal, Crain Soudien, Jonathan Hyslop, Isabel Hofmeyr, Patrick Heller, Pamila Gupta, Pradip Kumar Datta, Phil Bonner, Claire Bénit-Gbaffou

Description

South Africa’s future is increasingly tied up with that of India. While trade and investment between the two countries is intensifying, they share long-standing historical ties and have much in common: apart from cricket, colonialism and Gandhi, both countries are important players in the global South. As India emerges as a major economic power, the need to understand these links becomes ever more pressing. Can the two countries enter balanced forms of exchange? What forms of transnational political community between these two regions have yet to be researched and understood? The first section of South Africa and India traces the range of historical connection between the two countries. The second section explores unconventional comparisons that offer rich ground on which to build original areas of study. This innovative book looks to a post-American world in which the global South will become ever more important. Within this context, the Indian Ocean arena itself and South Africa and India in particular move to the fore. The book’s main contribution lies in the approaches and methods offered by its wide range of contributors for thinking about this set of circumstances.
Introduction
South Africa–India: Historical Connections, Cultural Circulations and Socio-political Comparisons
Isabel Hofmeyr and Michelle Williams
Chapter 1
Gandhi’s Printing Press: Indian Ocean Print Cultures and Cosmopolitanisms
Isabel Hofmeyr
Chapter 2
Steamship Empire: Asian, African and British Sailors in the Merchant Marine c. 1880–1945
Jonathan Hyslop
Chapter 3
The Interlocking Worlds of the Anglo-Boer War in South Africa and India
Pradip Kumar Datta
Chapter 4
The Disquieting of History: Portuguese (De)Colonisation and Goan Migration in the Indian Ocean
Pamila Gupta
Chapter 5
Monty… Meets Gandhi … Meets Mandela: The Dilemma of Non-violent Resisters in South Africa, 1940–60
Goolam Vahed
Chapter 6
Renaissances, African and Modern: Gandhi as a Resource?
Crain Soudien
Chapter 7
Democratic Deepening in India and South Africa
Patrick Heller
Chapter 8
Local Democracy in Indian and South African Cities: A Comparative Literature Review
Claire Bénit-Gbaffou and Stéphanie Tawa Lama-Rewal
Chapter 9
Reimagining Socialist Futures in South Africa and Kerala, India
Michelle Williams
Chapter 10
Labour, Migrancy and Urbanisation in South Africa and India, 1900–60
Phil Bonner
Conclusion
Cricket Ethics: Reflections on a South African-Indian Politics of Virtue
Eric Worby

Sujets

• HISTORY
• Histoire
• África
• South Asia
• General officer
• History of Africa
• General
• Africa
• India

Informations

• Publié par: WITS University Press
• Date de parution: 01 mai 2011
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9781868149483
• Langue: English

Extrait

South africa & India
Shaping the Global South
South Africa & India
Shaping the Global South
Edited by Isabel Hofmeyr and Michelle Williams
Published in South Africa by:
Wits University Press
1 Jan Smuts Avenue
Johannesburg
2001
www.witspress.co.za
Published edition copyright © Wits University Press 2011
Compilation copyright © Edition editors 2011
Chapters copyright © Individual authors 2011
First published 2011
ISBN 978-1-86814-538-6
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the written permission of the publisher, except in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright Act, Act 98 of 1978.
Cover and text design by Prins
Typesetting by Pamset
Printed and bound by Ultra Litho (Pty) Ltd .
Table of Contents

Acknowledgements
Abbreviations and Acronyms
Introduction
South Africa–India: Historical Connections, Cultural Circulations and Socio-political Comparisons
Isabel Hofmeyr and Michelle Williams
Historical Connections
Chapter 1
Gandhi’s Printing Press: Indian Ocean Print Cultures and Cosmopolitanisms
Isabel Hofmeyr
Chapter 2
Steamship Empire: Asian, African and British Sailors in the Merchant Marine c. 1880–1945
Jonathan Hyslop
Chapter 3
The Interlocking Worlds of the Anglo-Boer War in South Africa and India
Pradip Kumar Datta
Chapter 4
The Disquieting of History: Portuguese (De)Colonisation and Goan Migration in the Indian Ocean
Pamila Gupta
Chapter 5
Monty … Meets Gandhi … Meets Mandela: The Dilemma of Non-violent Resisters in South Africa, 1940–60
Goolam Vahed
Socio-political Comparisons
Chapter 6
Renaissances, African and Modern: Gandhi as a Resource?
Crain Soudien
Chapter 7
Democratic Deepening in India and South Africa
Patrick Heller
Chapter 8
Local Democracy in Indian and South African Cities: A Comparative Literature Review
Claire Bénit-Gbaffou and Stéphanie Tawa Lama-Rewal
Chapter 9
Reimagining Socialist Futures in South Africa and Kerala, India
Michelle Williams
Chapter 10
Labour, Migrancy and Urbanisation in South Africa and India, 1900–60
Phil Bonner
Conclusion
Cricket Ethics: Reflections on a South African-Indian Politics of Virtue
Eric Worby
Notes and References
About the Authors
Index
Acknowledgements
This volume arises out of a number of research initiatives associated with the Centre for Indian Studies in Africa (CISA) at the University of the Witwatersrand ( www.cisa-wits.org) . Started in 2006 as a network of researchers under the title ‘South Africa – India Research Thrust’, CISA hosted seminars, conferences, public events, cultural performances and literary festivals as well as producing a range of publications. This volume represents a selection of work undertaken at CISA over the last five years.
The articles are drawn from academic publications and are collected together here to provide more ready access to a wider readership. The introduction, chapters 2 , 4 , 7 , 9 , 10 and 11 appeared as a special issue of the Journal of Asian and African Studies 44 (1) 2009 and are reproduced with the permission of Sage. Chapter 3 arose from a colloquium on ‘South Africa-India: Re-imagining the Disciplines’ held at the University of the Witwatersrand in 2006. The papers from this event appeared in a special issue of the South African Historical Journal 57 2007 and chapter 3 is reproduced with the permission of Taylor and Francis. Chapters 5 and 6 are taken from a special issue of Historia 54 (1) 2009 which emerged from a colloquium ‘The Bonfire of 1908: Passive Resistance Then and Now’ held at the University of the Witwatersrand in 2008 with support from the Consulate General of India in Johannesburg. These two pieces are reproduced with the permission of the journal Historia. Chapter 1 first appeared in a collection of essays Cosmopolitan Thought Zones: South Asia and the Global Circulation of Ideas edited by Kris Manjapra and Sugata Bose (London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010) and is reproduced with the permission of Palgrave MacMillan.
The publications described above as well as this volume were enabled by funding from the University of the Witwatersrand and the National Research Foundation.
We thank all our colleagues who assisted with the organization of these events and those who took part in them. Our thanks as well to the staff at Wits University Press for their smooth handling of this volume.
Abbreviations and acronyms
ANC
African National Congress
ASC
Anti-Segregation Council
BCCI
Board of Control for Cricket of India
BJP
Bharatiya Janata Party
BRIC
Brazil, India, China
BRICSA
Brazil, India, China and South Africa
CAA
Constitutional Amendment Act
COSATU
Congress of South African Trade Unions
CPI(M)
Communist Party of India (Marxist)
CPSA
Communist Party of South Africa
CST
Colonialism of a Special Type
EPW
Economic and Political Weekly
GEAR
Growth, Employment and Redistribution policy
GDP
Gross domestic product
GOI
Government of India
HIV/AIDS
Human immunnodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome
IBSA
India – Brazil – South Africa
INC
Indian National Congress
IPL
Indian Premier League
IPP
International Printing Press
JNNURM
Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission
JP
Jaya Prakash Narayan
LSG
Liberal Study Group
NAD
Natal Archives Depot
NDR
National Democratic Revolution
NGO
non-governmental organisation
NIA
Natal Indian Association
NIC
Natal Indian Congress
NSFU
National Seamen’s and Firemen’s Union
PAC
Pan Africanist Congress
PRC
Passive Resistance Council
PRI
Panchayati Raj Institution
RDP
Reconstruction and Development Programme
RSS
Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh
SACP
South African Communist Party
SACTU
South African Congress of Trade Unions
SAIC
South African Indian Congress
SANCO
South African National Civic Organisation
SC
Scheduled Caste
ST
Scheduled Tribe
TAC
Treatment Action Campaign
ULB
Urban local body
TIC
Transvaal Indian Congress
TRC
Truth and Reconciliation Commission
VHP
Vishva Hindu Parishad
Introduction
Introduction
South Africa–India: Historical Connections, Cultural Circulations and Socio-political Comparisons
Isabel Hofmeyr and Michelle Williams
Pick up any South African newspaper or tune in to any broadcast programme and before long one is likely to come across an item on India. Whether an advertisement for a particular model of Tata or Mahindra motor car, or a report on the growing trade and investment links between the two countries, each day brings mounting evidence of the marked intensification of relations between South Africa and India.
This Indian presence in the South African media may seem unremarkable. As a rising world economic power, India probably currently features more in most international media than it used to. South Africa has one of the largest Indian diasporic populations and one may hence expect India-related stories. However, the Indian presence in the South African media is noteworthy in two respects: firstly, the reporting on India appears in the mainstream media rather than those aimed specifically at South African Indian communities and, secondly, the discussion of India in the South African media tends to explore the economic synergies that exist between the two countries rather than discussing India’s rise in general.
This focus on these new economic possibilities in turn forms part of a series of state and public policies that specifically seek to bolster South Africa–India interactions. Prior to South Africa’s political transition in 1994, there were no formal economic ties between the two countries. In 2008/2009 total trade amounted to over US$4 billion. Since 2001 it has grown at a phenomenal rate of 22 per cent per annum, and the two governments set a target of US$10 billion in trade by 2010. Investment has grown almost as rapidly, and today there are at least 50 major corporations from each country operating in the other, and as many as 20 or 25 others exploring the possibility of investing from one to the other. Both states are committed to increasing these figures by making use of their growing number of bilateral agreements and the trilateral possibilities opened up by the India–Brazil– South Africa initiative (commonly know as IBSA). Growth in commercial ties has seen the establishment of bilateral business associations and similar bodies, but has also stimulated the expansion of linkages in other social arenas beyond the market.
Other factors promote closer South Africa–India exchanges. There are longstanding historical links between the two countries inaugurated by 17th-century slavery at the Cape, where about one-quarter of the slaves were from South Asia, and then, from the 1860s, by the arrival of indentured labourers followed by merchants. The two countries share cross-cutting anti-colonial histories in which the figure of Gandhi has been central. The African National Congress and South African Communist Party drew on ideas and strategies from Indian nationalist struggles, while India was one of the first countries to provide support for the anti-apartheid movement. Both countries are middle-ranking powers in the Global South and both are vibrant democracies with strong traditions of public debate and press freedom. In addition to facing similar social issues such as HIV/AIDS, poverty and unemployment, both states are characterised by extreme linguistic, ethnic and religious diversity. Both are grappling with the issues presented by a rapidly rising middle class characterised by a mixture of high-minded political ideals encountering new modes of materialism and consumerism.
Given this context, it is not surprising that there has been a groundswell of academic interest in projects with a South Africa–India dimension. Across the disciplinary sp