Pain Procedures in Clinical Practice E-Book , livre ebook

Pain Procedures in Clinical Practice
Third Edition

Ted A. Lennard, MD
Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Arkansas, Little Rock, Arkansas
Springfield Neurological and Spine Institute, Cox Health Systems, Springfield, Missouri

Stevan Walkowski, DO
Ohio University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Athens, Ohio

Aneesh K. Singla, MD, MPH
Instructor, Harvard Medical School, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts

David G. Vivian, MM, BS, FAFMM
Medical Director, Metro Pain Clinics, Metro Spinal Clinic, Clinical Intelligence, Victoria, Australia
Saunders
Front Matter

Pain Procedures in Clinical Practice
3RD EDITION
Ted A. Lennard, MD
Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Arkansas, Little Rock, Arkansas, Springfield Neurological and Spine Institute, Cox Health Systems, Springfield, Missouri
Stevan Walkowski, DO
Ohio University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Athens, Ohio
Aneesh K. Singla, MD, MPH
Instructor, Harvard Medical School, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
David G. Vivian, MM, BS, FAFMM
Medical Director, Metro Pain Clinics, Metro Spinal Clinic, Clinical Intelligence, Victoria, Australia
Copyright

1600 John F. Kennedy Blvd.
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Philadelphia, PA 19103-2899 ISBN: 978-1-4160-3779-8
PAIN PROCEDURES IN CLINICAL PRACTICE
Copyright © 2011, 2000 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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This book and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the Publisher (other than as may be noted herein).

Notice
Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience broaden our understanding, changes in research methods, professional practices, or medical treatment may become necessary.
Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating and using any information, methods, compounds, or experiments described herein. In using such information or methods they should be mindful of their own safety and the safety of others, including parties for whom they have a professional responsibility.
With respect to any drug or pharmaceutical products identified, readers are advised to check the most current information provided (i) on procedures featured or (ii) by the manufacturer of each product to be administered, to verify the recommended dose or formula, the method and duration of administration, and contraindications. It is the responsibility of practitioners, relying on their own experience and knowledge of their patients, to make diagnoses, to determine dosages and the best treatment for each individual patient, and to take all appropriate safety precautions.
To the fullest extent of the law, neither the Publisher nor the authors, contributors, or editors, assume any liability for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions, or ideas contained in the material herein.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Pain procedures in clinical practice / Ted A. Lennard … [et al.]. -- 3rd ed.
p. ; cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-4160-3779-8 (hardcover : alk. paper) 1. Medicine, Physical. 2. Medical rehabilitation. I. Lennard, Ted A., 1961-
[DNLM: 1. Pain—therapy. 2. Pain—prevention & control. 3. Rehabilitation—methods. WL 704]
RM700.P46 2011
616’.0472—dc22 2011004326
Acquisitions Editor: Daniel Pepper
Senior Developmental Editor: Deidre Simpson
Publishing Services Manager: Patricia Tannian
Team Manager: Radhika Pallamparthy
Senior Project Manager: Sharon Corell
Project Manager: Joanna Dhanabalan
Design Direction: Louis Forgione
Printed in China
Last digit is the print number:9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Dedication
To my wife, Suzanne, and our four daughters, Selby, Claire, Julia, and Maura.

Ted A. Lennard
Tribute
We were saddened to hear of the death of Jay Govind, MBChB, DPH, MMed, FAFOM, on June 20, 2009. Dr. Govind was extensively involved in the content of the “Spine” section of this edition. He served in many capacities throughout his professional career, most recently as the senior specialist and director of the Pain Management Unit at Canberra Hospital. He was the past president of The Australian Faculty of Musculoskeletal Medicine. He also was a board member of the International Spinal Intervention Society and served as chairman of the Standards Committee. Dr. Govind lectured extensively and had a special interest in neck and back pain. He made a significant contribution to pain services, influenced attitudes toward pain, and brought new ideas to the management of chronic pain. He was a prolific writer, clinician, researcher, teacher, and a compassionate and kind man.
We were also saddened to learn of the death of Peter Huijbregts, PT, MSc, MHSc, DPT, OCS, FAAOMPT, FCAMT, on November 6, 2010. Dr. Huijbregts enthusiastically accepted the task of authoring the chapter on “Manual Therapy.” His passion and expertise were in the field of orthopedic and manual physical therapy. He wrote many book chapters and research papers and co-authored many texts. Dr. Huijbregts practiced in Victoria, British-Columbia, Canada, but was originally trained in The Netherlands. He completed two separate research master’s degrees and a doctorate in physical therapy. He was well known for his generosity, sense of humor, and humility.
Each of these men will be missed by all who knew them.

Ted A. Lennard, MD
Contributors

Shihab Ahmed, MD, MPH, Medical Director, Massachusetts General Hospital Pain Clinic, Lowell General Hospital, Lowell, Massachusetts, Emerson Hospital, Concord, Massachusetts

Steven T. Akeson, PsyD, Neuropsychological Association of Southwest Missouri, PC, Springfield, Missouri

Alvin K. Antony, MD FABPMR, Director, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Carolina Sports and Spine, PA, Rocky Mount, North Carolina

Charles N. Aprill, MD, Interventional Spine Specialists, Kenner, Louisiana

Robert Baker, DO, Resident PGY-1, New York College of Osteopathic Medicine, Department of Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine, St. Barnabas Hospital, Bronx, New York

Joel Jay Baumgartner, MD, CAQ Sports Medicine, Rejuv Medical, Sartell, Minnesota

William Jeremy Beckworth, MD, Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation and Orthopedics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia

William M. Boggs, MD, Center for Clinical Trials Research, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Micanopy, Florida

James MackIntosh Borowczyk, BSc, MB, ChB, MMed (Pain), DMM, FRCP (Edin), FAFMM, Musculoskeletal Medicine, Senior Clinical Lecturer, Academic Coordinator of Postgraduate Musculoskeletal and Pain Studies, Department of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Senior Clinical Lecturer, Department of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Medicine, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand

Kenneth Botwin, MD, Fellowship Director, Florida Spine Institute, Clearwater, Florida

Gerry Catapang, PT, DPT, MGS, Physical Therapy Care, Manual Physical Therapy and Industrial Rehabilitation Center, PC, Springfield, Missouri

Lalaine Madlansacay Catapang, PT, Physical Therapy Care, Manual Physical Therapy and Industrial Rehabilitation Center, PC, Springfield, Missouri

Philip Ceraulo, DO, Florida Spine Institute, Clearwater, Florida

SriKrishna Chandran, MD, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland

Peter M. Chanliongco, PT, President, Republic Physical Therapy, Republic, Missouri

Martin K. Childers, DO, PhD, Professor, Neurology, Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine Winston-Salem, North Carolina

Marissa H. Cohler, MD, Resident Physician, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois

William F. Craig, Physiatrist, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Southlake Orthopaedics, Birmingham, Alabama

Susan J. Dreyer, MD, Associate Professor, Orthopaedic Surgery and, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia

Steve R. Geiringer, MD, Clinical Professor, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan

Herman C. Gore, MD, Fellow, Georgia Pain Physicians, PC, Marietta, Georgia; Forest Park, Georgia; Calhoun, Georgia

Padma Gulur, MD, Instructor, Anesthesia, Harvard Med