Preventing and Reducing Aggression and Violence in Health and Social Care

Richard Byrt

Description

No one should face aggression or violence in the workplace but these problems are increasingly being reported by health and social care workers and the people using their services. This helpful book explores the reasons why some individuals may become aggressive or violent and explains how a holistic approach can offer effective ways of preventing, anticipating, reducing and dealing with aggression and violence when they arise. By critically exploring the common issues and difficulties encountered by professionals, the authors provide valuable insights into this behaviour and how to implement safeguards against it. Contents include: A holistic approach Violence and aggression in services and the social context Essential principles and theoretical models Safe, therapeutic environments De-escalation: Reducing arousal and aggression Non-verbal and verbal communication Biological explanations of violence and aggression Culture, diversity and communication Individuals with specific communication needs More on individuals with specific communication needs Clients physical health needs Psychosocial interventions including Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Other types of psychotherapy and therapeutic communities

Sujets

• Médecine

Informations

• Publié par: M&K Publishing
• Date de parution: 26 avril 2010
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9781907830570
• Langue: English

Extrait

Preventing and Reducing Aggression and Violence in Health and Social Care
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Preventing and Reducing Aggression and Violence in Health and Social Care:
A holistic approach
Kelvin Ford Richard Byrt James Dooher
Preventing and Reducing Aggression and Violence in Health and Social Care Kelvin Ford, Richard Byrt and James Dooher
ISBN: 978-1-905539-57-4
First published 2010
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British Library Catalogue in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
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Designed and typeset in 11pt Usherwood Book by Mary Blood Printed in England by Ferguson Print, Keswick.
Contents
List of figures and tables
Acknowledgments
About the authors
Introduction
Chapter 1 A holistic approach
Chapter 2 Violence and aggression in services and the social context
Chapter 3 Essential principles and theoretical models
Chapter 4 Safe, therapeutic environments
Chapter 5 De-escalation: Reducing arousal and aggression
Chapter 6 Non-verbal and verbal communication
Chapter 7 Biological explanations of violence and aggression
Chapter 8 Culture, diversity and communication
Chapter 9 Individuals with specific communication needs
Chapter 10 More on individuals with specific communication needs
Chapter 11 Clients’ physical health needs
Chapter 12 Psychosocial interventions, including Cognitive Behavioural Therapy
Chapter 13 Other types of psychotherapy and therapeutic communities
Conclusion
References
Index
List of figures
1.1 Integrated care
3.1 Aspects of holistic care in preventing and reducing violence and aggression
3.2 Processes involved in interventions with violent and aggressive clients
List of tables
2.1 Occupations most at risk of assaults at work, 2001/02 and 2002/03 British Crime Survey Interviews
2.2 National Physical Assault Data Collection Findings
3.1 Theoretical models seeking to explain violence and aggression and inform professional interventions
6.1 Aspects of worker verbal communication and its likely effect on violence and aggression
6.2 Aspects of worker non-verbal communication and its likely effect on violence and aggression
Acknowledgements
With acknowledgements to clients, students and colleagues, who have taught us so much. Thanks to Fliss Watts, copy editor.
Richard Byrt would like to thank David J. Bowley, Caroline Byrt, Mahesh Chauhan and Sara Le Butt for their support in different ways.
Kevin Ford would like to thank his wife Jane and daughter Rachel for their continuing help and support.
About the authors
Richard Byrt RMN, RNLD, RGN, PhD, BSc (Hons)
Richard is a lecturer-practitioner, nursing, at the School of Nursing and Midwifery, De Montfort University and Arnold Lodge Medium Secure Unit, Nottinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust. Richard also has experience as a service user and informal carer, and has worked in a wide variety of health and social care settings.
James Dooher RMN, MA, FHE Cert Ed, Dip HCR, CRS, FHEA
James is Principal Lecturer, Academic Lead for Mental Health/Senior Research Fellow, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University. He has a particular interest in facilitating service users to reach their potential and is actively involved in local networks that promote this. He has worked as a nurse within a range of mental health settings, and for the last 12 years has led Mental Health Nurse education in Leicestershire.
Kelvin Ford Psychol D, MPhil, MSc, MA, BA (Hons), Dip N, Dip Couns, Cert Ed, RMN
Since 1975, Dr. Kelvin Ford has worked as a Mental Health Practitioner, including ten years within a Regional Secure Unit, treating mentally disordered offenders. In 1994 he was appointed Trent Regional Mental Health Fellow, being responsible for Post Graduate Mental Health education for General Practitioners, within Trent Region. He also conducted a major research study identifying mental health educational needs for Primary Health Care Workers. He is currently a Senior Lecturer in Psychology, specialising in mental health care and psychotherapeutic interventions at De Montfort University, Leicester.
Introduction
Welcome to this book, which considers the prevention and reduction of violence and aggression as an aspect of health and social care. It discusses specific skills and interventions in this area, although much of the material has general relevance to professionals working within all fields of health and social care, who may encounter violence or aggression within their working lives.
The book aims to critically explore the common issues and difficulties encountered by professionals, and to provide an insight and understanding which helps the prevention, anticipation, management and evaluation of behaviour that increases threat or risk to the individual and those around them.
The authors argue that:
All aspects of nursing and multidisciplinary practice are relevant to reducing, and in particular, to preventing, violence and aggression.
A holistic approach to the individual client is essential, as violence and aggression may be related to a wide range of the individual’s needs, problems and strengths, including those that are physical, psychological, spiritual, cultural, social, environmental and related to aspects of diversity.
All interventions need to be underpinned by:
the need to ensure safety and reduce the risk of harm to the individual who is being violent or aggressive and to others who may be affected by that behaviour
ethical values, which ensure that interventions do not cause harm and respect the individual
evidence related to which interventions are effective and therapeutic for the client, ensure his or her safety and that of others and minimise risk (Byrt and Doyle, 2007).
Violence and aggression and the threat of violence and aggression, be it verbal or physical, are a serious hazard to the health, safety and wellbeing of care workers and their clients. Ideally, no one should face aggression or violence in the workplace, but in reality many people do, and this is becoming increasingly reported where contact with customers, clients, crowds and the general public forms part of a person’s job.
For most workers in health and social care, it will be an occasional and infrequent hazard, but for others it can be a daily occurrence. Regardless of the frequency with which incidents arise, it is important to implement safeguards which minimise their likelihood, the risks when they do arise, and the potential negative impact upon staff after the event. Employers are taking their duty of care, and responsibilities for maintaining the health, safety and welfare of employees and service users very seriously, placing the highest value on creating a positive working environment, free from violence, aggression and abuse, and we hope this book contributes to the knowledge base which helps protect all from the effects of violence and aggression.
Chapter 1
A holistic approach

This chapter considers three key themes that will help the health worker understand how to prevent and reduce violence and aggression in relation to other aspects of care. It explores the meanings of ‘anger’, ‘aggression and ‘violence’, and outlines the differences between assertive, aggressive and other expressions of anger. Understanding thes