Adverse Cutaneous Drug Eruptions

Description

The skin is one of the most frequently involved organs in adverse drug reactions. Occurring with an incidence of 1-5% for certain types of drugs, cutaneous drug eruptions are mostly benign in nature, and comprise the maculopapular type of eruption and urticaria. However, about one third of them require hospital treatment, leading to a considerable burden for the health care system.In this book, a selected group of experts provide an up-to-date, condensed and clinically relevant overview of the field of cutaneous drug eruptions, ranging from epidemiology and genetic predisposition to available therapeutic measures, including rapid drug desensitization. Reflecting the great progress made in recent years in this field, this publication will be a useful tool for a better understanding, diagnosis and management of cutaneous drug eruptions, not only for general physicians, dermatologists and clinical allergologists, but also for nurses and scientists.

Informations

• Publié par: S. Karger AG
• Date de parution: 07 mai 2012
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9783805599719
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 1 Mo

Extrait

Adverse Cutaneous Drug Eruptions
Chemical Immunology and Allergy
Vol.97
Series Editors
Johannes Ring     Munich
Kurt Blaser     Davos
Monique Capron     Lille
Judah A. Denburg     Hamilton
Stephen T. Holgate     Southampton
Gianni Marone     Naples
Hirohisa Saito     Tokyo
 
Adverse Cutaneous Drug Eruptions
Volume Editor
Lars E. French     Zurich
43 figures, 30 in color, and 34 tables, 2012
Chemical Immunology and Allergy
Formerly published as ‘Progress in Allergy’ (Founded 1939), continued 1990-2002 as ‘Chemical Immunology’ Edited by Paul Kallós 1939-1988, Byron H. Waksman 1962-2002
_____________________
Prof. Dr. med. Lars E. French Department of Dermatology Zurich University Hospital Gloriastr 31 CH-8091 Zurich (Switzerland) E-Mail [e-mail]
Bibliographic Indices. This publication is listed in bibliographic services, including Current Contents® and PubMed/MEDLINE.
Disclaimer. The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publisher and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements in the book is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.
Drug Dosage. The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any change in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.
© Copyright 2012 by S. Karger AG, P.O. Box, CH-4009 Basel (Switzerland)
www.karger.com
Printed in Germany on acid-free and non-aging paper (ISO 9706) by Kraft Druck GmbH, Ettlingen
ISSN 1660-2242
e-ISSN 1662-2898
ISBN 978-3-8055-9970-2
e-ISBN 978-3-8055-9971-9
 
Contents
Preface
French, L.E. (Zurich)
Epidemiology of Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reactions
Mockenhaupt, M. (Freiburg)
Abstract
Essentials in a Nutshell
Introduction
Clinical Pattern of Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reactions
Non-Life-Threatening Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reactions
Life-Threatening Cutaneous ADR
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis
Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms
Epidemiologic Studies on Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reactions
Epidemiologic Studies on Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reaction
Incidence and Demographic Data
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis
Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms
Etiology of Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reactions
Etiology and Medication Risk of Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reaction
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis
Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms
Genetic Epidemiology on Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reactions
References
Genetics and the Potential for Predictive Tests in Adverse Drug Reactions
Pirmohamed, M. (Liverpool)
Abstract
Essentials in a Nutshell
Introduction
Investigation into the Genetics of Cutaneous Drug Eruption
Genetic Predisposing Factors for Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reactions
Abacavir Hypersensitivity and HLA-B**5701
Carbamazepine-Induced Hypersensitivity Reactions
Allopurinol-Induced Serious Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reactions
Predisposition to Drug-Induced Blistering Disease
Conclusions and Future Perspectives
Acknowledgements
References
Etiology and Pathogenesis of Adverse Drug Reactions
Hausmann, O.; Schnyder, B.; Pichler.W.J. (Bern)
Abstract
Essentials in a Nutshell
Introduction
Pathogenesis
Type A Reactions
Type B Reactions
Defective or Absent Enzymes
Nonspecific Cytokine Dysbalance
Nonspecific Dysbalance of Inflammatory Mediators
Nonspecific Mast Cell Degranulation
Specific Immune Reactions (True Allergies)
Sensitization
IgE-Mediated Allergic Reactions
IgG-Mediated Cytotoxicity (Type II)
Immune Complex Deposition (Type III)
T Cell-Mediated, Delayed Drug Hypersensitivity Reactions (Type IV)
Contact Dermatitis
Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity Reactions in the Skin after Systemic Drug Administration
Cross-Reactivity
Flare-Up Reactions
Genetic Factors
Conclusion
References
Diagnostic Approach to Drug Allergy
Harr, T. (Zurich)
Abstract
Essentials in a Nutshell
Introduction
Diagnostic Approach for Selected Types of Adverse Cutaneous Drug Reactions
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (Lyell Syndrome)
Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis
Fixed Drug Eruption
Diagnostic Approach in Hypersensitivity Reactions to Selected Substances
Excipients and Stabilizers
Iodine-Containing Preparations
Antineoplastic Drugs
Neuromuscular Blocking Agents
Betalactams
Biologicals
References
Histopathological Patterns Indicative of Distinct Adverse Drug Reactions
Kerl, K. (Zurich)
Abstract
Essentials in a Nutshell
Drug Reactions with Superficial and Deep Dermal Infiltrates
Maculopapular Drug Reaction
Urticarial Drug Reaction
Lymphomatoid (Pseudolymphomatous) Drug Reaction
Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms
Photoallergic Reactions
Drug-Induced Lupus Erythematosus
Drug Reactions with Predominant Cytotoxic Epidermal Changes
Erythema Multiforme/Fixed Drug Eruption
Stevens-Johnson/Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
Phototoxic Reactions
Chemotherapy-Induced Cytotoxic Reactions: Epidermal Dysmaturation and Acral Erythema
Radiation Recall Dermatitis
Lichenoid Pattern - Lichen Planus-Like Reactions
Spongiotic Pattern
Pityriasis rosea-Like Drug Eruption
Baboon Syndrome
Granulomatous Pattern
Interstitial Granulomatous Drug Eruption
Vasculitic Pattern
Hypersensitivity vasculitis
Psoriasiform Pattern
Psoriasis Induced by Drugs
Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis
Neutrophilic Drug Reactions
Neutrophilic Eccrine Hidradenitis
Halogenodermas
Vesiculobullous Drug Reactions
Linear IgA Dermatosis-Like Drug Reaction
Drug-Induced Pemphigus
Drug-Induced Bullous Pemphigoid
Drug-Induced Pseudoporphyria Cutanea Tarda
Panniculitis Induced by Drugs
Folliculitis
Acneiform Drug Eruptions
Drug-Induced Eosinophilic Pustular Dermatosis
Sclerodermoid Drug Reactions
References
Uncomplicated Drug-Induced Disseminated Exanthemas
Bircher, A.J. (Basel)
Abstract
Essentials in a Nutshell
Introduction
Morphology
Localization, Distribution, and Evolution
Chronology
Etiology
Pathophysiology
Special Manifestations of Benign or Uncomplicated Drug Exanthemas
Symmetrical Drug-Related Intertriginous and Flexural Exanthema
Pityriasiform Exanthemas
Psoriasiform Exanthemas
Erythroderma
Lichenoid and Pseudolymphomatous Forms
Interstitial Granulomatous Drug Reaction
Erythema Nodosum
Acute Febrile Neutrophilic Dermatosis (Sweet’s Syndrome)
Differential Diagnosis
Diagnostic Procedures
Therapeutic Options
References
Drug-Induced Angioedema
Lerch, M. (Winterthur)
Abstract
Essentials in a Nutshell
Introduction
Types of Angioedema
Drug-Induced Angioedema
Diagnostics and Treatment
Conclusions
References
Fixed Drug Eruption: The Dark Side of Activation of Intraepidermal CD8+T Cells Uniquely Specialized to Mediate Protective Immunity
Shiohara, T.; Mizukawa, Y. (Tokyo)
Abstract
Essentials in a Nutshell
Introduction
Clinical Manifestations of Fixed Drug Eruption
Unusual Forms of Fixed Drug Eruption
Histology of Fixed Drug Eruption
Diagnosis of Fixed Drug Eruption
Clinically Relevant Issues of Disease Pathogenesis
Conclusion
Acknowledgement
References
Drug-Induced Hypersensitivity Syndrome: Recent Advances in the Diagnosis, Pathogenesis and Management
Shiohara, T.; Kano, Y.; Takahashi, R.; Ishida, T.; Mizukawa, Y. (Tokyo)
Abstract
Essentials in a Nutshell
Introduction
Epidemiology