Endocrine Immunology

Description

In the last decades, several in vitro and in vivo studies have revealed the existence of a very complex network between the neuroendocrine and immune system. Important molecular mechanisms underlying these interactions, in both physiological and pathological conditions, have also been described. Indeed, hormones play a pivotal role in the development and functional regulation of the immune system – both innate and acquired responses. Immune system cells present specific hormone receptors and themselves produce some hormones, thus influencing hormone secretion. More recently, the modulation of hormone secretion has been attempted for treating associated autoimmune disorders, further supporting the strong interplay between the endocrine and immune system. Distinguished experts, who have published extensively in their fields, have contributed comprehensive chapters to this volume. The focus is on the various aspects of endocrine-neuro-immune connections, providing an updated panorama - from basics to clinical applications - of current knowledge and still debated issues.

Informations

• Publié par: S. Karger AG
• Date de parution: 28 février 2017
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9783318060140
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 1 Mo

Extrait

Endocrine Immunology
Frontiers of Hormone Research
Vol. 48
Series Editor
Ezio Ghigo Turin
Co-Editor
Federica Guaraldi Turin
Endocrine Immunology
Volume Editors
Wilson Savino Rio de Janeiro
Federica Guaraldi Turin
19 figures, 12 in color, and 11 tables, 2017
Frontiers of Hormone Research Founded 1972 by Tj.B. van Wimersma Greidanus, Utrecht Continued by Ashley B. Grossman, Oxford (1996-2013)
_______________________ Wilson Savino, PhD Laboratory on Thymus Research National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation (INCT-NIM) Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation Rio de Janeiro (Brazil)
_______________________ Federica Guaraldi, MD, PhD Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Department of Medical Sciences University of Turin Turin (Italy)
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Savino, W. (Wilson), editor. | Guaraldi, Federica, editor.
Title: Endocrine immunology / volume editors, Wilson Savino, Federica Guaraldi.
Other titles: Frontiers of hormone research ; v. 48. 0301-3073
Description: Basel ; New York: Karger, [2017] | Series: Frontiers of hormone research, ISSN 0301-3073 ; vol. 48 | Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2016056359| ISBN 9783318060133 (hard cover: alk. paper) | ISBN 9783318060140 (electronic version)
Subjects: | MESH: Endocrine System--immunology | Endocrine System--physiology | Immunomodulation--immunology | Hormones--immunology | Autoimmunity--immunology
Classification: LCC RC649 | NLM WK 100 | DDC 616.4/071--dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2016056359

Bibliographic Indices. This publication is listed in bibliographic services, including Current Contents ® and PubMed/MEDLINE.
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© Copyright 2017 by S. Karger AG, P.O. Box, CH-4009 Basel (Switzerland)
www.karger.com
Printed on acid-free and non-aging paper (ISO 9706)
ISSN 0301-3073
e-ISSN 1662-3762
ISBN 978-3-318-06013-3
e-ISBN 978-3-318-06014-0
Contents
Preface
Savino, W. (Rio de Janeiro); Guaraldi, F.; Ghigo, E. (Turin)
Immune-Neuro-Endocrine Reflexes, Circuits, and Networks: Physiologic and Evolutionary Implications
del Rey, A.; Besedovsky, H.O. (Marburg)
Inflammation and Thymus Ageing
Lepletier, A. (Melbourne/Brisbane); Alsharif, A.; Chidgey, A.P. (Melbourne)
Intrahypophyseal Immune-Endocrine Interactions: Endocrine Integration of the Inflammatory Inputs
Renner, U. (Munich); Sapochnik, M. (Buenos Aires); Lucia, K.; Stalla, G.K. (Munich); Arzt, E. (Buenos Aires)
Pituitary Autoimmunity
Guaraldi, F.; Giordano, R.; Grottoli, S.; Ghizzoni, L.; Arvat, E.; Ghigo, E. (Turin)
Prolactin: An Immunomodulator in Health and Disease
Savino, W. (Rio de Janeiro)
A Novel Clinical Entity of Autoimmune Endocrinopathy: Anti-PIT-1 Antibody Syndrome
Iguchi, G.; Bando, H.; Takahashi, Y. (Kobe)
Leptin, Neuroinflammation and Obesity
Dragano, N.R.V.; Haddad-Tovolli, R.; Velloso, L.A. (Campinas)
Thyroid Autoimmunity and Cancer
Felicetti, F.; Catalano, M.G.; Fortunati, N. (Turin)
Role of Cortistatin in the Stressed Immune System
Delgado, M.; Gonzalez-Rey, E. (Granada)
Steroids and Autoimmunity
Trombetta, A.C.; Meroni, M.; Cutolo, M. (Genova)
Endocrine Autoimmunity in Down's Syndrome
Guaraldi, F.; Rossetto Giaccherino, R.; Lanfranco, F.; Motta, G. (Turin); Gori, D. (Bologna); Arvat, E.; Ghigo, E.; Giordano, R. (Turin)
The Somatotrope Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone/Growth Hormone/ Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Axis in Immunoregulation and Immunosenescence
Bodart, G.; Farhat, K.; Charlet-Renard, C. (Liege-Sart Tilman); Salvatori, R. (Baltimore, Md.); Geenen, V.; Martens, H. (Liege-Sart Tilman)
Endocrine Immunology of Chagas Disease
Savino, W. (Rio de Janeiro)
Author Index
Subject Index
Preface
In the last decades, in vivo and in vitro studies have demonstrated the existence of a complex and bidirectional network between the immune, nervous and endocrine systems. Thymus, brain, and the hypothalamic-pituitary system play a pivotal role in the processing, modulation, integration, and regulation of immune (both innate and acquired systems)-neuro-endocrine responses, which, in turn, influence immune tolerance, course of transmissible infections, inflammatory and neoplastic diseases. More recently, dopamine agonists (D2) have been demonstrated to be efficacious in the treatment of some systemic autoimmune diseases associated with hyperprolactinemia, thus highlighting the importance of hormones in the regulation of the immune system function, in both health and disease.
This volume provides an authoritative and comprehensive update on the genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying the physiological interplay between neuro-endocrine and immune systems, and some illustrative examples of altered immune function associated with infectious and neoplastic diseases. Therefore, it is primarily addressed to clinicians and basic scientists working in the field of endocrinology and immunology, but could be also useful for internists and general practitioners.
We are very grateful to the authors for their dedication and expert contribution, and to Rebecca Ganz and Thomas Nold at Karger Publishing for their valuable assistance at all stages of the volume conception and production.

Wilson Savino, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Volume Editor
Federica Guaraldi, Turin, Italy
Volume Editor and Series Co-Editor
Ezio Ghigo, Turin, Italy
Series Editor
Savino W, Guaraldi F (eds): Endocrine Immunology. Front Horm Res. Basel, Karger, 2017, vol 48, pp 1-18 (DOI: 10.1159/000452902)
______________________
Immune-Neuro-Endocrine Reflexes, Circuits, and Networks: Physiologic and Evolutionary Implications
Adriana del Rey Hugo O. Besedovsky
Research Group Immunophysiology, Division of Neurophysiology, Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Marburg, Germany
______________________
Abstract
The existence of a network of interactions between the immune and nervous systems that influences host defenses and brain functions is now well-established. Here we discuss how immune and classical neuro/sensorial signals are processed in the brain and how neuro-endocrine immunoregulatory and behavioral responses are integrated. Considering the ability of brain cells to produce cytokines, originally described as immune cell products, we propose that the tripartite synapse plays a central role in the integration of neuro-endocrine-immune interactions. We also propose that the immune-neuro-endocrine responses that influence the course of transmissible and other diseases predisposing to infections can be relevant for evolution, either by restoring health or by mediating an active process of negative selection.
© 2017 S. Karger AG, Basel
Introduction: On Reflexes, Circuits, and Networks
Multicellular organisms subsist and adapt because of their ability to receive and respond to intrinsic and extrinsic signals. Sensory cells and organs convey information to the central nervous system (CNS), which is essential for the integration and coordination of physiologic responses. This peripheral-central reciprocal exchange of information is particularly relevant when it concerns the functioning of the immune system, which links the external environment and internal cellular and molecular components. In recent times, the expression ‘immune reflex’ is being commonly used to refer to a neuroendocrine response triggered by an immune stimulus. However, in physiologic terms, a reflex is generally linked to an acute event. For example, the classic patellar reflex, induced by striking the patellar ligament, is a monosynaptic reflex that tests the integrity of motor spinal neurons as a component of the complex network of synaptic connections that underlie motility and body stability. The acute neuroendocrine response triggered, for example, by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) cannot be simply considered a reflex, but rather an indication of a complex network of interactions that is activated during immune processes. Ind