Volume 4, Issue 2, An Issue of Hospital Medicine Clinics

Allen B. Repp

Sujets

• Médecine
• Spécialités médicales
• Hospital Administration
• Medical
• Care

Informations

• Publié par: Elsevier
• Date de parution: 25 juin 2015
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9780323356107
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 2 Mo

Extrait

Clinics Review Articles
Hospital Medicine Clinics

Allen B. Repp, MD, MSc, FHM, FACP
Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
ISSN  2211-5943 Volume 4 • Number 2 • April 2015
Elsevier
Table of Contents
Cover image
Title page
Contributors
Consulting Editor
Editor
Authors
Forthcoming Issues
Forthcoming Issues
Recent Issues
Foreword
Preface: The Exponential Times
Bedside Ultrasonography Evaluation of Shock
Overview
Introduction to clinician shock ultrasonography
Clinician shock ultrasonography: components
Clinician shock ultrasonography: integration
Clinician shock ultrasonography: clinical scenario
Performance improvement
Clinical guidelines
Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator and Pacemaker Infections
Epidemiology and definitions
Cause and pathophysiology
Clinical evaluation
Management: antibiotics
Management: device removal and replacement
Outcomes
Clinical guidelines
Performance improvement
Hepatitis C in Hospital Medicine
Definitions
Epidemiology
Patient evaluation and diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Clinical guidelines
Discharge instructions
Practice improvement
Guillain-Barré Syndrome
Infection
Other risk factors
Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy
Demyelinating disorders
Axonal disorders
Cerebrospinal fluid
Nerve conduction testing
Other testing
Plasma exchange/plasmapheresis
Intravenous immunoglobulin
Respiratory failure
Acute Suppurative Parotitis
Rheumatologic conditions associated with parotitis
Clinical guidelines
Performance improvement
Pericarditis
Pericarditis
Clinical guidelines
Practice improvement
Ischemic Colitis
Introduction
Epidemiology/Demographics
Clinical presentation and examination findings
Causes
Diagnostic testing
Management
Complications
Prognosis
Clinical guidelines
Hypernatremia in Adults
Definition
Epidemiology
Physiology of sodium regulation
Mechanisms and causes of hypernatremia
Clinical features, history, and examination
Treatment of hypernatremia
Practice improvement
Clinical guidelines
Interpretation of Thyroid Function Tests in Hospitalized Patients
Introduction
Epidemiology
Pathophysiology
Patient evaluation
Diagnostic approach
Management
Clinical guidelines
Performance improvement
Prevention of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections in the Hospital
Definition
Epidemiology
Pathogenesis
Microorganisms
Management
Prevention
Guidelines
Terminal Extubation
Ethical issues surrounding withholding and withdrawing life-supporting treatments
Special considerations in terminal extubation of an alert patient
Terminal extubation procedure
Key principles
Guidelines for practice
Contributors

Consulting Editor
JOSEPH MING WAH LI, MD, SFHM, FACP
Chief, Section of Hospital Medicine, Division of General Medicine and Primary Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts

Editor
ALLEN B. REPP, MD, MSc, FHM, FACP
Health Care Service Leader, Primary Care Internal Medicine, University of Vermont Medical Center; Associate Professor and Division Chief, Primary Care Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont

Authors
MIREILLE K. ANAWATI, MD
Section of Hospital Medicine, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, Vermont
BRADLEY J. BENSON, MD, FACP, FAAP
Director, Division of General Internal Medicine; Associate Professor of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota
ANDREW DUNN, MD, MPH
Chief, Division of Hospital Medicine, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, New York
SHADEN ELDAKAR-HEIN, MD
Assistant Professor, Department of Medicine, Fletcher Allen Health Care, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont
JOSHUA D. FARKAS, MD
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, Vermont
FLORIAN FOERG, MD
Assistant Professor, Section of Hospital Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Vermont Medical Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont
HARLEY P. FRIEDMAN, MD
Department of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire
ZECHARIAH GARDNER, MD
Assistant Professor, Section of Hospital Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Vermont Medical Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont
UMESH GIDWANI, MD
Chief and Director of Cardiac Critical Care, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
SARAH E. HARTLEY, MD
Clinical Assistant Professor, Division of General Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
MELISSA L.P. MATTISON, MD
Hospitalist, Divisions of General Medicine and Primary Care and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Assistant Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
URSULA MCVEIGH, MD
Associate Professor, Departments of Family Medicine and Medicine, Fletcher Allen Health Care, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont
NASEEMA B. MERCHANT, MD, FCCP, FACP, FHM
Assistant Clinical Professor, Department of Medicine, VA CT Health Care System, Yale University School of Medicine, West Haven, Connecticut
FARYAL S. MIRZA, MD, FACE
Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut
KATHY NAVID, MD
Acting Chief of Medicine, Mount Sinai Queens, Astoria, New York
MARK E. PASANEN, MD, FACP
Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont
JUAN PENA, MD
Preventive Medicine Resident, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
MICHAEL RHODES, MD
Hospital Medicine Operations Director; Assistant Professor, Departments of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota
MATTHEW RONAN, MD
Hospitalist, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Instructor in Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
JESSE THEISEN-TOUPAL, MD
Hospitalist, Division of General Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Instructor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
STACI C. VALLEY, MD
Clinical Instructor, Division of General Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
RYAN M. VAN HOFF, MD
Department of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire
Contents

Foreword A7
Joseph Ming Wah Li

Preface: The Exponential Times A9
Allen B. Repp

Bedside Ultrasonography Evaluation of Shock 135
Joshua D. Farkas and Mireille K. Anawati
The availability of clinician ultrasonography has revolutionized the bedside approach to patients in shock. New-onset shock is a medical emergency requiring prompt and definitive therapy. The differential diagnosis is broad, and every entity on the differential diagnosis is life-threatening and requires specific therapy. Time is of the essence and, for patients in extremis, even minutes may count. Clinician echocardiography provides a fast and safe window into the physiology of shocked patients. Although not every patient can be imaged with ultrasonography, in most patients it assists in the categorization of the type of shock.

Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator and Pacemaker Infections 150
Ryan M. van Hoff and Harley P. Friedman
As the use of implantable cardiac devices increases, the incidence of device-associated infections in patients with these devices is increasing in parallel. It is important for hospitalists to understand the presentation, diagnosis, and management of patients with cardiac implantable electronic device infections because they are likely to encounter them and may be the first medical contact with these patients. Principal tenets of management include the initiation of empiric antibiotics and early device removal. Failure to recognize cardiac device infection may lead to delays in treatment with potentially fatal consequences, but most patients make a complete recovery if treated appropriately.

Hepatitis C in Hospital Medicine 163
Matthew Ronan
This article explores the definition of acute and chronic hepatitis C infection and evaluates the epidemiology of hepatitis C virus in the general population as well as inpatients. Common risk factors for contracting the virus, modes of transmission, and the natural history of the disease are discussed. Screening recommendations; approach to diagnosis; and clinical evaluation, including imaging studies and the role of liver biopsy, are addressed. In addition, the changing landscape of treatment with direct-acting antivirals is reviewed.

Guillain-Barré Syndrome 177
Mark E. Pasanen
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) represents a family of acute, inflammatory polyneuropathies. The classic presentation is progressive limb weakness with absent or decreased tendon reflexes, although there are several subtypes with different signs and symptoms. The onset of neurologic symptoms is often preceded by an acute diarrheal or respiratory infection. Patients with suspected GBS should undergo lumbar puncture and nerve conduction studies to help confirm the diagnosis. All patients should be hospitalized for ongoing supportive care and close observation. Mortality is 3% to 4% and as many as 20% of patients have long-term disability.

Acute Suppurative Parotitis 191
Michael Rhodes and Bradley J. Benson
Acute suppurative parotitis is an inflammato