Rapid Review Neuroscience E-Book , livre ebook

Rapid Review Neuroscience

James A. Weyhenmeyer, PhD
Professor, Cell and Developmental Biology, Neuroscience, and Pathology, College of Medicine and School of Molecular and Cell Biology
Associate Vice President, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois
Eve A. Gallman, PhD
Adjunct Assistant Professor, Cell and Developmental Biology and Neuroscience, College of Medicine and School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois
Table of Contents
Cover image
Title page
Rapid Review Series
Copyright
Dedication
Figure Credits
Series Preface
Acknowledgments
Chapter 1: Development and Anatomy of the Nervous System
Chapter 2: Ventricles, Cerebrospinal Fluid, and Meninges
Chapter 3: Vasculature
Chapter 4: Neurocytology
Chapter 5: Neurophysiology and Synaptic Interactions
Chapter 6: Neurochemistry
Chapter 7: Sensory Systems
Chapter 8: Motor Systems
Chapter 9: Basal Ganglia
Chapter 10: Cerebellum
Chapter 11: Cranial Nerves
Chapter 12: Visual System
Chapter 13: Auditory and Vestibular Systems
Chapter 14: Homeostasis
Chapter 15: States of Consciousness
Chapter 16: Cortical Function
Chapter 17: Neurologic Exam
Common Laboratory Values
TEST 1: questions
TEST 1: answers
TEST 2: questions
TEST 2: answers
Index
Rapid Review Series
Series Editor
Edward F. Goljan, MD

Behavioral Science, Second Edition
Vivian M. Stevens, PhD; Susan K. Redwood, PhD; Jackie L. Neel, DO; Richard H. Bost, PhD; Nancy W. Van Winkle, PhD; Michael H. Pollak, PhD

Biochemistry, Second Edition
John W. Pelley, PhD; Edward F. Goljan, MD

Gross and Developmental Anatomy, Second Edition
N. Anthony Moore, PhD; William A. Roy, PhD, PT

Histology and Cell Biology, Second Edition
E. Robert Burns, PhD; M. Donald Cave, PhD

Microbiology and Immunology, Second Edition
Ken S. Rosenthal, PhD; James S. Tan, MD

Neuroscience
James A. Weyhenmeyer, PhD; Eve A. Gallman, PhD

Pathology, Second Edition
Edward F. Goljan, MD

Pharmacology, Second Edition
Thomas L. Pazdernik, PhD; Laszlo Kerecsen, MD

Physiology
Thomas A. Brown, MD

USMLE Step 2
Michael W. Lawlor, MD, PhD

USMLE Step 3
David Rolston, MD; Craig Nielsen, MD
Copyright

1600 John F. Kennedy Blvd.
Suite 1800
Philadelphia, PA 19103-2899
RAPID REVIEW NEUROSCIENCE
ISBN-10: 0-323-02261-8
Copyright © 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
ISBN-13: 978-0-323-02261-3
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier’s Health Sciences Rights Department in Philadelphia, PA, USA: phone: (+1) 215 239 3804, fax: (+1) 215 239 3805, e-mail: healthpermissions@elsevier.com . You may also complete your request on-line via the Elsevier homepage ( http://www.elsevier.com ), by selecting “Customer Support” and then “Obtaining Permissions”.

NOTICE
Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience broaden our knowledge, changes in practice, treatment and drug therapy may become necessary or appropriate. Readers are advised to check the most current information provided (i) on procedures featured or (ii) by the manufacturer of each product to be administered, to verify the recommended dose or formula, the method and duration of administration, and contraindications. It is the responsibility of the practitioner, relying on their own experience and knowledge of the patient, to make diagnoses, to determine dosages and the best treatment for each individual patient, and to take all appropriate safety precautions. To the fullest extent of the law, neither the Publisher nor the Authors assume any liability for any injury and/or damage to persons or property arising out or related to any use of the material contained in this book.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Weyhenmeyer, James A.
Neuroscience/James A. Weyhenmeyer, Eve A. Gallman.—1st ed.
p. ; cm.—(Rapid review series)
ISBN 0-323-02261-8
1. Neurosciences—Outlines, syllabi, etc. 2. Neurosciences—Examinations, questions, etc. I. Gallman, Eve A. II. Title. III. Series.
[DNLM: 1. Nervous System—Examination Questions. WL 18.2 W547n 2007]
RC343.6.W49 2007
612.80076—dc22
2006041965
Publishing Director: Linda Belfus
Acquisitions Editor: James Merritt
Developmental Editor: Katie DeFrancesco
Design Direction: Steven Stave
Printed in the United States of America.
Last digit is the print number:  9  8  7  6  5  4  3  2  1  
Dedication
To my wife, Jan, and my children, James and Jonathan, for their continued support and patience
JAW
To my husband, Kurt, who keeps life interesting
EAG
To our students. After all, they are the point of this endeavor.
Figure Credits
Brodmann K: Vergleichende Lokalisation lehre der Grosshirnrinde in ihren Prinzipien dargestelt auf Grund des Zellenbaues. Leipzig, Germany: JA Barth, 1909.
Figure 16-1
Burns ER, Cave MD: Rapid Review Histology and Cell Biology, 1st ed. Philadelphia: Mosby, 2002.
Figure 4-1 and 4-3
Fitzgerald MJT, Folan-Curran J: Clinical Neuroanatomy and Related Neuroscience, 4th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders, 2001.
Figure 7-4 and 7-8
Gilman AG, Goodman LS, Rall TW, Murad F: Goodman and Gilman’s The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 7th ed. New York: Macmillan, 1985.
Figure accompanying Table 6-1
Gilroy J: Basic Neurology, 3rd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2000.
Figure 16-4
Goetz C: Textbook of Clinical Neurology, 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Saunders, 2003.
Figures accompanying Test 2 , Questions 3 and 41
Haines DE: Fundamental Neuroscience, 2nd ed. New York: Churchill Livingstone, 2002.
Figures 1-4 to 1-7A, 2-3 , 2-4 , 3-4 , 3-7 , 7-1 , and 12-3
Hardman JG, Limbird LE: Goodman and Gilman’s The Pharmacologic Basis of Therapeutics, 10th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2001.
Figure 6-1 and 6-2
Jarvis C: Physical Examination and Health Assessment, 4th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders, 2003.
Figure 7-9
Kandel ER, Schwartz JH, Jessel TM: Principles of Neural Science, 4th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2000.
Figures 5-2 , 8-4 , and 8-5
Nadeau SE, Ferguson TS, Valenstein E, et al: Medical Neuroscience. Philadelphia: Saunders, 2004.
Figure 15-3 and figures accompanying Test 2 , Questions 28 – 31
Nolte J: The Human Brain, 5th ed. Philadelphia: Mosby, 2002.
Figures 1-3 , 1-7 to 1-10 , 2-5 , 3-2 , 5-4 , 5-6 to 5-8 , 10-1 , and the figure accompanying Test 1 , Question 30 .
Tables 11-3 to 11-9 , 12-1 , 13-5, and 13-6
Nolte J, Angevine JB: The Human Brain in Photographs and Diagrams, 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Mosby, 2000.
Figures 3-6 , 7-6 , 7-7 , and the figures accompanying Test 1 , Questions 3 – 5 , 9 , 38 , 49 , and Test 2 , Questions 12 and 18
Tables 3-1 to 3-6 , and 3-8
Orrison WW, Jr: Neuroimaging, vol 2. Philadelphia: Saunders, 2000.
Figure accompanying Test 2 , Question 40
Penfield W, Rasmussen T: The Cerebral Cortex of Man. New York: Macmillan, 1950.
Figure 1-13 and 8-2
Waxman SG: Clinical Neuroanatomy, 25th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2002.
Figure 10-3
Woolsey TA, Hanaway J, Gado MJ: The Brain Atlas, 2nd ed. New York: Wiley, 2003.
Figure 16-2
Series Preface
The Rapid Review Series has received high critical acclaim from students studying for the United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) Step 1 and high ratings in First Aid for the USMLE Step 1 . We have created a learning system, including a print and electronic package, that is easier to use and more concise than other review products on the market.

SPECIAL FEATURES
Book

•  Outline format: Concise, high-yield subject matter is presented in a study-friendly format. In addition, key words and phrases appear in bold throughout. •  High-yield margin notes: Key content that is most likely to appear on the exam is reinforced in the margin notes. •  High-quality visual elements: Abundant two-color schematics, black and white images, and summary tables enhance your study experience. •  Two-color design: The two-color design helps highlight important elements, making studying more efficient and pleasing. •  Two practice examinations: Two sets of 50 USMLE Step 1–type clinically oriented, multiple-choice questions (including images where necessary) and complete discussions (rationales) for all options are included.

New! Online Study and Testing Tool

•  350 USMLE Step 1–type MCQs: Clinically oriented, multiple-choice questions that mimic the current board format are presented. These include images where necessary, and complete rationales for all answer options. All the questions from the book are included so you can study them in the most effective mode for you! •  Test mode: Select from randomized 50-question sets or by subject topics for an exam-like review session. This mode features a 60-minute timer to simulate the actual exam, a detailed assessment report that can be printe