Acute Blood Purification

Description

Acute organ damage and the ensuing multiple organ failure are the result of a pathophysiological process involving various cytokines. Once activated, these proteins cannot be eliminated even when the kidneys function at their maximum capacity. To counteract this mechanism, researchers in Japan have developed an innovative concept employing blood purification to remove the overwhelming cytokines.This book describes the use of hemodiafiltration to inhibit the cytokine storms which cause serious organ damage in patients with septic shock. Moreover, the technical construction of the blood purification system, which includes various machines, devices, membranes, fluids, etc., is explained in detail. Finally, leading experts discuss the concept of continuous renal replacement therapy as the standard care in critically ill patients with severe acute kidney injury.Describing the current state of acute blood purification, this publication provides new impulses and opens new avenues in the treatment of acute organ damage.

Informations

• Publié par: S. Karger AG
• Date de parution: 11 mai 2010
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9783805594790
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 2 Mo

Extrait

Acute Blood Purification
Contributions to Nephrology
Vol.166
Series Editor
Claudio Ronco     Vicenza
 
Acute Blood Purification
Volume Editors
Hiromichi Suzuki     Saitama
Hiroyuki Hirasawa     Chiba
38 figures, 5 in color, and 31 tables, 2010
Contributions to Nephrology (Founded 1975 by Geoffrey M. Berlyne)
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Hiromichi Suzuki Department of Nephrology Saitama Medical University Morohongo 38, Moroyamamachi Irumagun Saitama 350-0495 Japan
Hiroyuki Hirasawa Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo Chiba 260-8677 Japan
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Acute blood purification / volume editors, Hiromichi Suzuki, Hiroyuki Hirasawa.
p. ; cm. -- (Contributions to nephrology, ISSN 0302-5144; v.166)
Includes bibliographical references and indexes.
ISBN 978-3-8055-9478-3 (hard cover: alk. paper)
1. Blood-Filtration--Japan. 2. Critical care medicine-Japan. 3. Acute renal failure-Treatment-Japan. I. Suzuki, Hiromichi, M.D. II. Hirasawa, Hiroyuki, 1940- III. Series: Contributions to nephrology, v.166. 0302-5144;
[DNLM:1. Renal Dialysis-methods--Japan. 2. Renal Replacement Therapy--methods--Japan. 3. Acute Disease--therapy--Japan. 4. Critical Care—methods--Japan. 5. Kidney Failure, Acute--therapy--Japan. W1 C0778UN v.166 2010 / WJ 378 A1885 2010]
RC901.7.H47A28 2010
362.17'840952--dc22
2010010692
Bibliographic Indices. This publication is listed in bibliographic services, including Current Contents® and Index Medicus.
Disclaimer. The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publisher and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements in the book is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.
Drug Dosage. The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any change in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.
© Copyright 2010 by S. Karger AG, P.O. Box, CH-4009 Basel (Switzerland)
www.karger.com
Printed in Switzerland on acid-free and non-aging paper (ISO 9706) by Reinhardt Druck, Basel
ISSN 0302-5144
ISBN 978-3-8055-9478-3
e-ISBN 978-3-8055-9479-0
 
Contents
Preface
Hirasawa, H. (Chiba); Suzuki, H. (Saitama)
Introduction
Ronco, C. (Vicenza)
Current Status
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Current Status of Blood Purification in Critical Care in Japan
Kaizu, K.; Inada, Y.; Kawamura, A.; Oda, S.; Hirasawa, H. (Yokohama)
Terminology and Indication
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Terminology and Classification of Blood Purification in Critical Care in Japan
Kawanishi, H. (Hiroshima)
Indications for Blood Purification in Critical Care
Hirasawa, H. (Chiba)
Acute Renal Failure
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Acute Kidney Injury of Non-Septic Origin Requiring Dialysis Therapy
Suzuki, H.; Kanno, Y.; Tsukamoto, I.; Tsuchiya, Y.; Sugahara, S. (Saitama)
Septic Acute Renal Failure
Mori, T.;Shimizu, T.;Tani, T. (Ōtsu)
Non-renal Indication
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Non-Renal Indications for Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy: Current Status in Japan
Oda, S.; Sadahiro, T.; Hirayama, Y.; Nakamura, M.; Watanabe, E.; Tateishi, Y.; Hirasawa, H. (Chiba)
Continuous Hemodiafiltration Using a Polymethyl Methacrylate Membrane Hemofilter for Severe Acute Pancreatitis
Abe, R.; Oda, S.; Shinozaki, K.; Hirasawa, H. (Chiba)
Blood Purification in Fulminant Hepatic Failure
Shinozaki, K.; Oda, S.; Abe, R.;Tateishi, Y.; Yokoi, T.; Hirasawa, H. (Chiba)
Treatment of Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock by CHDF Using a PMMA Membrane Hemofilter as a Cytokine Modulator
Nakamura, M.;Oda, S.;Sadahiro, T.; Hirayama, Y.;Watanabe, E.;Tateishi, Y.; Nakada, T.; Hirasawa, H. (Chiba)
Efficacy of Continuous Hemodiafiltration with a Cytokine-Adsorbing Hemofilter in the Treatment of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Matsuda, K.; Moriguchi, T. (Yamanashi); Oda, S.; Hirasawa, H. (Chiba)
Blood Purification for Intoxication
Nakae, H. (Akita)
Current Progresses in Methodology in Blood Purification in Critical Care
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Current Progress in Blood Purification Methods Used in Critical Care Medicine
Saito, A. (Isehara)
Membrane Materials for Blood Purification in Critical Care
Yamashita, A.C.;Tomisawa, N. (Kanagawa)
Anticoagulation in Acute Blood Purification for Acute Renal Failure in Critical Care
Shinoda, T. (Tokyo)
Equipment and Monitoring in Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy
Yamashita, Y.; Tsukamoto, I.; Kanno, Y.; Suzuki, H. (Saitama)
Cytokine Adsorbing Columns
Taniguchi, T. (Kanazawa)
Plasma Dia-Filtration for Severe Sepsis
Eguchi, Y. (Otsu City)
Application of Polymyxin B Convalently Immobilized Fiber in Patients with Septic Shock
Suzuki, H. (Saitama); Shoji, H. (Tokyo)
Special Considerations in Continuous Hemodiafiltration with Critically III Pediatric Patients
Shiga, H.; Kikuchi, Y. (Ichihara); Hattori, N.; Hirasawa, H. (Chiba)
Controversies in Blood Purification in Critical Care
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Selection of Modality in Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy
Kanno, Y.; Suzuki, H. (Saitama)
Online CHDF System: Excellent Cost-Effectiveness for Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy with High Efficacy and Individualization
Takatori, M.;Yamaoka, M.; Nogami, S.; Ojima, K.; Masuda, T.;Takeuchi, S.;Tada, K. (Hiroshima)
New Technology
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'Super High-Flux' or 'High Cut-Off' Hemofiltration and Hemodialysis
Naka, T. (Wakayama); Haase, M. (Berlin); Bellomo, R. (Melbourne)
Author Index
Subject Index
 
Preface
Recently, it has become well known that the kidney plays the vital role of water-electrolyte regulation in critically ill patients. Various cytokines are involved in the pathophysiological process of acute organ damage and subsequently multiple organ failure. These overwhelming cytokines are not eliminated even with the kidneys functioning at their maximum capacity.
To prevent these catastrophic events, an innovative concept of acute blood purification has been developed in Japan. However, few physicians working in the field of critical care medicine in the world understand and apply this approach and technology to patients suffering from severe organ damage. This book describes the present status of acute blood purification in Japan. It is hoped that readers will come to understand the concept of elimination of cytokines in patients with septic shock in which cytokine storms produce serious organ damage, and the application of the technology of hemodiafiltration for elimination of cytokines. After considering the concept and technology, we will discuss how to construct the system of acute blood purification which includes various machines, devices, membranes, fluids and so on. In addition to these special aspects of acute blood purification, as the tool for the standard care of many critically ill patients with severe acute kidney injury, the role of continuous renal replacement therapy is discussed by leading experts in this field.
We thank all of the authors for their efforts to convey their knowledge in a concise but complete text, and to Karger Publishers for the efficient publication of the present volume.
H. Hirasawa , Chiba H. Suzuki , Saitama
Suzuki H, Hirasawa H (eds): Acute Blood Purification. Contrib Nephrol. Basel, Karger, 2010, vol 166, pp 1–3
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Introduction
Claudio Ronco
Department of Nephrology, San Bortolo Hospital, International Renal Research Institute, Vicenza, Italy
For many years, the term ‘blood purification’ has been used to indicate renal replacement therapy directed at chronic patients with end-stage kidney disease. The level of application and understanding of extracorporeal therapies for renal replacement and support have however been expanded in recent years, and today a new area of clinical application and research is the use of blood purification techniques in the critically ill. This evolution has required an expansion of the multidisciplinary approach to critical care and nephrology, resulting in a brand new speciality called ‘critical care nephrology’ [ 1 ]. At the same time, the multiple applications