Basic Concepts of Aristotelian Philosophy

Martin Heidegger, Mark B. Tanzer, Robert D. Metcalf

Description

Near legendary lectures on Greek philosophy

Volume 18 of Martin Heidegger's collected works presents his important 1924 Marburg lectures which anticipate much of the revolutionary thinking that he subsequently articulated in Being and Time. Here are the seeds of the ideas that would become Heidegger's unique phenomenology. Heidegger interprets Aristotle's Rhetoric and looks closely at the Greek notion of pathos. These lectures offer special insight into the development of his concepts of care and concern, being-at-hand, being-in-the-world, and attunement, which were later elaborated in Being and Time. Available in English for the first time, they make a significant contribution to ancient philosophy, Aristotle studies, Continental philosophy, and phenomenology.

Translator's Foreword
PRELIMINARY REMARKS

PART ONE
GENERAL INTRODUCTION TO
ANCIENT PHILOSOPHY

PART TWO
THE MOST IMPORTANT GREEK THINKERS:
THEIR QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

SECTION ONE
Philosophy up to Plato

SECTION TWO
Plato's philosophy

SECTION THREE
Aristotle's philosophy

APPENDICES
Supplementary Texts
Excerpts from the Mörchen Transcription
Bröcker Transcription
Editor's Afterword
Greek-English Glossary

Sujets

• Philosophie
• Épistémologie
• Philosophie de l'esprit
• Movements
• PHILOSOPHY
• Philosophie et théologie
• Phenomenology
• Continental
• Classics

Informations

• Publié par: Indiana University Press
• Date de parution: 06 juillet 2009
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9780253004376
• Langue: English

Extrait

Basic Concepts of Aristotelian Philosophy

Studies in Continental Thought

Robert Bernasconi Rudolph Bernet John D. Caputo David Carr Edward S. Casey Hubert Dreyfus Don Ihde David Farrell Krell Lenore Langsdorf Alphonso Lingis

John Sallis, EDITOR

CONSULTING EDITORS

David Wood

William L. McBride J. N. Mohanty Mary Rawlinson Tom Rockmore Calvin O. Schrag † Reiner Schürmann Charles E. Scott Thomas Sheehan Robert Sokolowski Bruce W. Wilshire

Basic Concepts of Aristotelian Philosophy

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Indiana University Press

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Published in German as Martin Heidegger,Gesamtausgabe, volume 18:Grundbegriffe der aristotelischen Philosophie, edited by Mark Michalski

© 2002 by Vittorio Klostermann, Frankfurt am Main © 2009 by Indiana University Press All rights reserved

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MANUFACTURED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Heidegger, Martin, 1889–1976. [Grundbegriffe der aristotelischen Philosophie. English] Basic concepts of Aristotelian philosophy / Martin Heidegger; translated by Robert D. Metcalf and Mark B. Tanzer. p. cm. —(Studies in Continental thought) Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 978-0-253-35349-8 (cloth : alk. paper) 1. Philosophy. 2. Aristotle. I. Title. B3279.H48G76313 2009 185—dc22

1 2 3 4 5 14 13 12 11 10 09

2008055677

CONTENTS

I. The Text of the Lecture on the Basis of Student Writings

INTRODUCTION The Philological Purbose of the Lecture and Its Presubbositions

§1. The Philological Purpose of the Lecture: Consideration of Some Basic Concepts of Aristotelian Philosophy in Their Conceptuality §2. The Presuppositions of the Philological Purpose: Demarcation of the Manner in Which Philosophy Is Treated

FIRST PART Preliminary Understanding as to the Indigenous Character of Conceptuality by Way of an Explication of Being-There as Being-in-the-World: An Orientation toward Aristotelian Basic Concepts

CHAPTER 1 Consideration of Definition as the Place of the Exblicaility of the Concebt and the Return to the Ground of Definition §3. The Determination of the Concept through the Doctrine of Definition in Kant’sLogic §4. The Aspects of the Conceptuality of Aristotle’s Basic Concepts and the Question Concerning Their Indigenous Character §5. Return to the Ground of Definition a) The Predicales ) The Aristotelian Determination ofὁρισµóςasλóγοςουσίας §6. Preliminary Clarification ofλóγος §7.Οὐσίαas the Basic Concept of Aristotelian Philosophy a) The Various Tybes of Concebtual Amiguity and the Coming to Be of Terms ) The Customary Meaning ofΟὐσία c) The Terminological Meaning ofΟὐσία α.Οὐσίαas Beings β.Οὐσίαas Being: Being-Characters (Metaphysics, Δ8). γ.Οὐσίαas Being-There: Being-Characters as Characters of the There §8.฀ρισμóςas Determinate Mode of Being-in-the-World: The Task of Fully Understanding the Basic Concepts in Their Conceptuality in Being-There as Being-in-the-World

CHAPTER 2 The Aristotelian Definition of the Being-There of the Human Being asζωή πρακτικήin the Sense of aψυχῆςἐνέργεια §9. The Being-There of Human Beings asψυχή: Speaking-Being (λóγον฀χειν) and Being- with-One-Another (κοινωνία) (Politics A 2, Rhetoric A 6 and 11). a) The Determination of Human Beings asζ฀ονλóγον฀χον: The Task of Setting λóγοςAbart fromφωνή ) Theλóγοςof Human Beings and theφωνήof Animals as Peculiar Modes of Being-

in-the-World and of Being-with-One-Another α.toward Phenomena That Lie at the Basis of the Sebarating of Orientation λóγος fromφωνή β.Encounter-Characters of the World of Animals: The ฀δύ andλυπηρóν:Φωνή as Indicating, Enticing, Warning γ.The Encounter-Characters of the World of Humans Beings:συμφέρον,βλαβερ฀ν, and฀γαθóν.Λóγος as Self-Exbression with Others aout What Is Conducive to the End of Concern c) The One (Das Man) as the How of the Everydayness of Being-with-One-Another: The Equibrimordiality of Being-with-One-Another and Sbeaking-Being §10. The Being-There of Human Beings as฀νέργεια: The฀γαθóν (Nicomachean Ethics A 1–4). a) The Exblicitness of theἀγαθóν α. The Exblicitness of theἀγαθóνas Such inτέχνη β. The Exblicitness of theἀνθρώπινονἀγαθóνin theπολιτική ) The Basic Determinations of theἀγαθóν α. Manifoldness and Guiding Connectedness of theτέλη and Necessity of aτέλος δι᾽αὑτó β. Theβίοι asτέληδι฀α฀τά: The Criteria for theτέλοςδι฀α฀τó:ο฀κε฀ον, δυσαφαίρετον,τέλειον, andαὔταρκεςν §11. Theτέλειον(Metaphysics Δ16) a) Translation of the Chabter ) Arrangement of the Chabter α. The First Two Points of Arrangement. The Method of Carrying-Over β. Presentation of the Context of the Treatment ofτέλειον γ. Revised Arrangement of the Chabter c) Theτέλειονas Limit in the Sense of the Genuine There of a Being §12. Continuing the Consideration of theἀγαθóν(Nicomachean Ethics,A 5–6) a) Continuing the Discussion of Basic Determinations of the฀γαθóν: The฀νθρώπινον ἀγαθóνas theἁπλῶςτέλειον ) Theψυχ฀ς฀νέργειαικατ’฀ρετήνthe Being-Possiility of Human Beings Which as Is Sufficient for the Sense ofἀνθρώπινονἀγαθóν

CHAPTER 3 The Interbretation of the Being-There of Human Beings with regard to the Basic Possiility of Sbeaking-with-One-Another Guided y Rhetoric §13. Speaking-Being as Ability-to-Hear and as Possibility of Falling: The Double-Sense of Ἄλογον(Nicomachean EthicsA13;De AnimaB4). §14. The Basic Determination of Rhetoric andλóγοςItself asπίστις(RhetoricA1–3) a) The Basic Definition of Rhetoric as the Possiility of Seeing What at Each Moment Sbeaks for a Matter ) The Threeπίστειςἔντεχνοι:ἦθος,πάθος, andλóγοςItself c)ΛóγοςItself asπίστις α.Three Forms of Hearer and the Three Tybes of The λóγος to Be Determined from Them: Delierative Discourse (συμβουλευτικóς), Judicial Discourse (δικανικóς), and Eulogy (ἐπιδεικτικóς) β.Sbeaking with Rhetorical παράδειγμα and฀νθύμημα as Paralleling Dialectical Sbeaking withἐπαγωγήandσυλλογισµóς §15. Δóξα(Nicomachean Ethics,Ζ10 andΓ4) a) Demarcation ofδóξα in Contrast with Seeking (ζήτησις), Knowing (฀πιστήμη), and

Presenting-Itself (φαντασία) ) Making-Present of the Context for the Treatment ofδóξα c) Rebetition and Continuation of the Demarcation ofδóξα:δóξαand Being-Resolved (προαίρεσις) d) The Character ofδóξαas the Orientedness of Average Being-with-One-Another-in- the-World e) Δóξαas the Basis of Theoretical Negotiating α. Pre-given (πρóτασις) and Project (πρóβλημα) as From-Which and Aout-Which of Theoretical Negotiating (TopicsΑ4 andΑ10–11) β.( Inaility-to-Get-Through ฀πορία) as the Tobic of Theoretical Negotiating (MetaphysicsΒ1) §16.ἦθοςandπάθοςasπίστεις(RhetoricΒ1,Nicomachean EthicsΒ4) a) Theoretical and Practical Negotiating )ἦθοςasπίστις c)πάθοςasπίστις §17.Ἕξις(MetabhysicsΔ23 and 20,Nicomachean EthicsΒ1–5) a)ἔχεινandἕξις ) Presentation of the Context of the Treatment ofἕξις c)ἕξιςandἀρετή α. Theγένεσιςofἀρετή β.Ἀρετήas µεσóτης γ. The Orientation ofἀρετήtoward the Moment (καιρóς) §18.Πάθος.Its General Meanings and Its Role in Human Being-There (MetabhysicsΔ21, De AnimaA1) a)Ἕξιςas Clue to the Concebtion of the Being-Structure ofπάθος ) The Four General Meanings ofπάθος c)Πάθος as the Being-Taken of Human Being-There in Its Full Bodily Being-in-the- World d) The Doule-Tybe of Consideration ofπάθοςto according ε฀δος and฀λη, and the Question Concerning the Task of theφυσικóς §19. Theφυσικóςand His Manner of Treatingψυχή(De Part. An.A1) a) The Two Tybes of฀ξιςθεωρίας: Concrete Knowledge (฀πιστήμη) and Assurance of the Manner of Treatment (παιδεία) ) The Decisiveπαιδεία for Investigating theφύσειγινóμενα: Theο฀฀νεκα asλóγος in the Primary Resbect c) The Determination of Indebendentλóγοςin Relation toφύσειγινóµενα α. Theἔργατέχνηςand theλóγοςofτέχνη β. The Being-Characters of theφύσειγινóµενα γ. Criticism of the Tybe of Consideration of the Ancient Physiologists d) The Dual Proof of the Restricted Scobe of theφυσικóς α. Indirect Proof β. Proof from the Character of Being-Moved Itself e) The Definiteness of the History of the Study of Nature y Way of Truth Itself §20.Πάθοςasἡδονήandλύπη(Nicomachean Ethics,Κ1–5) §21.Φóβος(RhetoricΒ5) a) Schematic Outline of the Characterization of Fear ) The Tobic, the First Definition, and the First Determinations c) The Threatening (φοβερά) and the Encounter-Characters That Announce (σημε฀α) It d) Human Beings Themselves insofar as They Are Frightening (φοβεροί)

e) The Genuineness of the Frightening (φοβερóν) f) Disbosition in Being Afraid g) Fear asπίστις: Courage as the Possiility of Being-Combosed in Relation to It: The πάθηas Ground ofλóγος §22. Supplements to the Explication of Being-There as Being-in-the-World a) Theἕξιςofἀληθεύειν(Nicomachean EthicsΔ12–13) ) The World as World of Nature

SECOND PART Retrieving Interpretation of Aristotelian Basic Concepts on the Basis of the Understanding of the Indigenous Character of Conceptuality

CHAPTER 1 The Being-There of Human Beings as the Indigenous Character of Concebtuality §23. Showing of the Possibility of Conceptuality in Being-There according to Concretely Giving Basic Experience, Guiding Claim, and Prevailing Intelligibility §24. The Double Sense of the Possibility of Conceptuality in Being-There a) The Possiility of Concebtuality in the Negative Sense of That in Relation to Which Concebtuality Is Cultivated α. The Interbretedness of Being-There in Fore-Having, Fore-Sight, and Fore-Grasb β.Λóγοςas the Possiility of Error and Dissimulation ) The Possiility of Concebtuality in the Positive Sense of the Possiility of That for Which Concebtuality Is Cultivated:Νοῦςasδιανοεῖσθαι.

CHAPTER 2 Interbretation of the Cultivation of the Concebt ofκίνησις as a Radical Grasbing of the Interbretedness of Being-There §25. The Aristotelian Physics asἀρχή-Research: Orientation toward the First Two Books §26. Movement asἐντελέχειατοῦδυνάµειὄντος(Physics,Γ1) a) Outline of the Chabter ) The Role of Fear inἀρχή-Research c) The Tobic and What Is Co-Given with It d) The Modes of Being from Which Movement Is to Be Abbrehended α.ἐντελέχειαandἐνέργεια β.στέρησις γ.δύναµις δ. Being in the Sense of the Categories e. Movement as the Being of Beings of the World Itself: Critique of the Platonic Discourse on theἀγαθὸνκαθóλου(Nicomachean EthicsΑ4). f) Theδιχῶςof the Categories g) The First Definition of Movement and Its Illustration §27. Movement asἀóριστον(PhysicsΓ2) a) Outline of the Chabter ) Critique of the Earlier Determination of Movement through฀τερóτης,฀νισóτης, and µὴὄν c) The Ground of This Determination: Theἀóριστονof Movement

d) Movement asἀτελήςin Relation to theἔργον §28. Movement asἐντελέχειατοῦδυνάµειποιητικοῦκαὶπαθητικοῦ(PhysicsΓ3) a) Outline of the Chabter ) Theπρóςτιas Character of Being-in-the-World c) The Genuine Definition of Movement throughποίησιςandπάθησις

II. The Text of the Lecture Course on the Basis of the Preserved Parts of the Handwritten Manuscribt On §1 On §2 On §3 On §4 On §5 On §6 On §7a On §7 On §7c On §8 On §9 On §23 On §24 On §25 On §26a On §26 On §26d On §26e On §26f On §26g On §27a On §27 On §27c On §28a On §28 On §28c

Subblement 1 Subblement 2 Subblement 3 Subblement 4 Subblement 5 Subblement 6 Subblement 7 Subblement 8

Editors’ Afterword

APPENDIX