Introduction to Neurogenic Communication Disorders

Malcolm R. Mcneil, Robert H. Brookshire

Description

Get the tools you need to evaluate, diagnose, and treat patients with neurogenic communication disorders! Introduction to Neurogenic Communication Disorders, 8th Edition provides a solid foundation in the neurology of communication, as well as the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, assessment, and management of commonly encountered neurogenic communication disorders in adults. A concise, evidence-based approach shows how to measure and treat abnormalities such as aphasia, dysarthria, right-hemisphere syndrome, and traumatic brain injury syndrome. This edition is updated with new coverage of laboratory tests, blast-related injuries to the head, and medications for dementia. Created by neurogenic communication disorders educator Robert H. Brookshire and continued by Malcolm R. McNeil, this bestselling text will enhance your skills in the rehabilitation of clients with neurogenic communication disorders.

• A clear, concise approach makes complex material easy to follow and understand.
• Clinical vignettes show how to apply principles to practice and illustrate how patients are evaluated and treated.
• Thought questions at the end of each chapter are based on realistic scenarios and challenge you to assess your understanding, think critically, and apply information to clinical situations. Suggested answers are included in the appendix.
• Clinically relevant sidebars include related facts, information, and tips for recall or therapy.
• More than 200 photographs and images include anatomic illustrations, scans using various brain imaging techniques, and examples of assessment tests.
• Evidence-based practice is reinforced by the use of scientific, evidence-based rationales to support the effectiveness of treatment approaches.
• Student-friendly features enhance learning with chapter outlines, critical thinking exercises, medical protocols, sample paperwork, patient transcripts, commonly used medical abbreviations, and a glossary with definitions of key vocabulary.
• General Concepts summary points highlight the most important material in each chapter.

• NEW content on closed-head injuries as a consequence of blast injury is included in the Traumatic Brain Injury chapter, addressing a pathophysiology often found in Iraq and Afghanistan war veterans. 
• UPDATED content includes new information on medications for treatment of persons with dementia, the latest laboratory tests for neurologic assessment, and the most current cognitive rehabilitation approaches. 
• NEW! More Thought questions in each chapter help you apply concepts to clinical situations.
• Additional content on evidence-based practice includes systematic reviews and meta-analyses relating to the efficacy and effectiveness of specific treatment approaches.
• Additional graphics, clinical photographs, and tables depict key information and concepts.

Sujets

• Médecine
• Spécialités médicales
• Speech Pathology
• Medical
• Audiology

Informations

• Publié par: Mosby
• Date de parution: 16 septembre 2014
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9780323290920
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 7 Mo

Extrait

Introduction to Neurogenic Communication Disorders
Eighth Edition
Robert H. Brookshire, PhD, CCC/SLP (deceased)
Professor Emeritus, Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
Adjunct Professor, Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona
Malcolm R. McNeil, PhD CCC-SLP; BC-NCD
Consulting Editor, Distinguished Service Professor and Chair, Department of Communication Science and Disorders, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Table of Contents
Cover image
Title page
Copyright
Dedication
Foreword
Preface
Acknowledgments
Chapter 1: Neuroanatomy of the Nervous System
Central Nervous System
Peripheral Nervous System
Central Nervous System Functional Anatomy
The Motor System
Thought Questions
Chapter 2: Neurologic Assessment
The Interview and Physical Examination
The Neurologic Examination
Laboratory Tests
Recording the Results of the Neurologic Examination
Thought Questions
Chapter 3: Assessing Adults Who Have Neurogenic Cognitive-Communicative Disorders
The Process of Assessment and Diagnosis
Sources of Information About the Patient
Interviewing the Patient
Testing the Patient
Efficacy and Effectiveness
Impairment, Disability, and Handicap
Thought Questions
Chapter 4: Assessing Cognition
Attention
Memory
Executive Function
Conclusions
Thought Questions
Chapter 5: Assessing Language
Screening Tests of Language
Comprehensive Language Tests
Auditory Comprehension
Reading
Speech Production
Written Expression
Language Pragmatics
Standardized Aphasia Tests
Thought Questions
Chapter 6: Assessing Functional Communication and Quality of Life
Functional Communication
Quality of Life
Thought Questions
Chapter 7: The Context for Treatment of Cognitive-Communicative Disorders
The Treatment Team
Candidacy for Treatment
How Clinicians Decide What to Treat
General Characteristics of Intervention
Adjusting Treatment to the Patient
Instructions and Feedback
Recording and Charting Patients’ Performance
Measuring the Effects of Treatment
Enhancing Generalization
Social Validation
Conclusion
Thought Questions
Chapter 8: Neuropathologic and Neuroanatomic Explanations of Aphasia and Related Disorders
Neuropathology
Neuoranatomic Explanations of Aphasia and Related Disorders
How the Brain Performs Language
Patterns of Language Impairment
Related Disorders
Apraxia
Agnosia
Limitations of Connectionist Explanations of Aphasia and Related Disorders
The Explanatory Power of Connectionist Models
Thought Questions
Chapter 9: Treatment of Aphasia and Related Disorders
Process-Oriented Treatment
Functional and Social Approaches to Intervention
Group Treatment for Aphasic Adults
Thought Questions
Chapter 10: Right-Hemisphere Syndrome
Historical Overview
Behavioral and Cognitive Symptoms of Right-Hemisphere Brain Injury
Communicative Impairments Associated with Right-Hemisphere Injury
Tests for Assessing Adults with Right-Hemisphere Brain Injury
Intervention
Thought Questions
Chapter 11: Traumatic Brain Injury
Incidence and Prevalence of traumatic Brain Injuries
Risk Factors
Pathophysiology of traumatic Brain Injury
Prognostic Indicators in traumatic Brain Injury
Behavioral and cognitive Recovery
Assessing Adults with traumatic Brain Injuries
Intervention
Group Treatment
Community Integration
Working with the Family
Thought Questions
Chapter 12: Dementia
Subcortical Dementia
Cortical Dementia
Mixed Dementia
Other Causes of Dementia
Occasional Causes of Dementia
Pseudodementia
Delirium and Dementia
Neurologic Conditions that May Produce Dementia-Like Signs
Identifying Dementia
Assessment of Persons with Dementia
Helping People Cope with Dementia
Management Issues
Intervention
Thought Questions
Chapter 13: Motor Speech Disorders
Apraxia of Speech
Testing for Apraxia of Speech
Intervention
Dysarthria
Evaluation
Intervention
Thought Questions
Appendix A: Standard Medical Abbreviations
Appendix B: Responses to Thought Questions
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Chapter 7
Chapter 8
Chapter 9
Chapter 10
Chapter 11
Chapter 12
Chapter 13
Glossary
Bibliography
Index
Copyright

3251 Riverport Lane
St. Louis, Missouri 63043
INTRODUCTION TO NEUROGENIC COMMUNICATION DISORDERS, EIGHTH EDITION
ISBN: 978-0-323-07867-2
Copyright © 2015 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
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This book and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the Publisher (other than as may be noted herein).

Notices
Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience broaden our understanding, changes in research methods, professional practices, or medical treatment may become necessary.
Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating and using any information, methods, compounds, or experiments described herein. In using such information or methods they should be mindful of their own safety and the safety of others, including parties for whom they have a professional responsibility.
With respect to any drug or pharmaceutical products identified, readers are advised to check the most current information provided (i) on procedures featured or (ii) by the manufacturer of each product to be administered, to verify the recommended dose or formula, the method and duration of administration, and contraindications. It is the responsibility of practitioners, relying on their own experience and knowledge of their patients, to make diagnoses, to determine dosages and the best treatment for each individual patient, and to take all appropriate safety precautions.
To the fullest extent of the law, neither the Publisher nor the authors, contributors, or editors, assume any liability for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions, or ideas contained in the material herein.
Previous editions copyrighted 2007, 2003, 1997, 1992
International Standard Book Number: 978-0-323-07867-2
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Printed in the United States
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Dedication
For Lisa
The autumn wind touches the mountain
The spring leaf falls to the earth
Foreword
Joseph R. Duffy, PhD, BC-ANCDS , Professor, Mayo College of Medicine, Member, Division & Section of Speech Pathology, Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
Speech, language, and the ability to communicate play enormous roles in our social, emotional, and intellectual lives. Communication is so much a part of who we are that the wonder of these skills seldom earns our conscious attention.
Having opened this book, it is likely that you have chosen to learn about what happens when, because of neurologic disease or injury, the ability to communicate is impaired. Such impairments are powerful. They can disable, handicap, and devastate. It is one of life’s useful ironies that our speech and language ability permits us to study the effects of their destruction and management and then share that knowledge with others. This shared enterprise should be conducted with a firm commitment to use what we learn from those whose problems we study responsibly and productively.
Dr. Brookshire had done much work toward the completion of this eighth edition of Introduction to Neurogenic Communication Disorders at the time of his death. With the Zen-like wisdom he so consistently displayed with friends and colleagues, he asked Dr. McNeil for editorial assistance to complete the work for him. We are fortunate indeed that Dr. McNeil embraced the task because he has ensured that the outcome is true to Dr. Brookshire’s perspectives and the substance and high standards readers have come to expect from any edition of “the Brookshire book.”
Don’t misinterpret the word Introduction in the title of this book. The contents herein, although only a beginning, represent more than a handshake. The text provides a solid foundation in the neurology of communication, as well as the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of the most frequently encountered neurologic communication disorders. Aspiring researchers will leave this book prepared to study the disorders in greater depth. Aspiring clinicians will leave it—and probably revisit it periodically—with a foundation for developing the skills necessary to help people whose lives are affected by the disorders.
Numerous textbooks about neurogenic communication disorders have come and gone. Some become extinct because of limited substance, some because they fail to communicate content effectively, and some because their content no longer reflects current knowledge or practice.
There is no doubt that the understanding and management of neurogenic communication disorders have changed in subtle to dramatic ways in recent years. When the first edition of this text was published, clinicians were “up