Practical Surgical Neuropathology: A Diagnostic Approach E-Book , livre ebook

Practical Surgical Neuropathology
A Diagnostic Approach

Arie Perry, MD
Professor of Pathology and Neurological Surgery, Vice Chair, Department of Pathology, Director of Neuropathology Division and the Neuropathology, Fellowship Program, University of California at San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California
Daniel J. Brat, MD, PhD
Professor and Vice Chair, Translational Programs, Director, Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
Table of Contents
Cover image
Title page
Copyright
Contributors
Series Preface
Preface
Acknowledgments
Practical Surgical Neuropathology Major Patterns
Chapter 1: Neuropathology Patterns and Introduction
Central Nervous System Tumor Classification Schemes and Additional “Neuropathology Patterns”
Electron Microscopy
Immunohistochemistry
Molecular Diagnostics
Chapter 2: Normal Brain Histopathology
Cell Types
Tissue Organization
Features of Infancy and Childhood
Features of the Aging Nervous System
Chapter 3: Intraoperative Consultation and Optimal Processing
Types of Neurosurgical Specimens
Intraoperative Cytologic Preparations as a Complement to Frozen Tissue Sections
Fixation and Staining Options for Intraoperative Cytologic Preparations
Frozen Sectioning of Central Nervous System Tissue
Artifacts
Iatrogenically Introduced Hemostatic and Embolic Agents
The Bottom Line: What Does the Surgeon Need to Know?
Chapter 4: Neuroradiology: The Surrogate of Gross Neuropathology
Basic Noninvasive Diagnostic Imaging Techniques
Advanced Noninvasive Diagnostic Imaging Techniques
Basic Invasive Diagnostic Imaging Techniques
Advanced Invasive Therapeutic Techniques
Imaging Patterns in Neuroradiology
Advanced Strategies of Lesion Analysis
Conclusion
Chapter 5: Astrocytic and Oligodendroglial Tumors
Introduction and Brief Historical Overview
Diffuse Astrocytomas
Pilocytic Astrocytoma
Subependymal Giant-Cell Astrocytoma
Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma
Oligodendroglioma
Oligoastrocytoma
Chapter 6: Ependymomas and Choroid Plexus Tumors
Definitions and Synonyms
Brief Historical Overview
Ependymal Tumors
Choroid Plexus Tumors
Chapter 7: Neuronal and Glioneuronal Neoplasms
Gangliogliomas and Gangliocytomas (“Ganglion Cell Tumors”)
Desmoplastic Infantile Astrocytoma and Ganglioglioma
Dysplastic Gangliocytoma of the Cerebellum (Lhermitte-Duclos Disease)
Central Neurocytoma and Other Neurocytic Neoplasms
Cerebellar Liponeurocytoma
Dysembryoplastic Neuroepithelial Tumor
Papillary Glioneuronal Tumor
Rosette-Forming Glioneuronal Tumor of the Fourth Ventricle
Hypothalamic Hamartoma
Chapter 8: Pineal Parenchymal Tumors
Introduction, Definitions, and Synonyms
Brief Historical Overview
Incidence and Demographics
Localization and Clinical Manifestations
Radiologic Features and Gross Pathology
Histopathology
Histologic Variants and Grading
Principles of Diagnosis and Grading on Small or Artifact-Ridden Samples
Differential Diagnosis
Ancillary Diagnostic Studies
Treatment and Prognosis
Chapter 9: Embryonal (Primitive) Neoplasms of the Central Nervous System
Definition and Synonyms
Brief Historical Overview
Medulloblastoma (Cerebellar Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor)
Central Nervous System Supratentorial Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumors and Related Embryonal Neoplasms
Atypical Teratoid Rhabdoid Tumor
Chapter 10: Meningiomas
Benign Meningioma (WHO Grade I)
Atypical Meningioma (WHO Grade II) (either of two major criteria)
Brain-Invasive Meningioma (WHO Grade II)
Anaplastic (Malignant) Meningioma (WHO Grade III) (either of two criteria)
Introduction and Proposed Etiologies
Definition and Analogies with Meningothelial Cells
Brief Historical Overview of Nomenclature and Histogenetic Notions
Meningiomas That Are Mostly Benign (WHO Grade I)
WHO Grade II Meningiomas
WHO Grade III (Malignant) Meningiomas
Chapter 11: Mesenchymal Tumors of the Central Nervous System
Brief Historical Overview
Incidence and Demographics
Lipoma and Liposarcoma
Fibroblastic–Myofibroblastic Tumors
Smooth Muscle Tumors
Skeletal Muscle Tumors
Vascular Tumors
Bone Tumors
Chondromatous Tumors
Chordoma
Undifferentiated Sarcoma
Miscellaneous Tumors and Tumor-like Lesions
Chapter 12: Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors
Traumatic Neuroma
Schwannoma
Neurofibroma
Perineurioma
Granular Cell Tumor
Miscellaneous Benign Neurogenic Tumors
Primary Malignant Tumors of Nerve
Malignant Granular Cell Tumor
Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor of the Nerve
Chapter 13: Epithelial, Neuroendocrine, and Metastatic Lesions
Metastatic Epithelial and Epithelioid Neoplasms
Paraganglioma
Papillary Tumor of the Pineal Region
Cysts of the Central Nervous System
Chapter 14: Lymphomas and Histiocytic Tumors
Definition and Synonyms
Lymphomas
Histiocytic Disorders
Chapter 15: Germ Cell Tumors
Definition and Synonyms
Brief Historical Overview
Incidence and Demographics
Clinical Manifestations and Localization
Radiologic Features and Gross Pathology
Histopathology
Histologic Variants
Ancillary Diagnostic Studies
Differential Diagnosis
Genetics
Treatment and Prognosis
Germ Cell Tumors Metastatic to the Central Nervous System
Chapter 16: Melanocytic Neoplasms of the Central Nervous System
Definitions and Synonyms
Brief Historical Overview
Melanocytoma and Melanoma
Neurocutaneous Melanosis/Melanomatosis
Chapter 17: Other Glial Neoplasms
Angiocentric Glioma
Astroblastoma
Chordoid Glioma
Chapter 18: Pathology of the Pituitary and Sellar Region
The Sellar Region and Normal Pituitary
Anterior Pituitary Tumors
Invasion and Malignancy in Anterior Pituitary Tumors
Pituitary Hyperplasia
Other Primary Pituitary Tumors
Miscellaneous Sellar Region Tumors
Sellar Region Cysts
Inflammatory Lesions
Infectious Lesions
Acknowledgment
Chapter 19: Therapy-Associated Neuropathology
Radiation Necrosis and Other Forms of Radiation Injury
Therapy-Induced Leukoencephalopathies and Vasculopathies
Therapy-Induced Secondary Neoplasms
Chapter 20: Familial Tumor Syndromes
Neurofibromatosis Type 1
Neurofibromatosis Type 2
Schwannomatosis
Tuberous Sclerosis Complex
Von Hippel-Lindau Disease
Turcot Syndrome
Nevoid Basal Cell Carcinoma Syndrome (Gorlin Syndrome)
Cowden Disease
Li-Fraumeni Syndrome
Carney Complex
Rhabdoid Predisposition Syndrome
Other Syndromes
Chapter 21: Infections and Inflammatory Disorders
Meningitis
Encephalitis
Focal Discrete Central Nervous System Infection
Inflammatory Conditions of the Nervous System Mimicking Infections
Central Nervous System Manifestations of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Central Nervous System Manifestations of Wegener Granulomatosis
Acknowledgment
Chapter 22: White Matter and Myelin Disorders
Multiple Sclerosis
Neuromyelitis Optica
Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis
Acute Hemorrhagic Leukoencephalitis
Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy
Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis
HIV Leukoencepahlopathy and Vacuolar Myelopathy
Binswanger Encephalopathy
Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy
Fat Embolism
Leukodystrophies
Osmotic Demyelination Syndrome (Central Pontine and Extrapontine Myelinolysis)
Chapter 23: Pathology of Epilepsy
Malformations of Cortical Development (Cortical Dysplasia)
Hippocampal Sclerosis
Infarct Including Porencephalic Cyst
Rasmussen Encephalitis
Chapter 24: Vascular and Ischemic Disorders
Ischemic Cerebral Infarct
Hypertensive Cerebrovascular Disease
Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy
Vasculitis Involving the Nervous System
Giant-Cell Arteritis
Primary Angiitis of the Central Nervous System
Polyarteritis Nodosa
Cerebral Aneurysms
Fusiform and Infective (“Mycotic”) Aneurysms
Vascular Malformations
Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy
Moyamoya Syndrome
Chapter 25: Biopsy Pathology of Neurodegenerative Disorders in Adults
Alzheimer Disease
Dementia with Lewy Bodies and Idiopathic Parkinson Disease
Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration and Pick Disease
Human Prion Diseases (Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies) Including Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease
Index
Copyright

PRACTICAL SURGICAL NEUROPATHOLOGY: A DIAGNOSTIC APPROACH
ISBN: 978-0-443-06982-6
© 2010 by Churchill Livingstone an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved .
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