Intellectual Disability and Social Inclusion

Martin Richard Bollard

Description

This book provides a unique insight into the challenges faced by people with learning disabilities trying to access mainstream health and social services and by the professionals who are trying to provide them. The combination of professional perspectives and viewpoints of people with learning disabilities themselves creates an authoritative explanation of why this group of people face the barriers they do. The contributors critique these barriers and also offer potential solutions to overcoming them.

• Personal reflections written by people with learning disablities on their experiences of accessing health and social care services
• Comprehensive coverage of policy in the four UK countries
• Comprehensive analysis by subject experts of practice in a range of areas, from acute health care through mental health to leisure and housing provision
• Accessible summaries at the end of each chapter including text for people with learning disablities

Sujets

• Psychiatric
• Mental Health
• Medical
• Médecine
• Nursing

Informations

• Publié par: Churchill Livingstone
• Date de parution: 27 janvier 2009
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9780702037856
• Langue: English

Extrait

Table of Contents

Cover image
Front matter
Copyright
Foreword
Preface
Contributors
Chapter 1. One story
Chapter 2. A review and critique
Chapter 3. The legacy of ‘Valuing People’ in England
Chapter 4. Policy in Scotland
Chapter 5. Will ‘Equal Lives’ be achieved in Northern Ireland?
Chapter 6. Intellectual disabilities with mental health problems
Chapter 7. Let's be patient
Chapter 8. Primary care and intellectual disability
Chapter 9. Looks like leisure?
Chapter 10. Getting into employment
Chapter 11. Accessing further education
Chapter 12. Getting equal housing
Chapter 13. Ethnicity and intellectual disability
Chapter 14. Service users' involvement in higher education
Chapter 15. Communication
Index
Front matter
Intellectual Disability and Social Inclusion
For Elsevier:
Commissioning Editor: Steven Black, Mairi McCubbin
Development Editor: Sally Davies
Project Manager: Kerrie-Anne McKinlay
Designer: Erik Bigland
Illustration Manager: Gillian Richards
Illustrator: H.L. Studios

Intellectual disability and social inclusion

A Critical review
Edited by
Martin Bollard BSc(Hons) MA PGDip Ed RNLD
Senior Lecturer, Department of Social and Community Studies
Coventry University, Coventry, UK

EDINBURGH LONDON NEW YORK OXFORD PHILADELPHIA ST LOUIS SYDNEY TORONTO 2009
Copyright

© 2009, Elsevier Limited. All rights reserved.
No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier's Rights Department: phone: [phone] (US) or ([phone] (UK); fax: [phone]; e-mail: [e-mail]. You may also complete your request online via the Elsevierwebsite at http://www.elsevier.com/permissions .
First published 2009
ISBN 978 0 443 10418 3
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress

Notice

Neither the Publisher nor the Editor assume any responsibility for any loss or injury and/or damage to persons or property arising out of or related to any use of the material contained in this book. It is the responsibility of the treating practitioner, relying on independent expertise and knowledge of the patient, to determine the best treatment and method of application for the patient.
The Publisher



Printed in China
Foreword
At the time of writing we are still waiting for the response of the Secretary of State for Health to the Michael Report. The report, which was published in the summer of 2008 highlighted the discrimination that people with intellectual disabilities suffer from mainstream health services. Whilst the report congratulated practitioners on some good examples of care, the general picture that was portrayed was extremely gloomy. The statistics painted an appalling picture of poor health and early death for many people with learning disabilities. The report gives examples of people with learning disabilities and carers not being listened to; people deemed unable to consent therefore being denied treatment; and diagnostic overshadowing in which symptoms that should be treated are seen as part of an individual's intellectual disability.
If this was the first inquiry of its kind then it would be bad enough. However it is merely the latest of a long line of reports that have drawn attention to discrimination against people with intellectual disabilities. People with long memories will remember the Ely Report that was published in 1969. The Ely inquiry investigated reports first printed in the News of the World and alleging abuse in a long stay hospital near Cardiff ( HMSO, 1969 ). The report was the first in a long series of investigations that provided shocking material to a public that was largely ignorant of the conditions in long stay hospitals. The positive outcome was the gradual closure of the large long stay hospitals and the provision of community facilities to replace them. In many respects this heralded a new beginning for people with intellectual disabilities and the services set up for them. However, several reports indicate that there is still a long way to go. Recent examples such as the Cornwall investigation ( Healthcare Commission, 2006 ), the Sutton and Merton investigation ( Healthcare commission, 2007 ), Mencap's Death by Indifference ( Mencap, 2007 ) and the Disability Rights report ( DRC, 2006 ) show that health services are still routinely depriving people with intellectual disabilities of good healthcare.
It seems that even when presented with the evidence that people's needs are not being met, the health service still finds it difficult to provide good care for people who have intellectual disabilities. Moreover it is likely that problems are not restricted to people with intellectual disabilities but to a range of those who do not fit the picture of a normal patient and therefore need extra time, more patience or a more imaginative means of communication. Health services need to change and adapt so that the best standards clearly evident in some places become the norm rather than the exception.
Whilst the health service needs to change, there are also changes with specialist learning disability services most of which are now organised through social care. Government policy for England has recently been formally refreshed and people with learning disabilities, their families and people working in services are trying to predict the impact of current and future trends. It seems that the settlement that was made at the time of hospital closure is now coming to end. That settlement included relatively well funded services supporting people living in shared housing. The evolving criteria assessments for fair access to care services, personalisation, individual budgets and the rhetoric of social inclusion have taken over in importance from concepts that those of us going through training in the eighties took for granted for so long: resettlement, normalisation and social role valorisation.
This book, for which I was delighted to be asked to write a forward, reflects this change and moves the debate on. As such it provides a thought provoking review. The editor has brought together a range of people who all have something significant to say about current services. Fittingly the book begins with a voice of someone with intellectual disabilities and then goes on to look at key aspects of current policy in different parts of the UK. The experience of people with learning disabilities in a changing world run throughout the book and this provides the overarching narrative.
I wish this book every success in promoting critical thinking about policy and practice in services for people with intellectual disabilities
Professor Duncan Mitchell

Manchester Metropolitan University and Manchester Learning Disability Partnership.

Bibliography

DRC , Equal Treatment: Closing the Gap . ( 2006 ) Disability Rights Commission , London .
Healthcare commission , Joint Investigation Into Services for People with Learning Disabilities at Cornwall Partnership NHS Trust . ( 2006 ) Healthcare Commission , London .
Healthcare Commission , Investigation into the Service for People with Learning Disability provided by the Sutton and Merton Primary Care Trust . ( 2007 ) Healthcare Commission , London .
HMSO , Report of the Committee of Inquiry into Allegations of Ill Treatment of Patients and Other Irregularities at Ely Hospital Cardiff (Cmnd 3975) . ( 1969 ) HMSO , London .
Mencap , Death by Indifference . ( 2007 ) Mencap , London .
Preface
Martin Bollard

Coventry, 2009
This book focuses on the experience of people with intellectual disabilities across a number of different topics and issues that affect their lives. Within each chapter, the user experience and viewpoint has been presented in different ways – from focus groups, case studies, personal histories, narratives and general consultations. This collective user experience is married with the writers' expertise in their subject area. Other textbooks have started to recognise the importance of including the user voice in this way. This book aims to add to that body of knowledge and acknowledges that, for too long, accounts by people with intellectual disabilities themselves have been suppressed.
It is hoped that this book will be of use to all individuals involved with people with intellectual disabilities, particularly health and social care students, health and social care professionals, commissioners and policy makers.
People with intellectual disabilities are amongst one of the most socially excluded groups within society. They are a heterogeneous group of people with a diverse range of abilities and difficulties, with the majority of individuals living at home with their parents. Given such diversity and difference amongst this group of people, historically our understanding of disability has gone through many changes with varying opinions today as to what does and does not constitute an intellectual disability.
Taking a brief historical overview, the Poor Laws in 1601 sought to offer assistance to those in poverty, often as a result of a severe winter or a poor harvest, and