Heart Failure E-Book

Douglas L. Mann, G. Michael Felker

Description

Lead editor of Braunwald's Heart Disease, Dr. Douglas L. Mann, and nationally and internationally recognized heart failure expert Dr. G. Michael Felker, bring you the latest, definitive state-of-the art information on heart failure in this outstanding Braunwald's companion volume. Heart Failure, 3rd Edition keeps you current with recent developments in the field, improved patient management strategies, and new drug therapies and implantable devices that will make a difference in your patients' lives and your practice.

Informations

• Publié par: Saunders
• Date de parution: 18 décembre 2014
• Nombre de lectures: 2
• EAN13: 9780323315685
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 7 Mo

Extrait

Heart Failure
A Companion to Braunwald's Heart Disease
Third Edition
Douglas L. Mann MD
Lewin Chair and Professor of Medicine, Cell Biology, and Physiology, Chief, Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine, Cardiologist-in-Chief, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, Missouri
G. Michael Felker MD, MHS
Professor of Medicine, Chief, Heart Failure Section, Division of Cardiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
Table of Contents
Cover image
Title page
Copyright
Dedication
Contributors
Foreword
Preface
Acknowledgments
Look for these other titles in the Braunwald's Heart Disease Family
Section I Basic Mechanisms of Heart Failure
1 Molecular Basis for Heart Failure
Investigative Techniques and Molecular Modeling
Molecular Determinants of Physiological Cardiac Growth, Hypertrophy, and Atrophy
Molecular Determinants of Pathological Hypertrophy
Cascades That Transduce Hypertrophic Signaling
Future Directions
References
2 Cellular Basis for Heart Failure
Contractile Dysfunction
Global Mechanisms Affecting Cardiomyocyte Function in Heart Failure
Cardiomyocyte Interactions with Other Cell Types
MicroRNA-Dependent Pathways
Conclusions and Future Directions
References
3 Cellular Basis for Myocardial Regeneration and Repair
Overview
Is the Heart a Terminally Differentiated Postmitotic Organ?
Cardiac Stem Cells
Conclusion and Future Directions
References
4 Myocardial Basis for Heart Failure: Role of Cardiac Interstitium
Myocardial ECM Structure and Composition
The Myocardial Fibroblast
Myocardial ECM Proteolytic Degradation: the Matrix Metalloproteinases
HFrEF and ECM Remodeling-Myocardial Infarction (see also Chapters 11 and 18)
HFrEF and ECM Remodeling-Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Myocardial ECM Remodeling in Heart Failure-Diagnostic Potential
Future Directions
Summary
References
Section II Mechanisms of Disease Progression in Heart Failure
5 Molecular Signaling Mechanisms of the Renin-Angiotensin System in Heart Failure
The Renin-Angiotensin System
The Systemic Renin-Angiotensin System
The Local Renin-Angiotensin System
Novel Aspects of the Renin-Angiotensin System
Angiotensin II-Mediated Signaling Pathways in Heart Failure
Summary and Future Directions
References
6 Adrenergic Receptor Signaling in Heart Failure
Role of Increased Adrenergic Drive in the Natural History of Heart Failure
Adrenergic Receptor Pharmacology
Altered -Adrenergic Receptor Signal Transduction in the Failing Heart
Molecular Basis of -Adrenergic Receptor Signaling
Regulation of -Adrenergic Receptor Gene Expression
Myopathic Potential of Individual Components of Adrenergic Receptor Pathways
Adrenergic Receptor Polymorphisms and their Importance in Heart Failure Natural History or Therapeutics
Noncatecholamine Ligands that Activate Myocardial -Adrenergic Receptors, and their Role in Producing Dilated Cardiomyopathies
Summary and Future Directions
References
7 Role of Innate Immunity in Heart Failure
Overview of Innate Immunity
Expression and Regulation of Toll-Like Receptors in the Heart
Proinflammatory Cytokines
Rationale for Studying Innate Immunity in Heart Failure
Conclusion and Future Directions
References
8 Oxidative Stress in Heart Failure
Reactive Oxygen Species and Antioxidant Systems (Figure 8-1)
Markers of Oxidative Stress in Human Heart Failure
Mechanisms of Increased Oxidative Stress in Heart Failure (Figure 8-2)
Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Therapy in Animal Models of Heart Failure
Mechanisms of ROS-Mediated Left Ventricular Remodeling and Heart Failure (Figure 8-3)
Summary and Future Directions
References
9 Alterations in Ventricular Function in Systolic Heart Failure
Cellular and Molecular Determinants: a View From 30,000 Feet
Measuring Systolic Function-Pressure-Volume Relations
Beat-to-Beat Regulation of Systolic Function
Integrative Measures of Systolic Function
Impact of Pericardial Loading on Systolic Function
Ventricular-Arterial Interaction
Treating Systolic Dysfunction
Systolic Effects of Dyssynchrony and Resynchronization (see also Chapter 35)
Summary
References
10 Alterations in Ventricular Function: Diastolic Heart Failure
Epidemiology
Diastolic Dysfunction Versus Diastolic Heart Failure
Systolic Versus Diastolic Heart Failure
Diagnosis of Heart Failure with a Preserved Ejection Fraction
Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction in HFpEF
Cyclic GMP-Dependent Signaling in Cardiomyocytes
Importance of Comorbidities in Heart Failure with a Preserved Ejection Fraction
Summary and Future Directions
References
11 Alterations in Ventricular Structure: Role of Left Ventricular Remodeling and Reverse Remodeling in Heart Failure
Left Ventricular Remodeling
Reverse Left Ventricular Remodeling
Myocardial Recovery
Summary and Future Directions
References
12 Alterations in the Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Nervous Systems in Heart Failure
Assessment of Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Nervous System Activity in Humans
Sympathetic Activation and Parasympathetic Withdrawal in Human Heart Failure (see also Chapters 6, 9 and 34)
Clinical Consequences of Autonomic Imbalance
Mechanisms of Autonomic Imbalance
Therapeutic Implications
Summary and Future Directions
References
13 Alterations in the Peripheral Circulation in Heart Failure
Pathophysiologic Insights
Endothelial Dysfunction and Clinical Outcomes in Heart Failure
Prothrombotic Transformation of the Endothelium in Heart Failure
Treatment of Endothelial Dysfunction in Heart Failure
Genetic Predisposition to Endothelial Dysfunction in Heart Failure
Endothelial Progenitors and Angiogenic Factors in Heart Failure
Conclusions and Future Directions
References
14 Alterations in Kidney Function Associated with Heart Failure
Renal Regulation of Salt and Water Homeostasis
Epidemiology and Impact of Kidney Disease in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology of Renal Dysfunction in Heart Failure
Renal Sympathetic Innervation
Central Venous Pressure as a Determinant of Renal Function
Impact of Neurohormonal Activation on Renal Function
Summary and Future Directions
References
15 Alterations in Skeletal Muscle in Heart Failure
Skeletal Muscle Adaptations in Heart Failure
Skeletal Muscle Atrophy
Skeletal Muscle Contractile Dysfunction
Decreased Oxidative Capacity and Metabolism
Effectors of Skeletal Muscle Adaptations
Contribution of Skeletal Muscle Adaptations to Symptomology
Summary and Future Directions
References
16 Alterations in Cardiac Metabolism
Perspectives
Methods for Detecting Defective Substrate Metabolism in the Failing Heart
Metabolic Remodeling of the Human Heart in Nonischemic Heart Failure
Metabolic Remodeling of the Human Heart Under Conditions That Lead to Secondary Heart Failure
Crosstalk of Metabolism with Cytokine Signaling Pathways and Innate Immunity
Metabolic Effects of Standard Heart Failure Therapies
Metabolism as a Target for Pharmacologic Intervention in Heart Failure
Summary and Future Directions
References
Section III Etiological Basis for Heart Failure
17 Epidemiology of Heart Failure
Prevalence
Incidence
Hospitalized Heart Failure (see also Chapter 33)
Heart Failure with Preserved Versus Reduced Ejection Fraction
Outcomes
References
18 Heart Failure as a Consequence of Ischemic Heart Disease
Prevalence of Coronary Artery Disease in Heart Failure
Prognostic Significance of Coronary Artery Disease in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology of Acute Heart Failure in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease
Pathophysiology of Chronic Heart Failure in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease and Reduced Ejection Fraction
Coronary Artery Disease and Diastolic Heart Failure (see also Chapter 36)
Diabetes, Heart Failure, and Coronary Artery Disease (see also Chapter 45)
Conclusions
References
19 Heart Failure as a Consequence of Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Definition
Epidemiology of Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Natural History of Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Pathophysiology
Myocardial Diseases Presenting as Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Inflammation-Induced Cardiomyopathy
Endocrine and Metabolic Causes of Cardiomyopathy (see also Chapter 16)
Nutritional Causes of Cardiomyopathy
Hematologic Causes of Cardiomyopathy
Hemodynamic and Stress-Induced Cardiomyopathy
Summary and Future Directions
References
20 The Restrictive and Infiltrative Cardiomyopathies and Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/Cardiomyopathy
Restrictive and Infiltrative Cardiomyopathy
Amyloidosis
Inherited and Acquired Infiltrative Disorders Causing Restrictive Cardiomyopathy
Neoplastic Infiltrative Cardiomyopathy-Carcinoid Heart Disease
Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/Cardiomyopathy
Summary and Future Perspectives
References
21 Heart Failure as a Consequence of Hypertrophic C