The Top 100 Drugs e-book

Andrew Hitchings, Dagan Lonsdale, Daniel Burrage, Emma Baker

Description

Prescribing for the first time is a nerve-wracking experience. Of all the tasks performed by new doctors, it is probably the one with greatest direct impact on the wellbeing of patients. Safe and effective practice rests on a good understanding of both clinical pharmacology and practical prescribing. Acquiring this is not easy, particularly when faced with reams of information about hundreds of unfamiliar drugs, often presented in a way that appears detached from clinical reality.

This book is your starting point. It is a direct response to requests from students for a compendium of the 100 most important drugs in the NHS. Key information about the clinical pharmacology and practical prescribing of each drug is presented side-by-side, allowing you to direct your attention as appropriate for your stage of training. Drugs can be accessed alphabetically when you need quick information on the wards and by organ system or clinical indication when you are at your desk.

Research led by Professor Emma Baker has identified the ‘top 100 drugs’ by their importance and prescribing frequency. She has shown that the list changes little over time, making it a stable resource upon which to base learning.

• The top 100 drugs and the five most important intravenous fluids are presented using a clear, consistent layout across double-page spreads.
• Drugs are arranged alphabetically and also listed by organ system and clinical indication, providing multiple pathways into the information.
• Clinical pharmacology is discussed under the headings: common indications; mechanisms of action; important adverse effects; warnings; and important interactions.
• Practical prescribing is discussed under the headings: prescription; administration; communication; monitoring; and cost.
• A clinical tip is presented for every drug.
• Single-best-answer questions are provided for self-assessment and to show how information from several drugs may be integrated.

Informations

• Publié par: Churchill Livingstone
• Date de parution: 30 mars 2014
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9780702055157
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 2 Mo

Extrait

The Top 100 Drugs
Clinical Pharmacology and Practical Prescribing
Andrew Hitchings BSc(Hons) MBBS MRCP FHEA
Clinical Research Fellow
St George's, University of London
Specialty Registrar (ST7) in Clinical Pharmacology,
General Medicine and Intensive Care Medicine
St George's Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
Dagan Lonsdale BSc(Hons) MBBS MRCP FHEA
Academic Clinical Fellow
St George's, University of London
Specialty Registrar (ST3) in Clinical Pharmacology,
General Medicine and Intensive Care Medicine
St George's Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
Daniel Burrage BSc(Hons) MBBS MRCP FHEA
Academic Clinical Fellow
St George's, University of London
Specialty Registrar (ST3) in Clinical Pharmacology and General Medicine
St George's Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
Emma Baker PhD FRCP
Professor of Clinical Pharmacology
St George's, University of London
Consultant Physician
St George's Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK

Edinburgh London New York Oxford Philadelphia St. Louis Sydney Toronto 2015
Table of Contents
Cover image
Title page
Dedication and acknowledgement
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Copyright
List of abbreviations
Introduction
Why should you use this book?
What are the top 100 drugs ?
How to use this book
Where next?
Reference
The top 100 drugs listed by system
Cardiovascular system
Respiratory system
Nervous system
Gastrointestinal system and nutrition
Renal and genitourinary tracts
Endocrine and reproductive systems
Musculoskeletal system
Ophthalmology
Skin
Blood
Infection
Poisoning
The top 100 drugs listed by indication
Acne
Acute coronary syndrome
Addison's disease
Adrenal insufficiency
Agitation, psychomotor
Alcohol withdrawal
Allergy
Anaemia
Anaphylaxis
Angina
Anxiety
Ascites
Asthma
Atrial fibrillation and flutter
Autoimmune disease
Benign prostatic hyperplasia
Bipolar disorder
Bone metastases
Bowel preparation
Bradycardia
Breathlessness
Carbon monoxide poisoning
Cardiac arrest
Chemotherapy
Childhood immunisations
Chronic kidney disease
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Circulatory compromise
Clostridium difficile colitis
Constipation
Contrast nephropathy
Contraception, hormonal
Deep vein thrombosis
Dental infection
Depression
Diabetes mellitus
Diabetic ketoacidosis
Diabetic nephropathy
Diarrhoea
Dry eyes
Dry skin
Dyspepsia
Eczema
Endocarditis
Epilepsy, absence seizures
Epilepsy, focal
Epilepsy, generalised
Epilepsy, status epilepticus
Erectile dysfunction
Faecal impaction
Fever
Fluid and electrolyte therapy
Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease
Generalised anxiety disorder
Glaucoma, open-angle
Gout
Hay fever (seasonal allergic rhinitis)
Heart failure
Heart valve replacement
Helicobacter pylori eradication
Hepatic encephalopathy
Hormonal contraception
Hormone replacement therapy
Hyperaldosteronism
Hypercalcaemia of malignancy
Hyperglycaemic hyperosmolar syndrome
Hyperkalaemia
Hyperlipidaemia
Hypertension
Hyperuricaemia
Hypocalcaemia
Hypoglycaemia
Hypokalaemia
Hypopituitarism
Hypothyroidism
Hypoxaemia
Incontinence, urinary
Infection, complicated
Infection, fungal
Infection, protozoal
Inflammation
Insomnia
Irritable bowel syndrome
Ischaemic heart disease
Keratoconjunctivitis sicca
Korsakoff's psychosis
Leg cramps
Local anaesthesia
Lyme disease
Malaria
Meningitis
Migraine
Mucosal bleeding
Myocardial perfusion scan
Nausea and vomiting
Neural tube defects, prevention of
Obsessive compulsive disorder
Ocular hypertension
Oedema
Opioid toxicity
Osteomyelitis
Osteoporosis
Overdose
Paget's disease
Pain
Pain, neuropathic
Panic disorders
Paracentesis
Parkinsonism, secondary
Parkinson's disease
Peptic ulcer disease
Peripheral arterial disease
Pneumonia
Pneumonia, pneumocystis
Pneumothorax
Poisoning
Pruritus
Psoriasis
Psychomotor agitation
Pulmonary embolus
Pulmonary hypertension
Pulmonary oedema
Pyelonephritis
Reconstitution and dilution of drugs
Respiratory secretions
Rheumatoid arthritis
Schizophrenia
Sedation
Sepsis
Sepsis, intra-abdominal
Septic arthritis
Shock
Skin and soft tissue infection
Sj gren's syndrome
Smoking cessation
Stroke
Subacute combined degeneration of the cord
Supraventricular tachycardia
Tetanus
Thiamine deficiency
Tonsillitis
Trigeminal neuralgia
Tumour lysis syndrome
Ulcerative colitis
Urinary catheterisation
Urinary tract infection
Urticaria
Vaccination
Venous thromboembolism, prophylaxis
Venous thromboembolism, treatment
Ventricular fibrillation
Ventricular tachycardia
Vitamin D deficiency
Vitamin K deficiency bleeding
Warfarin, reversal of
Wernicke's encephalopathy
The top 100 drugs
Fluids
Self-assessment and knowledge integration
Answers and explanations
Index of drugs
Dedication and acknowledgement

Dedication
This book is dedicated to our families, without whose support and patience we would not have been able to write it.

Acknowledgement
Many students at St George's, University of London contributed to the development of this book. We wish to express our gratitude to them all, but most particularly to those who participated in the projects that generated the Top 100 Drugs list, and to the members of a focus group convened to ensure the book would meet their needs.
Copyright

2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Details on how to seek permission, further information about the Publisher's permissions policies and our arrangements with organizations such as the Copyright Clearance Center and the Copyright Licensing Agency, can be found at our website: www.elsevier.com/permissions .
This book and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the Publisher (other than as may be noted herein).
ISBN 978-0-7020-5516-4
eBook ISBN 978-0-7020-5515-7
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress

Notices
Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience broaden our understanding, changes in research methods, professional practices, or medical treatment may become necessary.
Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating and using any information, methods, compounds, or experiments described herein. In using such information or methods they should be mindful of their own safety and the safety of others, including parties for whom they have a professional responsibility.
With respect to any drug or pharmaceutical products identified, readers are advised to check the most current information provided (i) on procedures featured or (ii) by the manufacturer of each product to be administered, to verify the recommended dose or formula, the method and duration of administration, and contraindications. It is the responsibility of practitioners, relying on their own experience and knowledge of their patients, to make diagnoses, to determine dosages and the best treatment for each individual patient, and to take all appropriate safety precautions.
To the fullest extent of the law, neither the Publisher nor the authors, contributors, or editors, assume any liability for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions, or ideas contained in the material herein.



Printed in China
Senior Content Strategist: Pauline Graham
Senior Content Development Specialist: Ailsa Laing
Project Manager: Anne Collett
Designer: Miles Hitchen
List of abbreviations
5-ASA 5-aminosalicylic acid 5-HT 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) ACE Angiotensin-converting enzyme ACS Acute coronary syndrome ACTH Adrenocorticotropic hormone ADP Adenosine diphosphate AF Atrial fibrillation ALS Advanced Life Support ALT Alanine aminotransferase/transaminase AMP Adenosine monophosphate APTR Activated partial thromboplastin ratio ARB Angiotensin receptor blocker AT 1 Angiotensin type 1 (receptor) ATP Adenosine triphosphate AV Atrioventricular BCG Bacillus Calmet