Making Sense of Medicine

Description

Medical knowledge manifests in materials, and materials are integral to the reproduction of medical knowledge. From the novice student to the expert practitioner, those who study and work in and around medicine rely on material guidance in their everyday practice and as they seek to further their craft.

Students, just as experts, pore over textbooks, photographs and films. They put up and copy down chalkboard illustrations, manipulate plastic models and inspect organic specimens fixed in formalin. They pass through grand university libraries and try not to contaminate anything in cramped surgical theatres. Students, just as experts, learn within an expansive material culture of medicine, they learn from explicitly educative materials, from the workaday tools used for diagnosis and in treatment, they learn in everyday spaces and as part of sprawling infrastructures. While the specific constellation of material varies across time and space, many materials have remained constant, key actors in the spread of medical practices and in the steady, global expansion of biomedical frameworks of health and disease. This collection focuses on the materials, objects, tools and technologies which facilitate the reproduction of medical knowledge and often reify understandings of medical science.

The training of doctors is changing rapidly in response to technological development as well to the evolving needs and expectations of patients. Medical schools are beginning to respond to these challenges through curricula redesign and the purchase or endorsement of new teaching aids, simulations and pedagogies. Often, this means that medical schools are embracing the digital at the expense of older teaching materials. Medical education is at a critical juncture and there is momentum to radically rethink its approaches.

This collection offers a reflection on these challenges by presenting an innovative and expansive overview of the role of materiality in the training of doctors and in the social reproduction of medicine in general. Experimental in form, and with ethnographic, museological and historical cases, and traces from around the world, this edited volume is the first to fully explore the matter of medical education in the modern world. Supported by the European Research Council under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme.

An academic text, it will be most relevant to academics and graduate students in the fields of health and material culture, but will also have a wider readership with those working on medical education and knowledge and medical history

Introduction: What Matters in Medical Education? – John Nott and Anna Harris



ARCHITECTURE / Designing a Discipline: Architecture for Pathology in the Interwar Period –  Annmarie Adams

ART / Objectivity, Art and Medical Images – Sally Wyatt



BALLOONS / Lessons from a Balloon – Christine den Harder and Anna Harris



CADAVERS / The Geography of the Dead and the Movement of the Living: Kinetic Consciousness and the Limits of the Cadaver – Rachel Prentice



CHALKBOARDS / Anatomy of the Chalkboard – Rachel Vaden Allison



CIGARETTE PAPERS / The Cigarette Paper, the Embroiderer, and the Gendered Craft of Vascular Surgery – Paul Craddock



CIRCULATION / Circulated Concepts, Images and Objects – Harro van Lente



DISSECTING ROOMS / ‘The Lady Anatomist’: Fragmented Bodies, Photographic Assemblage and the ‘Art’ of Dissection at Woman's Medical College of Pennsylvania, 1895–98 – Jessica M. Dandona



FILM / ‘See For Yourself’: Autopsy Film as Audio-Visual Mediation of Learning Experiences, c.1928–1962 – Christian Bonah and Joel Danet



FILM / ‘Now We Are Going to Look at a Piece of Film’: Projecting Medicine in Twentieth Century Medical Education – Angela Saward



GARDENS / Groundwork for Planetary Health: Reimagining Gardens in Medical Education – Stacey Langwick and Mary Mosha



GLOVES / The Context of Touch: Gloves and the Pelvic Exam – Kelly Underman



HANDBOOKS / Chinese Medical Illustrations and Communist Materialism, 1950-1966 – Lan Li



HEARTS / The Heart of the Simulated Matter: Interprofessional Training Practices of Clinical Care – Ivana Guarrasi



ILLUSTRATIONS / Performed with Care: Enacting Accuracy in Medical Illustration – Drew Danielle Belsky



ILLUSTRATIONS / Material Images: Flesh on Paper in Twentieth-Century Surgical Drawing – Harriet Palfreyman



ILLUSTRATIONS / The Radford Collection: Exploring and Experiencing the Mid-Nineteenth-Century Midwifery Lecture – Rebecca Whiteley



LABOUR / Invisible Work – Sally Wyatt



MICROSCOPES / The Virtual Microscope: Tracing Knowledge of Human Microstructure Through Digital Images – R. Claire Aland, Nicole Shepherd, Belinda Swyny and Mary-Louise Roy Manchadi



MUSEUMS / The Pathology Museum at Korle Bu – Robert Kumoji and John Nott



NURSERVERS / The Nurserver – David Theodore



PHOTOGRAPHS / Typologies of Fatness: Constitutional Photography in Western Medicine, c.1930-60 – Anne Katrine Kleberg Hansen



PLACE, AND AFFECT / Matters of Place and Affect – Rachel Vaden Allison and John Nott



PROPS / Props in Breaking Bad News Simulation – Kaisu Koski and Kirsten Ostherr



RADIOGRAPHS / Lasers, Screens and Models: The Material Assemblages of Learning Pattern Recognition in Radiography Education – Peter D. Winter



SIMULATIONS / Simulations in Health Professions Education – Andrea Wojcik



SKULLS / Medical Museums, Materiality, and the Traumatic Brain Injury of Phineas Gage – Denielle Elliott with Dominic Hall



STETHOSCOPES / This Thing, A Stethoscope – Claire Wendland



TEXTILES / Materialities of Surgery: Learning Through Thread – Roger Kneebone and Fleur Oakes



ULTRASOUNDS / Developing Ultrasound: Knowledge Dissemination and Technological Change, 1945-1980 – Jakob Lehne



WOUNDS / The Fake Wound: Thinking Through Materials in Osce Simulations – Andrea Wojcik, Victor Mogre, Anthony Amalba, Celia Yamile Rodriguez and Francis A. Abantanga



ZEBRAS / Zebras, not Horses: On Limits and Margins of Biomedical Knowledge – Candida F. Sanchez Burmester



Notes on Contributors

Index

Sujets

• Médecine
• Médecine Générale
• Subjects
• Teaching
• Medical
• EDUCATION
• Science and technology
• Material culture
• General officer
• Subject
• History of medicine
• Anthropology
• General
• Cultural Studies
• History

Informations

• Publié par: Intellect Books
• Date de parution: 22 août 2022
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9781789385793
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 9 Mo

Extrait

Making Sense of Medicine
Global Health Humanities
Series Editors: Susan Hogan and Anna Greenwood
This new book series looks at the global health humanities from a number of perspectives, incorporating:
medical humanities
health humanities (broadly defined)
history of medicine
arts and health.
A wide range of critical studies interrogating the epistemology of knowledge production will be considered. Forms of health knowledge production will be questioned. This series is attentive to the mutually constitutive nature of gender, sexual identity, cultural identity, disability, age and other categories of difference that shape social practices and individual lives. This sensitivity to cultural perspectives forms a critical, and distinctive, lens for the series. Topics of interest include, but not restricted to, global health inequalities and the health humanities; critical reflections on global health humanities; conceptualisations of health; global health in health humanities scholarship; global maternal health; critical analysis of representations of health and illness across cultures; gender inequality; gender issues in the arts and health.
Global Health Humanities is targeted to appeal to health humanities scholars, clinicians and carers, and arts and humanities practitioners, as well as the learned general public.
Titles: Making Sense of Medicine: Material Culture and the Reproduction of Medical Knowledge (2022) Edited by John Nott and Anna Harris
Making Sense of Medicine
Material Culture and the Reproduction of Medical Knowledge
EDITED BY
John Nott and Anna Harris, with special contributions by Rachel Vadenvan Allison, Harro van Lente, Candida F. S nchez Burmester, Andrea Wojcik and Sally Wyatt
First published in the UK in 2022 by Intellect, The Mill, Parnall Road,
Fishponds, Bristol, BS16 3JG, UK
First published in the USA in 2022 by Intellect, The University of Chicago
Press, 1427 E. 60th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
Signed texts, their authors
Rest of the book, the editors
Copyright 2022 Intellect Ltd
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission.
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
Copy editor: MPS Limited
Cover and layout designer: Aleksandra Szumlas
Cover photo: Models used to practice physical examination skills at Maastricht University s Skillslab. Image courtesy of Anna Harris.
Production manager: Sophia Munyengeterwa
Typesetter: Aleksandra Szumlas
Paperback ISBN 978-1-78938-577-9
ePDF ISBN 978-1-78938-578-6
ePUB ISBN 978-1-78938-579-3
Part of the Global Health Humanities series
Print ISSN 2752-8545 / Online ISSN 2752-8553
Printed and bound by Gomer
To find out about all our publications, please visit our website.
There you can subscribe to our e-newsletter, browse or download our current catalogue, and buy any titles that are in print.
www.intellectbooks.com
This is a peer-reviewed publication.
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION: WHAT MATTERS IN MEDICAL EDUCATION?
John Nott and Anna Harris
ARCHITECTURE
DESIGNING A DISCIPLINE: ARCHITECTURE FOR PATHOLOGY IN THE INTERWAR PERIOD
Annmarie Adams
ART
OBJECTIVITY, ART AND MEDICAL IMAGES
Sally Wyatt
BALLOONS
LESSONS FROM A BALLOON
Christine den Harder and Anna Harris
CADAVERS
THE GEOGRAPHY OF THE DEAD AND THE MOVEMENT OF THE LIVING: KINETIC CONSCIOUSNESS AND THE LIMITS OF THE CADAVER
Rachel Prentice
CHALKBOARDS
ANATOMY OF THE CHALKBOARD
Rachel Vaden Allison
CIGARETTE PAPERS
THE CIGARETTE PAPER, THE EMBROIDERER, AND THE GENDERED CRAFT OF VASCULAR SURGERY
Paul Craddock
CIRCULATION
CIRCULATED CONCEPTS, IMAGES AND OBJECTS
Harro van Lente
DISSECTING ROOMS
THE LADY ANATOMIST : FRAGMENTED BODIES, PHOTOGRAPHIC ASSEMBLAGE AND THE ART OF DISSECTION AT WOMAN S MEDICAL COLLEGE OF PENNSYLVANIA, 1895-98
Jessica M. Dandona
FILM
SEE FOR YOURSELF : AUTOPSY FILM AS AUDIO-VISUAL MEDIATION OF LEARNING EXPERIENCES, c .1928-62
Christian Bonah and Jo l Danet
FILM
NOW WE ARE GOING TO LOOK AT A PIECE OF FILM : PROJECTING MEDICINE IN TWENTIETH CENTURY MEDICAL EDUCATION
Angela Saward
GARDENS
GROUNDWORK FOR PLANETARY HEALTH: REIMAGINING GARDENS IN MEDICAL EDUCATION
Stacey Langwick and Mary Mosha
GLOVES
THE CONTEXT OF TOUCH: GLOVES AND THE PELVIC EXAM
Kelly Underman
HANDBOOKS
CHINESE MEDICAL ILLUSTRATIONS AND COMMUNIST MATERIALISM, 1950-1966
Lan A. Li
HEARTS
THE HEART OF THE SIMULATED MATTER: INTERPROFESSIONAL TRAINING PRACTICES OF CLINICAL CARE
Ivana Guarrasi
ILLUSTRATIONS
PERFORMED WITH CARE: ENACTING ACCURACY IN MEDICAL ILLUSTRATION
Drew Danielle Belsky
ILLUSTRATIONS
MATERIAL IMAGES: FLESH ON PAPER IN TWENTIETH-CENTURY SURGICAL DRAWING
Harriet Palfreyman
ILLUSTRATIONS
THE RADFORD COLLECTION: EXPLORING AND EXPERIENCING THE MID NINETEENTH-CENTURY MIDWIFERY LECTURE
Rebecca Whiteley
LABOUR
INVISIBLE WORK
Sally Wyatt
MICROSCOPES
THE VIRTUAL MICROSCOPE: TRACING KNOWLEDGE OF HUMAN MICROSTRUCTURE THROUGH DIGITAL IMAGES
R. Claire Aland, Nicole Shepherd, Belinda Swyny and Mary-Louise Roy Manchadi
MUSEUMS
THE PATHOLOGY MUSEUM AT KORLE BU
Robert Kumoji and John Nott
NURSERVERS
THE NURSERVER
David Theodore
PHOTOGRAPHS
TYPOLOGIES OF FATNESS: CONSTITUTIONAL PHOTOGRAPHY IN WESTERN MEDICINE, c .1930-60
Anne Katrine Kleberg Hansen
PLACE
MATTERS OF PLACE AND AFFECT
Rachel Vaden Allison and John Nott
PROPS
PROPS IN BREAKING BAD NEWS SIMULATION
Kaisu Koski and Kirsten Ostherr
RADIOGRAPHS
LASERS, SCREENS AND MODELS: THE MATERIAL ASSEMBLAGES OF LEARNING PATTERN RECOGNITION IN RADIOGRAPHY EDUCATION
Peter D. Winter
SIMULATIONS
SIMULATIONS IN HEALTH PROFESSIONS EDUCATION
Andrea Wojcik
SKULLS
MEDICAL MUSEUMS, MATERIALITY, AND THE TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY OF PHINEAS GAGE
Denielle Elliott with Dominic Hall
STETHOSCOPES
THIS THING, A STETHOSCOPE
Claire Wendland
TEXTILES
MATERIALITIES OF SURGERY: LEARNING THROUGH THREAD
Roger Kneebone and Fleur Oakes
ULTRASOUNDS
DEVELOPING ULTRASOUND: KNOWLEDGE DISSEMINATION AND TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE, 1945-1980
Jakob Lehne
WOUNDS
THE FAKE WOUND: THINKING THROUGH MATERIALS IN OSCE SIMULATIONS
Andrea Wojcik, Victor Mogre, Anthony Amalba, Celia Yamile Rodriguez and Francis A. Abantanga
ZEBRAS
ZEBRAS, NOT HORSES: ON LIMITS AND MARGINS OF BIOMEDICAL KNOWLEDGE
Candida F. S nchez Burmester
NOTES ON CONTRIBUTORS
INDEX
INTRODUCTION
WHAT MATTERS IN MEDICAL EDUCATION?
John Nott and Anna Harris
M edical knowledge manifests in materials, and materials are integral to the reproduction of medical knowledge. From the novice student to the expert practitioner, those who study and work in and around medicine rely on material guidance in their everyday practice and as they seek to further their craft. Students, just as experts, pore over textbooks, photographs and films. They put up and copy down chalkboard illustrations, manipulate plastic models and inspect organic specimens fixed in formalin. They pass through grand university libraries and try not to contaminate anything in cramped surgical theatres. Students, just as experts, learn within an expansive material culture of medicine, they learn from explicitly educative materials, from the workaday tools used for diagnosis and in treatment, they learn in everyday spaces and as part of sprawling infrastructures. While the specific constellation of material varies across time and space, many materials have remained constant, key actors in the spread of medical practices and in the steady, global expansion of biomedical frameworks of health and disease. This collection focuses on the materials, objects, tools and technologies, which facilitate the reproduction of medical knowledge and often reify understandings of medical science.
Medical materials are usually considered, in the humanities and social sciences at least, with a mind to their content - in terms of the information they convey or their particular representation of the body or of disease (see, for instance, Kemp and Wallace 2000 ; Sappol 2017 ). Far less attention has been paid to their materiality, their origins and their individual object trajectories. Where materials are produced, where they have travelled and ended up, how they are used and by whom, their affective and sensory qualities, and what materials they are used in conjunction with are just some of ways that materials bear express relevance to their epistemic effects. These questions have, in recent years, been the concern of a growing number of historians ( Hallam 2008 ; Wils et al. 2017 ), anthropologists ( Saunders 2008 ; Prentice 2013 ; Rice 2013 ; Taylor 2011 ), sociologists ( Underman 2020 ; Pasveer 2006 ), medical educators ( Fenwick 2013 ) and practicing physicians ( Kneebone 2020 ), some of whom have contributed to this collection.
To date, historical reflections on the material culture of medical knowledge have tended to focus on the circulation of scientific materials as drivers of curiosity, as the empirical foundation of medicine, and as the basis for further investigation ( Dupr and L thy 2011 ; MacGregor 2007 ). Where research has considered the material culture of medical knowledge, its focus has often concerned a small collection of artistically and culturally influential artefacts. Despite what is often a rather narrow focus, historians have, however, begun to pay greater attention to the material and practical history of knowledge in general ( Smith et al. 2014 ), and to the material transmission of medical knowledge in particular ( Hendriksen 2014 ; Marg csy et al. 2018 ). Despite this, there has been limited historicisation of educative technologies in the more immediate past and historical studies have been slow to engage with the rich seam of philosophical and social science research regarding